Long-term fire retardant with magnesium sulfate and corrosion inhibitors and methods for making and using same
A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a halide salt, a non-halide salt, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a sulfate salt, or combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include at least one anhydrous salt and at least one hydrate salt. The sulfate salt may be magnesium sulfate. The magnesium sulfate hydrate has a formula MgSO 4 (H 2 O) x , where x is about 1 to about 11. For example, x may be equal to at least one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 or 11. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.
1. A method of combating a forest fire, the method comprising:
depositing, via aerial or ground-based application, a forest fire retardant composition comprising:
a retardant compound comprising Kieserite (MgSO 4 (H 2 O) 1 ),Dipotassium Sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ), Hexahydrite (MgSO 4 (H 2 O) 6 ), and Epsomite (MgSO 4 (H 2 O) 7 );
a corrosion inhibitor for at least one of iron, brass, aluminum, or magnesium present in the composition in an amount having a weight percent of about 0.2% to about 6.0% relative to the weight of the retardant compound in the composition;
a thickening agent, present in the composition in an amount having a weight percent of about 1.5% to about 6.5% relative to the weight of the retardant compound in the composition;
a colorant, present in the composition in an amount having a weight percent of about 0.4% to about 3.5% relative to the weight of the retardant compound in the composition; and
water;
wherein the step of depositing comprises at least one of (a) a direct attack on the forest fire or (b) an indirect attack before the forest fire.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of depositing is performed via aerial application from an airplane or helicopter.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of depositing is performed via ground application from a truck.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forest fire retardant composition further comprises a pigment.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forest fire retardant composition further comprises a buffering agent.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forest fire retardant composition further comprises a mineral oil.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forest fire retardant composition further comprises a glow-in-the-dark additive.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forest fire retardant composition further comprises Bischofite (MgCl 2 (H 2 O) 6 ) and Magnesium Chloride (MgCl 2 ).
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thickening agent comprises at least one of a polyurethane, a polyvinyl alcohol, an acrylic polymer, a gum, a cellulosic, a sulfonate, a saccharide, a clay, an organosilicone, or a protein.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the thickening agent comprises the gum.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the gum comprises a polysaccharide gum.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the corrosion inhibitor comprises an alkyl amine and one or more azoles.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the colorant comprises at least one of a red dye, an orange dye, a purple dye, a pink dye, Iron Oxide, Iron Oxide Black, or a fluorescent pigment.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the colorant comprises the fluorescent pigment.
15. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pigment is present in the composition in a weight percent of about 0.02% to about 2.0% relative to the weight of the retardant compound in the composition.
16. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pigment comprises titanium dioxide.
17. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pigment comprises iron oxide.
18. The method of claim 5 , wherein the buffering agent is present in the composition in a weight percent of about 0.5% to about 5.0% relative to the weight of the retardant compound in the composition.
19. The method of claim 5 , wherein the buffering agent comprises at least one of:
triethanolamine (C 6 H 15 NO 3 );
diethanolamine;
monoethanolamine; or
monoethylene glycol.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forest fire retardant composition further comprises at least one of a spoilage inhibitor, a flow conditioner, an anti-foaming agent, a foaming agent, a stability additive, a biocide, a second thickening agent, a surfactant, an adjuvant, a second corrosion inhibitor, an opacifier, a second colorant, a liquid carrier, or a deduster.