Ultrasonic handpiece assembly
An ultrasonic handpiece assembly has a horn, a rear mass attached to a rear end of the horn, a needle attached to a front end of the horn, a stack of piezoelectric elements arranged coaxially about the horn, and an L-T spring arranged coaxially about the horn behind the stack. The horn includes a low gain section in front of the stack and a high gain section in front of the low gain section. The assembly has a first L-T mode, a T mode, a second L-T mode, and an L mode at different resonant frequencies. The low gain horn section includes a circumferential groove located at a vibrational node of the L-T mode. Frequency separation between the first L-T mode and T mode results in torsional vibration of the first L-T mode interacting constructively with torsional vibration of the T mode, thereby increasing torsional stroke in the T mode.
1. An ultrasonic handpiece assembly comprising:
a horn elongated along a longitudinal axis, the horn including a rear end, a front end opposite the rear end, and a horn lumen extending axially through the horn;
a rear mass attached to the rear end of the horn, the rear mass having a rear mass lumen extending axially through the rear mass and communicating with the horn lumen;
a plurality of piezoelectric elements arranged coaxially about the horn in a stack; and
an L-T spring arranged coaxially about the horn axially behind the stack of piezoelectric elements;
wherein the horn includes a low gain section axially in front of the stack of piezoelectric elements and a high gain section axially in front of the low gain section, wherein the high gain section has a transverse cross-sectional area less than a transverse cross-sectional area of the low gain section;
wherein the low gain section of the horn includes a circumferential groove;
wherein the ultrasonic handpiece assembly has a first L-T mode at a first resonant frequency, a T mode at a second resonant frequency, a second L-T mode at a third resonant frequency, and an L mode at a fourth resonant frequency; and
wherein the circumferential groove is arranged at an axial location corresponding to a vibrational node of the first L-T mode.
2. The ultrasonic handpiece assembly according to claim 1 , further comprising a needle attached to the front end of the horn, the needle having a needle lumen extending axially through the needle and communicating with the horn lumen, wherein torsional vibration of the first L-T mode interacts constructively with torsional vibration of the T mode to increase a torsional stroke at a tip of the needle when the ultrasonic handpiece assembly is operated in the T mode.
3. The ultrasonic handpiece assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the circumferential groove has a depth such that the second resonant frequency exceeds the first resonant frequency by a frequency differential in a range from 1.3 kHz through 2.2 kHz.
4. The ultrasonic handpiece assembly according to claim 1 , further comprising a spacer arranged coaxially about the horn adjacent the rear mass.
5. The ultrasonic handpiece assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the low gain section of the horn is a unity gain section.
6. The ultrasonic handpiece assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the low gain section of the horn is cylindrical and has a diameter of 0.375 inches (9.52 mm) and the circumferential groove is 0.22 inches (5.588 mm) in axial length and has a radial depth in a range from 0.05 inches (1.270 mm) through 0.08 inches (2.032 mm).
7. The ultrasonic handpiece assembly according to claim 6 , wherein the radial depth of the circumferential groove is 0.0555 inches (1.397 mm).
8. The ultrasonic handpiece assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the low gain section of the horn is cylindrical and has a diameter of 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) and the circumferential groove is 0.22 inches (5.588 mm) in axial length and has a radial depth in a range from 0.04 inches (1.016 mm) through 0.08 inches (2.032 mm).