Ceramic matrix composite sandwich structure reinforced with z-tows
A method of reinforcing a ceramic sandwich structure includes forming a ceramic core, assembling the sandwich structure by disposing the core between and in physical contact with a first panel and a second panel, and weaving a plurality of z-fibers at least partially through a thickness of the sandwich structure.
1 . A method of reinforcing a ceramic sandwich structure, the method comprising:
forming a ceramic core, the ceramic core comprising a plurality of voids extending entirely through the ceramic core;
assembling the sandwich structure by disposing the core between and in physical contact with a first panel and a second panel such that the plurality of voids extend from the first panel to the second panel; and
weaving a plurality of z-fibers at least partially through a thickness of the sandwich structure;
wherein at least one of the plurality of z-fibers physically contacts each of the first panel and the second panel, extending entirely through the thickness of the sandwich structure and at least one of the plurality of voids.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the ceramic core comprises forming a pattern of strips and voids by:
disposing a first plurality of ceramic strips in parallel, and disposing a second plurality of ceramic strips orthogonal to the first plurality of ceramic strips;
machining the voids into a monolithic ceramic material; or
3D printing a first amount of a preceramic polymer into parallel first strips, and 3D printing a second amount of the preceramic polymer into second strips orthogonal the first strips.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein assembling the sandwich structure comprises forming a plurality of butt joints between the ceramic strips and each of the first panel and the second panel.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one of the plurality of z-fibers physically contacts each of the first panel and the second panel, extending entirely through the thickness of the sandwich structure in a serpentine pattern.
5 . The method of claim 3 , wherein at least one of the plurality of z-fibers physically contacts the first panel and at least one strip of the ceramic core, extending partially through the thickness of the sandwich structure in a serpentine pattern.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein a second one of the plurality of z-fibers physically contacts each of the first panel and the second panel, extending entirely through the thickness of the sandwich structure in a serpentine pattern.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the second one of the plurality of z-fibers extends through a subset of the voids of the ceramic core.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the first panel and the second panel comprises silicon carbide.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of z-fibers comprises silicon carbide.
10 . A method of forming a ceramic matrix composite, the method comprising: densifying the sandwich structure of claim 1 with a ceramic matrix using at least one of chemical vapor infiltration, polymer infiltration and pyrolysis, and melt infiltration.
11 . A ceramic matrix composite comprising:
a reinforced sandwich structure comprising:
a first panel;
a second panel;
a ceramic core disposed between and in physical contact with the first panel and the second panel, the ceramic core comprising:
a plurality of voids extending entirely through the ceramic core from the first panel to the second panel; and
a plurality of z-fibers woven at least partially through a thickness of the sandwich structure; and
a ceramic matrix enveloping the reinforced sandwich structure, and
wherein at least a first z-fiber of the plurality of z-fibers physically contacts each of the first panel and the second panel, extending entirely through the thickness of the sandwich structure and at least one of the plurality of voids.
12 . The ceramic matrix composite of claim 11 , wherein the ceramic matrix comprises silicon carbide.
13 . The ceramic matrix composite of claim 11 , wherein each of the first panel and the second panel comprises silicon carbide.
14 . The ceramic matrix composite of claim 11 , wherein the ceramic core has a grid pattern with a plurality of ceramic strips defining the plurality of voids.
15 . The ceramic matrix composite of claim 14 , wherein the plurality of ceramic strips form a plurality of butt joints with each of the first panel and the second panel.
16 . The ceramic matrix composite of claim 14 , wherein the at least the first z-fiber extends in a serpentine manner along two orthogonal axes of the sandwich structure.
17 . The ceramic matrix composite of claim 14 , wherein a second z-fiber of the plurality of z-fibers physically contacts the first panel and at least one of the plurality of ceramic strips of the ceramic core, extending partially through the thickness of the sandwich structure.
18 . The ceramic matrix composite of claim 17 , wherein the first and second z-fibers each extend in a serpentine manner along two orthogonal axes of the sandwich structure.