Paper-based multilayer packaging materials and methods
A multilayer packaging material includes a substrate formed of a cellulosic fiber-based material. The substrate has a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface. An oxygen barrier layer is formed of a PVOH material attached to the substrate, wherein the oxygen barrier layer is an innermost layer of the multilayer packaging material and further wherein the oxygen barrier layer is heat sealable. At least one moisture barrier layer is attached to the substrate, the moisture barrier layer selected from an inner moisture barrier layer disposed intermediate the substrate and the oxygen barrier layer and an outer moisture barrier layer disposed on the second major surface of the substrate. In further aspects, a packaging article, a method for making a multilayer packaging material, and a method for packaging a product are provided.
1 . A multilayer packaging material, comprising:
a substrate formed of a cellulosic fiber-based material, the substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface;
an oxygen barrier layer formed of a PVOH material attached to the first major surface of the substrate, wherein the oxygen barrier layer defines a product-contacting surface of the multilayer packaging material and further wherein the oxygen barrier layer is heat sealable; and
at least one moisture barrier layer attached to the substrate, the moisture barrier layer selected from the group consisting of:
(a) an inner moisture barrier layer attached to the first major surface of the substrate and disposed intermediate the substrate and the oxygen barrier layer; and
(b) an outer moisture barrier layer attached to the second major surface of the substrate.
2 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one moisture barrier layer comprises one or both of:
(a) said inner moisture barrier layer disposed intermediate the substrate and the oxygen barrier layer, wherein the inner moisture barrier layer comprises at least one of a polyolefin-based polymer resin, a functionalized polyolefin-based polymer resin, and a dried polymer dispersion; and
(b) said outer moisture barrier layer disposed on the second major surface of the substrate, wherein the inner moisture barrier layer comprises at least one of a polyolefin-based polymer resin, a functionalized polyolefin-based polymer resin, and a dried polymer dispersion.
3 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one moisture barrier layer comprises one or both of:
(a) said inner moisture barrier layer disposed intermediate the substrate and the oxygen barrier layer, wherein the inner moisture barrier layer comprises a polyolefin-based polymer resin or a functionalized polyolefin-based polymer resin; and
(b) said outer moisture barrier layer disposed on the second major surface of the substrate, wherein the inner moisture barrier layer comprises a dried polymer dispersion.
4 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 1 , wherein the total weight of polymer materials in the multilayer packaging material minus the weight of the oxygen barrier layer in the multilayer packaging material does not exceed 20% by weight of the total weight of the multilayer packaging material minus the weight of the oxygen barrier layer in the multilayer packaging material.
5 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 1 , further comprising any one or more of:
the oxygen barrier layer comprises PVOH material in an amount sufficient to render the product-contacting surface of the multilayer packaging material grease resistant;
the inner moisture barrier layer is directly attached to the first major surface of the substrate;
the multilayer packaging material has an oxygen transmission rate (OTR) between about 0.001 cc/100 in 2 /day and about 1.0 cc/100 in 2 /day measured at 0% relative humidity and 23° C.;
the multilayer packaging material has a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) between about 0.001 cc/100 in 2 /day to about 2 cc/100 in 2 /day measured at 23° C. and 85% relative humidity;
a primer layer disposed between the inner moisture barrier layer and the oxygen barrier layer;
a tie resin layer and a primer layer disposed between the inner moisture barrier layer and the oxygen barrier layer;
a tie resin layer which is directly adjacent to the inner moisture barrier layer and a primer layer which is disposed directly adjacent to the oxygen barrier layer;
the inner moisture barrier layer, the outer moisture barrier layer, or both, each comprise one or more layers, which may be the same or different, selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), linear medium density polyethylene (LMDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), metallocene linear low-density polyethylene (mLLDPE), polyolefin plastomer (POP), polyethylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PE-g-MA), polypropylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PP-g-MA), polypropylene grafted acrylic acids (PP-g-AA), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methacrylic acid (EMAA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl methacrylate (EMMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EEA) copolymer resins, ethylene-butyl acrylate (EBA) copolymer resins, and ethylene n-butyl acrylate (EnBA) copolymer resins, and any combination thereof;
the substrate is selected from the group consisting of a paper substrate and a paperboard substrate;
the substrate has a basis weight in the range of from 20 pounds per 3,000 square feet to 120 pounds per 3,000 square feet;
a printed ink layer disposed on the second major surface of the substrate;
the oxygen barrier layer is food safe; and
the multilayer packaging material is recyclable in a paper recycling process.
6 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 1 , comprising said inner moisture barrier layer and further comprising a tie resin layer between the inner moisture barrier and the oxygen barrier layer.
7 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 6 , wherein:
the oxygen barrier layer, tie resin layer, and inner moisture barrier layer and are layers of a three-layer coextrusion;
the oxygen barrier layer and tie resin layer are layers of a two-layer coextrusion;
the tie resin layer and inner moisture barrier layer are layers of a two-layer coextrusion; or
the oxygen barrier layer and inner moisture barrier layer are layers of a two-layer coextrusion.
8 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 6 , wherein the tie layer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PE-g-MA), polypropylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PP-g-MA), polypropylene grafted acrylic acids (PP-g-AA), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methacrylic acid (EMAA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl methacrylate (EMMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EEA) copolymer resins, ethylene-butyl acrylate (EBA) copolymer resins, and ethylene n-butyl acrylate (EnBA) copolymer resins.
9 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 1 , wherein the first major surface of the substrate is a treated surface configured to promote adhesion between the inner moisture barrier layer and the substrate.
10 . The multilayer packaging material of claim 9 , wherein the treated surface is selected from the group consisting of a flame treated surface, a corona treated surface, a plasma treated surface, an ozone treated surface, and a liquid primer treated surface.
11 . A packaging article formed of the multilayer packaging material of claim 1 .
12 . The packaging article of claim 11 , wherein the packaging article is a bag or a pouch and the oxygen barrier layer is hermetically heat sealed to itself.
13 . A method of making a multilayer packaging material, the method comprising:
providing a substrate formed of a cellulosic fiber-based material, the substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface;
attaching an oxygen barrier layer formed of a PVOH material to the first major surface of the substrate, wherein the oxygen barrier layer defines a product-contacting surface of the multilayer packaging material, and further wherein the oxygen barrier layer is heat sealable; and
attaching at least one moisture barrier layer to the substrate, the moisture barrier layer selected from the group consisting of:
(a) an inner moisture barrier layer disposed intermediate the substrate and the oxygen barrier layer; and
(b) an outer moisture barrier layer disposed on the second major surface of the substrate.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the inner moisture barrier layer is selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin-based polymer resin, a functionalized polyolefin-based polymer resin, and a dried polymer dispersion and wherein the outer moisture barrier layer is selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin-based polymer resin, a functionalized polyolefin-based polymer resin, and a dried polymer dispersion.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the inner moisture barrier layer is selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin-based polymer resin and a functionalized polyolefin-based polymer resin, and wherein the outer moisture barrier layer is a dried polymer dispersion.
16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the total weight of polymer materials in the multilayer packaging material minus the weight of the oxygen barrier layer in the multilayer packaging material does not exceed 20% by weight of the total weight of the multilayer packaging material minus the weight of the oxygen barrier layer in the multilayer packaging material.
17 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
providing one or both of a tie resin layer and a primer layer between the inner moisture barrier and the oxygen barrier layer.
18 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising any one or more of:
the oxygen barrier layer defines a product-contacting surface of the multilayer packaging material, wherein the PVOH material is present in an amount sufficient to render the product-contacting surface of the multilayer packaging material grease resistant;
attaching the inner moisture barrier layer directly to the first major surface of the substrate;
the multilayer packaging material has an oxygen transmission rate (OTR) between about 0.001 cc/100 in 2 /day and about 1.0 cc/100 in 2 /day measured at 0% relative humidity and 23° C.;
the multilayer packaging material has a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) between about 0.001 cc/100 in 2 /day to about 2 cc/100 in 2 /day measured at 23° C. and 85% relative humidity;
providing a tie resin layer directly adjacent to the inner moisture barrier layer and a primer layer directly adjacent to the oxygen barrier layer;
the inner moisture barrier layer comprises one or more layers, which may be the same or different, selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), linear medium density polyethylene (LMDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), metallocene linear low-density polyethylene (mLLDPE), polyolefin plastomer (POP), polyethylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PE-g-MA), polypropylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PP-g-MA), polypropylene grafted acrylic acids (PP-g-AA), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methacrylic acid (EMAA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl methacrylate (EMMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EEA) copolymer resins, ethylene-butyl acrylate (EBA) copolymer resins, and ethylene n-butyl acrylate (EnBA) copolymer resins, and any combination thereof;
the substrate is selected from the group consisting of a paper substrate and a paperboard substrate;
the substrate has a basis weight in the range of from 20 pounds per 3,000 square feet to 120 pounds per 3,000 square feet;
providing a printed ink layer on the second major surface of the substrate;
the oxygen barrier layer is food safe; and
the multilayer packaging material is recyclable in a paper recycling process.
19 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising
coextruding the inner moisture barrier layer, a tie resin layer, and the oxygen barrier layer as a three-layer coextrusion;
coextruding the oxygen barrier layer and tie resin layer as a two-layer coextrusion;
coextruding the inner moisture barrier layer and tie resin layer as a two-layer coextrusion; or
coextruding the oxygen barrier layer and inner moisture barrier layer as a two-layer coextrusion.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the tie layer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PE-g-MA), polypropylene grafted maleic anhydrides (PP-g-MA), polypropylene grafted acrylic acids (PP-g-AA), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methacrylic acid (EMAA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-methyl methacrylate (EMMA) copolymer resins, ethylene-ethyl acrylate (EEA) copolymer resins, ethylene-butyl acrylate (EBA) copolymer resins, and ethylene n-butyl acrylate (EnBA) copolymer resins.
21 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising treating the first major surface to promote adhesion between the inner moisture barrier layer and the substrate.
22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the treating is selected from the group consisting of a flame treating, corona treating, plasma treating, ozone treating, and liquid primer treating.
23 . A method of packaging a product, comprising:
placing a multilayer packaging material around and in contact with the product, said multilayer packaging material comprising:
a substrate formed of a cellulosic fiber-based material, the substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface;
an oxygen barrier layer formed of a PVOH material attached to the first major surface of the substrate, wherein the oxygen barrier layer is an innermost layer of the multilayer packaging material and further wherein the oxygen barrier layer is heat sealable; and
at least one moisture barrier layer attached to the substrate, the moisture barrier layer selected from the group consisting of:
(a) an inner moisture barrier layer attached to the first major surface of the substrate and disposed intermediate the substrate and the oxygen barrier layer; and
(b) an outer moisture barrier layer attached to the second major surface of the substrate; and
bringing a first portion of the oxygen barrier layer into opposing and contacting relation with a second portion of the oxygen barrier layer and heat sealing the first portion of the oxygen barrier layer to the second portion of the oxygen barrier layer to hermetically seal the product within the multilayer packaging material.
24 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the product is a food product.