IP Library Granted Patent US 12,657,716
Granted Patent B2
US 12,657,716 · App. 18/200,132 · Granted Jun 16, 2026

Generating agronomic inferences from extracted individual plant components

Inventors: Daniel Williams (Sacramento, CA); Cameron Cruz (San Francisco, CA)
Assignee: Deere & Company
G06T7/0014G06Q50/02G06T7/11G06V10/761G06V10/762G06T2207/20081G06T2207/30188
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,657,716
App. No.
18/200,132
Granted
Jun 16, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Implementations are disclosed for analyzing extracted individual plant components to make agronomic inferences about entire composite plant organs from which the individual plant components were harvested, and for using those agronomic inferences for various purposes. In various implementations, individual plant component(s) may be sampled from multiple plant components removed from composite plant organ(s) that previously included the plant components. Digital image(s) may be captured of the sampled individual plant component(s) and processed based on machine learning model(s) to generate agronomic inference(s) about the composite plant organ(s) that previously included the plurality of plant components. Based on the agronomic inference(s), computing device(s) may render output that includes a diagnosis or recommendation for the grower about the field or the crops, and/or agricultural equipment (e.g., robots) may be operated automatically.

Claims (42)

1 . A method implemented using one or more processors and comprising:

sampling a plurality of individual plant components from a plurality of plant components removed from one or more composite plant organs that previously included the plurality of plant components, wherein the one or more composite plant organs are part of crops in a field managed by a grower;

capturing one or more digital images of the sampled one or more plurality of individual plant components;

processing the one or more digital images based on one or more machine learning models, wherein one or more of the machine learning models was trained previously based on training data associating a plurality of reference individual plant components with ground truth agronomic observations about one or more reference composite plant organs that yielded the plurality of reference individual plant components, wherein the processing includes:

generating a plurality of individual plant component embeddings that represent the sampled plurality of individual plant components within the one or more digital images;

determining similarity measures between the plurality of individual plant component embeddings and individual plant component reference embeddings generated previously based on the plurality of reference individual plant components; and

based on the similarity measures and at least some of the ground truth agronomic observations about one or more of the reference composite plant organs that yielded the plurality of reference individual plant components, generating one or more agronomic inferences about the one or more composite plant organs that previously included the plurality of plant components; and

based on the one or more agronomic inferences, causing one or more computing devices to render output that includes a diagnosis or recommendation for the grower about the field or the crops.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the output comprises includes subfield recommendations for the field managed by the grower.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the output includes one or more mid-crop-cycle agronomic recommendations.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the output includes a local environmental zone map for the field.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are corn kernels, and the one or more composite plant organs are ears of corn.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are wheat seeds, and the one or more composite plant organs are heads of wheat.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are sampled by a component onboard a combine harvester operating in the field.

8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the processing includes segmenting the sampled plurality of individual plant components within the one or more digital images.

9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the similarity measures are first similarity measures, and further including:

determining second similarity measures between the plurality of individual plant component embeddings; and

based on the second similarity measures, clustering the plurality of individual plant component embeddings into clusters, with each cluster representing an archetype composite plant organ.

10 . A system comprising one or more processors and memory storing instructions that, in response to execution by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

sample a plurality of individual plant components from a plurality of plant components removed from one or more composite plant organs that previously included the plurality of plant components, wherein the one or more composite plant organs are part of crops in a field managed by a grower;

capture one or more digital images of the sampled one or more plurality of individual plant components;

process the one or more digital images based on machine learning models, wherein one or more of the machine learning models was trained previously based on training data associating a plurality of reference individual plant components with ground truth agronomic observations about one or more reference composite plant organs that yielded the plurality of reference individual plant components, wherein to process includes to:

generate a plurality of individual plant component embeddings that represent the sampled plurality of individual plant components within the one or more digital images;

determine similarity measures between the plurality of individual plant component embeddings and individual plant component reference embeddings generated previously based on the plurality of reference individual plant components; and

based on the similarity measures and at least some of the ground truth agronomic observations about one or more of the reference composite plant organs that yielded the plurality of reference individual plant components, generate one or more agronomic inferences about the one or more composite plant organs that previously included the plurality of plant components; and

based on the one or more agronomic inferences, cause one or more computing devices to render output that includes a diagnosis or recommendation for the grower about the field or the crops.

11 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the output includes subfield recommendations for the field managed by the grower, one or more mid-crop-cycle agronomic recommendations, or a local environmental zone map for the field.

12 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are corn kernels, and the one or more composite plant organs are ears of corn.

13 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are wheat seeds, and the one or more composite plant organs are heads of wheat.

14 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are sampled by a component onboard a combine harvester operating in the field.

15 . The system of claim 10 , wherein the processing includes segmenting the sampled plurality of individual plant components within the one or more digital images.

16 . At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

obtain one or more digital images of a plurality of individual plant components that were sampled from a plurality of plant components removed from one or more composite plant organs that previously included the plurality of plant components, wherein the one or more composite plant organs are part of crops in a field managed by a grower;

process the one or more digital images based on one or more machine learning models, wherein one or more of the machine learning models was trained previously based on training data associating a plurality of reference individual plant components with ground truth agronomic observations about one or more reference composite plant organs that yielded the plurality of reference individual plant components, wherein to process includes to:

generate a plurality of individual plant component embeddings that represent the sampled plurality of individual plant components within the one or more digital images:

determine similarity measures between the plurality of individual plant component embeddings and individual plant component reference embeddings generated previously based on the plurality of reference individual plant components; and

based on the similarity measures and at least some of the ground truth agronomic observations about one or more of the reference composite plant organs that yielded the plurality of reference individual plant components, generate one or more agronomic inferences about the one or more composite plant organs that previously included the plurality of plant components; and

based on the one or more agronomic inferences, cause one or more computing devices to render output that includes a diagnosis or recommendation for the grower about the field or the crops.

17 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the output includes subfield recommendations for the field managed by the grower, one or more mid-crop-cycle agronomic recommendations, or a local environmental zone map for the field.

18 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are corn kernels, and the one or more composite plant organs are ears of corn.

19 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are wheat seeds, and the one or more composite plant organs are heads of wheat.

20 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the plurality of individual plant components are sampled by a component onboard a combine harvester operating in the field.

Assignments (2)
MERGER Recorded Jun 26, 2024
From: MINERAL EARTH SCIENCES LLC
To: DEERE & CO.
Reel/Frame 068055/0420 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded May 23, 2023
From: WILLIAMS, DANIEL; CRUZ, CAMERON
To: MINERAL EARTH SCIENCES LLC
Reel/Frame 063728/0899 →
Continuity (1)
Related Publication 20240394884A1 · Nov 28, 2024
References Cited (16)
US 10186029B2 · Spalding et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20140376782A1 · Li · 2014 [cited by examiner]
US 20180025254A1 · Wellington · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 20210241482A1 · Ruelberg et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220061216A1 · Heitmann et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220138925A1 · Anderson · 2022 [cited by examiner]
Miller et al., “A robust, high-throughput method for computing maize ear, cob, and kernel attributes automatically from images” The Plant Journal (2017) 89, 169-178, doi:10.1111/tpj. 13320, dated Nov. 19, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Li et al., “Corn Classification System based on Computer Vision” Symmetry 2019, 11, 591; doi:10.3390/sym10040591, 12 pages, dated Apr. 24, 2019. [cited by applicant]
Khaki et al, “DeepCorn: A Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Method for High-Throughput Image-Based Corn Kernel Counting and Yield Estimation” Elsevier. Retrieved from https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/, 2… [cited by applicant]
Mark Licht “Estimating Corn Yields Using Yield Components” Iowa State University, Integrated Crop Management. Retrieved from https://crops.extension.iastate.edu/cropnews/2017/08/estimating-corn-yields-using-yield-compon… [cited by applicant]
“What accounts for variability in grain protein levels in corn?” The Ohio State University. Agronomic Crops Network. Retrieved from https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2018-01/what-accounts-variability-gr… [cited by applicant]
Sonja Begemann “Diagnose Corn Ear Problems” AgWeb. Retreived from https://www.agweb.com/news/crops/com/diagnose-corn-ear-problems. 11 pages, dated Sep. 20, 2016. [cited by applicant]
Stephen D. Strachan “Corn Grain Yield in Relation to Stress During Ear Development” Crop Insights. vol. 26, No. 9, 5 pages, dated 2016. [cited by applicant]
“Stress During Ear Development Affects Corn Yield” Agronomy Notebook, Crops. 3 pages, dated Jul. 2, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Liu et al., “High-Throughput Phenotyping of Morphological Seed and Fruit Characteristics Using X-Ray Computed Tomography” Front. Plant Sci. 11:601475. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.601475, 10 pages, dated Nov. 12, 2020. [cited by applicant]
Nguyen et al., “A Robust Automated Image-Based Phenotyping Method for Rapid Vegetative Screening of Wheat Germplasm for Nitrogen Use Efficiency” Front. Plant Sci. 10:1372. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01372, 15 pages, dated N… [cited by applicant]