Catheter systems and methods for medical procedures using catheters
In some aspects, catheter devices can include: a reinforcing member having a proximal and distal ends, the reinforcing member comprising: discrete longitudinally arranged structural regions between the proximal and distal ends comprising: a first, proximal, structural region defining a first series of wall perforations that generate structural properties within the first structural region, the first series of wall perforations setting a first stiffness of the first structural region; and a second structural region, disposed distally relative to the first structural region, defining a second series of wall perforations that generate structural properties within the second structural region, the second series of wall perforations setting a second stiffness of the second structural region, which is less than the first stiffness, wherein the second series of wall perforations differs from the first series of wall perforations by at least one of: cut balance, cut frequency, or pitch.
1. A catheter device comprising:
a reinforcing member having a proximal end and a distal end and defining a central opening therebetween, the reinforcing member comprising:
a plurality of discrete longitudinally arranged sections disposed between the proximal end and the distal end and comprising, in order, a proximal section, a mid-transition section, a distal transition section, a distal section, and a distal structural region, wherein:
the proximal section is located at or near the proximal end and defines a first series of wall perforations at a first pitch that sets a first stiffness of the proximal section, wherein the first pitch does not vary within the proximal section;
the mid-transition section is located distally relative to the proximal section and defines a second series of wall perforations at a second pitch that sets a second stiffness of the mid-transition section that increases in stiffness from a distal-most end to a proximal-most end of the mid-transition section, wherein the second pitch varies from the distal-most end to the proximal-most end of the mid-transition section, and wherein the first stiffness of the proximal section is greater than the second stiffness of the mid-transition section;
the distal transition section is located distally relative to the mid-transition section and defines a third series of wall perforations at a third pitch that sets a third stiffness of the distal transition section, wherein the third stiffness increases in stiffness from a distal-most end to a proximal-most end of the distal transition section, wherein the third pitch varies from the distal-most end to the proximal-most end of the distal transition section, and wherein the second stiffness of the mid-transition section is greater than the third stiffness of the distal transition section;
the distal section is located distally relative to the distal transition section and defines a fourth series of wall perforations at a fourth pitch that sets a fourth stiffness of the distal section, wherein the fourth pitch does not vary within the distal section, wherein the third stiffness of the distal transition section is greater than the fourth stiffness of the distal section; and
a distal structural region substantially free of perforations and disposed distally relative to the distal section.
2. The catheter device of claim 1 , further comprising a radiopaque marker disposed at or near the distal end of the reinforcing member.
3. The catheter device of claim 1 , further comprising a liner material along an inner surface of the central opening.
4. The catheter device of claim 3 , wherein the liner material comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.
5. The catheter device of claim 3 , wherein the liner material extends longitudinally beyond the proximal end, the distal end, or both the proximal and distal ends of the reinforcing member.
6. The catheter device of claim 1 , further comprising an outer jacket material disposed about the reinforcing member.
7. The catheter device of claim 6 , wherein the outer jacket material comprises polyether block amide.
8. The catheter device of claim 6 , wherein the outer jacket extends longitudinally beyond the proximal end, the distal end, or both the proximal and distal ends of the reinforcing member.
9. The catheter device of claim 1 , wherein a width of any one or more of the first, second, third, or fourth series of wall perforations is about 0.0005 inches to about 0.0015 inches.
10. The catheter device of claim 1 , wherein:
the first series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 106 degrees to about 110 degrees on and about 34 degrees to about 38 degrees off;
the second series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 106 degrees to about 110 degrees on and about 34 degrees to about 38 degrees off;
the third series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 208 degrees to about 212 degrees on and about 28 degrees to about 32 degrees off; and
the fourth series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 208 degrees to about 212 degrees on and about 28 degrees to about 32 degrees off.
11. The catheter device of claim 10 , wherein:
the first series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 108 degrees on and about 36 degrees off;
the second series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 108 degrees on and about 36 degrees off;
the third series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 210 degrees on and about 30 degrees off; and
the fourth series of wall perforations has a cut balance of about 210 degrees on and about 30 degrees off.
12. The catheter device of claim 10 , wherein:
the first series of wall perforations is formed along a substantially left-helical path; and
the fourth series of wall perforations is formed along a substantially left-helical path.
13. The catheter device of claim 12 , wherein:
the second series of wall perforations is formed along a substantially left-helical path; and
the third series of wall perforations is formed along a substantially left-helical path.
14. The catheter device of claim 1 , further comprising a liner material along an inner surface of the central opening and an outer jacket material disposed along an outer surface of the reinforcing member.
15. The catheter device of claim 1 , wherein the distal structural region has a length that is less than about 0.020 inches; the distal section has a length that is about 6 inches to about 8 inches; the distal transition section has a length that is about 4 to about 8 inches; and the mid-transition section has a length that is about 6 to about 9 inches.
16. The catheter device of claim 15 , wherein the distal structural region has a length that is about 0.012 inches; the distal section has a length that is about 7.862 inches; the distal transition section has a length that is about 5.906 inches; and the mid-transition section has a length that is about 7.874 inches.