Two-way transparent display
A display that contains a sparse array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), system, and method of fabrication are disclosed. The display includes a panel having at least one tile configured to display information. The panel is disposed within or on a transparent material. Each tile includes an array of LEDs, which have a uniform distance therebetween such that light from the array is viewable on opposing sides of the panel while providing visibility through the panel. A darkening layer on at least one side of the panel provides selectable darkening to block the light from exiting the at least one side of the panel.
1. A dual-sided display, comprising:
a panel having at least one tile configured to display information, the panel disposed within a transparent material, each of the at least one tile including an array of micro light-emitting diodes (microLEDs), the microLEDs configured to provide light to be viewed on opposing sides of the panel, a distance between the microLEDs configured to provide visibility through the panel;
a first darkening layer disposed on at least one side of the panel, the first darkening layer configured to provide selectable darkening to block the light from exiting the dual-sided display on the at least one side of the panel;
a sensor configured to make a determination as to a condition of a detection of a user presence and receipt of a user input on a side of the display; and
a processor configured to control the first darkening layer to provide the selectable darkening to an opposite side of the display as the side of the display at which the condition of the user presence is detected by and the receipt of the user input from the sensor.
2. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein in each tile of the panel, the array includes:
a transparent flexible substrate;
a transparent rigid substrate adhered to the transparent flexible substrate via an adhesive layer in which the array is encapsulated; and
at least one driver disposed on an edge of the at least one tile and configured to drive the microLEDs.
3. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein each LED includes:
an n-type semiconductor layer;
a p-type semiconductor layer;
an active region between the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type semiconductor layer; and
a transparent contact disposed on each of the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type semiconductor layer.
4. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein each LED includes:
an n-type semiconductor layer;
a p-type semiconductor layer;
an active region between the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type semiconductor layer;
at least one material selected from materials including a transparent contact and a transparent coating disposed on each of the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type semiconductor layer; and
a non-transparent contact disposed on a surface of one of the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type semiconductor layer opposite a surface of the one of the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type semiconductor layer on which the transparent coating is disposed, the non-transparent contact adjacent to the active region.
5. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein the first darkening layer includes at least one of a material selected from a group of materials that include an electro-chromatic material, liquid crystal display (LCD), and e-ink.
6. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein:
the sensor is a proximity sensor configured to detect the user presence on the side of the display; and
the processor is configured to control the first darkening layer to provide the selectable darkening to the opposite side of the display as the side of the display at which the user presence is detected by the proximity sensor.
7. The dual-sided display of claim 6 , wherein the proximity sensor is integrated in the panel.
8. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein:
the sensor is a touch sensor configured to receive the user input on the side of the display; and
the processor is configured to control the first darkening layer to provide the selectable darkening to the opposite side of the display as the side of the display at which the user input is received by the touch sensor.
9. The dual-sided display of claim 8 , wherein the touch sensor is integrated in the panel.
10. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein:
the first darkening layer is disposed on a first side of the panel, the first darkening layer configured to provide selectable darkening to block light from exiting the dual-sided display on the first side of the panel; and
a second darkening layer is disposed on a second side of the panel opposing the first side of the panel, the second darkening layer configured to provide selectable darkening to block light from exiting the dual-sided display on the second side of the panel, the first darkening layer and the second darkening layer configured to be independently activatable between a transparent mode and an opaque mode.
11. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein the first darkening layer is configured to improve a contrast for viewing the light on a side of the dual-sided display that is not darkened by the first darkening layer.
12. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein:
the panel has multiple tiles,
control circuitry of each tile is disposed on a thin transparent electrical backplane of the tile, and
the control circuitry of each tile is disposed on a single side of the display.
13. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein:
the panel has multiple tiles,
control circuitry of each tile is disposed on a thin transparent electrical backplane of the tile, and
the control circuitry of at least one tile is disposed on a different side of the display as the control circuitry of at least one other tile.
14. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein:
the panel has multiple tiles, and
the tiles are configured to operate independently to selectively provide different images or aggregated to provide an extended display.
15. The dual-sided display of claim 1 , wherein a backplane of the panel is formed from a silicon complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS).
16. A display panel configured to display information, comprising:
a sparse array of micro light-emitting diodes (microLEDs) configured to provide light to be viewed on opposing sides of the panel;
a darkening layer disposed on each side of the array, each darkening layer configured to provide selectable darkening to block light from exiting the panel and configured to be independently activatable between a transparent mode and an opaque mode;
a sensor configured to make a determination as to a condition of a detection of a user presence and receipt of a user input on a side of the display; and
a processor configured to control each darkening layer to provide the selectable darkening to an opposite side of the display as the side of the display at which the condition of the user presence is detected by and the receipt of the user input from the sensor.
17. The panel of claim 16 , wherein the array is disposed within a conformal transparent adhesive between a transparent backplane and a transparent substrate, the darkening layers disposed on an opposite surface of the transparent backplane and the transparent substrate as the array.