Separator for electrochemical cell
An electrochemical cell having one or more electrodes with TMCCC materials introduces improved performance by including a special separator having ceramics and/or a discrete multilayer construction. TMCCC materials with no surface modifications, and existing electrolytes with no composition modifications are combined with a different grade of separator to improve cell performance.
1. An electrochemical cell, comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode;
a liquid electrolyte disposed in electrochemical communication with said electrodes; and
a separator disposed in said liquid electrolyte and between said electrodes, said separator including a ceramic composition;
wherein one of said electrodes includes a coordination compound; and
wherein said coordination compound includes d identifying as a quantity of non-coordinated water; wherein d>0; and
wherein said coordination compound includes a transition metal cyanide coordination compound identified by Formula I, by AaPb[R(CN)6]c(H2O)n wherein A identifies as one or more alkali cations and R represents one or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations; wherein 0.5<c<1; wherein a, b, and c are related based on electrical neutrality; and wherein n=6*(1−z)+d, and wherein n>0; wherein 6*(1−z) identifies as a quantity of lattice bound water; wherein 0≤a≤2, and b=1; and
wherein P represents two or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations and further includes two or more different transition metal species.
2. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein said ceramic composition includes a material identifying as M x O y H z , with x, y, z identifying quantities of a metal (M), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H); wherein x≥1; wherein y≥x+z/2 and y≤3x+z/2; and wherein z≥0 and z≤y.
3. The electrochemical cell of claim 2 wherein M includes at least one of aluminum or silicon.
4. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein said ceramic composition includes particles having sizes <100 nm.
5. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein said separator includes two or more discrete layers, including a first layer consisting essentially of one or more polymers, and a second layer consisting essentially of a ceramic composition.
6. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein said separator is configured to include a mass loading greater than 1 gram per square meter of the ceramic composition.
7. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein P includes either Fe or Mn.
8. An electrochemical cell, comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode;
a liquid electrolyte disposed in electrochemical communication with said electrodes; and
a separator disposed in said liquid electrolyte and between said electrodes, said separator including a multilayer construction;
wherein one of said electrodes includes a coordination compound; and
wherein said coordination compound includes d identifying as a quantity of non-coordinated water; wherein d>0; and
wherein said coordination compound includes a transition metal cyanide coordination compound identified by Formula I, by A a P b [R(CN) 6 ] c (H 2 O) n wherein A identifies as one or more alkali cations and R represents one or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations; wherein 0.5<c<1; wherein a, b, and c are related based on electrical neutrality; and wherein n=6*(1−z)+d, and wherein n>0; wherein 6*(1−z) identifies as a quantity of lattice bound water; wherein 0≤a≤2, and b=1; and
wherein P represents two or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations and further includes two or more different transition metal species.
9. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein said multilayer construction includes particles having sizes <100 nm.
10. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein said separator includes two or more discrete layers, including a first layer consisting essentially of one or more polymers, and a second layer consisting essentially of a ceramic composition.
11. The electrochemical cell of claim 10 wherein said separator is configured to include a mass loading greater than 1 gram per square meter of the ceramic composition.
12. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein said separator is configured to include a mass loading greater than 1 gram per square meter of a ceramic composition included in the multilayer construction.
13. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein P includes either Fe or Mn.
14. A method for manufacturing an electrochemical cell, comprising:
producing a first electrode including a coordination compound;
producing a second electrode;
producing a liquid electrolyte;
producing a separator, said separator including a ceramic composition; and
assembling the electrochemical cell including electrochemically communicating said electrodes to said liquid electrolyte and disposing said separator between said electrodes;
wherein said coordination compound includes d identifying as a quantity of non-coordinated water; wherein d>0; and
wherein said coordination compound includes a transition metal cyanide coordination compound identified by Formula I, by A a P b [R(CN) 6 ] c (H 2 O) n wherein A identifies as one or more alkali cations and R represents one or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations; wherein 0.5<c<1; wherein a, b, and c are related based on electrical neutrality; and wherein n=6*(1−z)+d, and wherein n>0; wherein 6*(1−z) identifies as a quantity of lattice bound water; wherein 0≤a≤2, and b=1; and
wherein P represents two or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations and further includes two or more different transition metal species.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said ceramic composition includes a material identifying as M x O y H z , with x, y, z identifying quantities of a metal (M), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H); wherein x≥1; wherein y≥x+z/2 and y≤3x+z/2; and wherein z≥0 and z≤y.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein said separator includes two or more discrete layers, including a first layer consisting essentially of one or more polymers, and a second layer consisting essentially of a ceramic composition.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein said separator is configured to include a mass loading greater than 1 gram per square meter of a ceramic composition.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein P includes either Fe or Mn.
19. A method for manufacturing an electrochemical cell, comprising:
producing a first electrode including a coordination compound;
producing a second electrode;
producing a liquid electrolyte;
producing a separator, said separator including a discrete multilayer composition; and
assembling the electrochemical cell including electrochemically communicating said electrodes to said liquid electrolyte and disposing said separator between said electrodes; and
wherein said coordination compound includes d identifying as a quantity of non-coordinated water; wherein d>0; and
wherein said coordination compound includes a transition metal cyanide coordination compound identified by Formula I, by A a P b [R(CN) 6 ] c (H 2 O) n wherein A identifies as one or more alkali cations and R represents one or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations; wherein 0.5<c<1; wherein a, b, and c are related based on electrical neutrality; and wherein n=6*(1−z)+d, and wherein n>0; wherein 6*(1−z) identifies as a quantity of lattice bound water; wherein 0≤a≤2, and b=1; and
wherein P represents two or more divalent or trivalent transition metal cations and further includes two or more different transition metal species.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein said multilayer construction includes a material identifying as M x O y H z , with x, y, z identifying quantities of a metal (M), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H)); wherein x≥1; wherein y≥x+z/2 and y≤3x+z/2; and wherein z≥0 and z≤y.
21. The method of claim 19 wherein said separator includes two or more discrete layers, including a first layer consisting essentially of one or more polymers, and a second layer consisting essentially of a ceramic composition.
22. The method of claim 19 wherein P includes either Fe or Mn.