METHODS OF IMPROVING PRODUCTION OF MORPHINAN ALKALOIDS AND DERIVATIVES
Methods and engineered cells are provided for increasing activity of a norcoclaurine synthase in a microbial cell. The method comprises, within the engineered microbial cell, contacting an engineered norcoclaurine synthase with a substrate, wherein contacting the substrate with the engineered norcoclaurine synthase increases conversion, within the engineered microbial cell, in comparison to a non-engineered norcoclaurine synthase.
1 . A method of producing a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) product in an engineered host cell the method comprising:
(a) expressing an engineered norcoclaurine synthase in the engineered host cell;
(b) contacting the engineered norcoclaurine synthase with a BIA-precursor substrate; and
(c) producing the BIA product within the host cell;
wherein the engineered norcoclaurine synthase comprises an N-terminal truncation and/or one or more amino acid mutations compared to a non-engineered wild-type norcoclaurine synthase, and has increased condensation activity compared to a non-engineered norcoclaurine synthase; and
wherein the engineered host cell produces more BIA product than a non-engineered host cell.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered norcoclaurine synthase comprises an N-terminal truncation compared to a non-engineered wild-type norcoclaurine synthase.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered norcoclaurine synthase comprises one or more amino acid mutations compared to a non-engineered wild-type norcoclaurine synthase.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered norcoclaurine synthase comprises at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, or 82.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered norcoclaurine synthase comprises at least one amino acid mutation at one or more residue positions selected from the group consisting of amino acid residue 70, 81, 91, 101, 104, 147, 149, 151, and 155 with reference to the amino acid sequence of SEQ. ID. NO: 70.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered host cell produces a BIA selected from the group consisting of benzylisoquinolines, promorphinans, morphinans, protoberberines, protopines, benzophenanthridines, secoberberines, phthalideisoquinolines, aporphines, bisbenzylisoquinolines, nal-opioids, and nor-opioids.
7 . An engineered host cell that produces a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) product, the engineered host cell comprising:
(i) one or more engineered biosynthetic enzymes that reduces accumulation of one or more byproducts that inhibits the production of the BIA product; and/or
(ii) an inactivation of one or more genes that results in the reduction of accumulation of one or more byproduct that inhibits the production of the BIA product.
8 . The engineered host cell of claim 7 , wherein the one or more engineered biosynthetic enzymes comprises at least one amino acid modification compared to a non-engineered wild-type biosynthetic synthase.
9 . The engineered host cell of claim 7 , wherein the inactivation of one or more genes occurs in one or more genes that encodes an enzyme selected from the group consisting of aromatic aminotransferase (ARO8), aromatic aminotransferase (ARO9), phenylpyruvate decarboxylase (ARO10), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC1), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC5), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC6), aldehyde reductase (ARI1), alcohol acetyltransferase 1 (ATF1), alcohol acetyltransferase 2 (ATF2), octanoyl-coenzyme A:ethanol acyltransferase (EHT1), acyl-coenzyme A:ethanol O-acyltransferase (EEB1), (putative) aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (AAD3), NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase (YPR1), 3-methylbutanal reductase and NADPH-dependent methylglyoxal reductase (GRE2), alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2), alcohol dehydrogenase 3 (ADH3), alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (ADH4), alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (ADH5), alcohol dehydrogenase 6 (ADH6), alcohol dehydrogenase 7 (ADH7), aldehyde reductase (YDR541c), branched-chain amino-acid aminotransferase (BAT2), hexadecenal dehydrogenase (HFD1), prephenate dehydrogenase (TYR1), and prephenate dehydratase (PHA2).
10 . The engineered host cell of claim 7 , wherein the one or more engineered biosynthetic enzymes is selected from the group consisting of (4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde synthase (HPAAS), aspartate-prephenate aminotransferase (PAT), arogenate dehydratase (ADT), arogenate dehydrogenase (AAT), phosphoketolase (PK), and Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucosyltransferase (UGT).