Powdered material (P) containing polyamide (PA) polymer and its use for additive manufacturing
The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a three-dimensional (3D) article, part or composite material, from a powdered material (M) comprising a polyamide (PA) presenting 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane moieties, as well as to such powdered material (M). The present invention also relates to the 3D article, part or composite material obtainable from such process, as well as the use of the article, part or composite materials in oil and gas applications, automotive applications, electric and electronic applications, aerospace, medical and consumer goods.
1 . A process for manufacturing a three-dimensional (3D) article, part or composite material, comprising:
a) depositing successive layers of a powdered material (M) comprising at least one polyamide (PA) polymer consisting of or consisting essentially of repeat units (R PA ) comprising a 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane moiety and according to formula (I):
wherein
n varies between 11 and 18,
at least 30 mol. % of the 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane moiety is in a trans/trans configuration, based on the total number of moles of the 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane moiety in the PA,
b) printing layers prior to deposition of the subsequent layer.
2 . The process of claim 1 , wherein step b) comprises selective sintering by means of an electromagnetic radiation of the powder.
3 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA is the condensation product of a reaction mixture comprising:
4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane (PACM) of formula (II):
wherein at least 30 mol. % of the PACM is in a trans/trans configuration, based on the total number of moles of PACM in the reaction mixture, and
a diacid of formula (III):
or derivative thereof,
wherein n varies between 11 and 18.
4 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA is such that at least 30 mol. % and less than 50 mol. % of the 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane moiety is in a trans/trans configuration, based on the total number of moles of the 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmethane moiety in the PA.
5 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a melting point (Tm) of at most 255° C., when determined on the 2 nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
6 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 90° C., when determined on the 2nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
7 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a water uptake at saturation, by immersion in water at 23° C. of less than 4 wt. %.
8 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA is in a powder form, having a d 50 -value ranging between 5 and 80 μm, as measured by laser scattering in isopropanol.
9 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a melting point (Tm) of at most 250° C., when determined on the 2 nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
10 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 100° C., when determined on the 2 nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
11 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the additive manufacturing is selected from selective laser sintering (SLS), composite-based additive manufacturing technology (“CBAM”) or multi jet fusion (MJF).
12 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a melting point (Tm) of at most 255° C. and of at least 180° C., when determined on the 2 nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
13 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a melting point (Tm) of at most 235° C. and of at least 190° C., when determined on the 2 nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
14 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 90° C. and of at most 170° C., when determined on the 2 nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
15 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the PA has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 110° C. and of at most 160° C., when determined on the 2 nd heat scan in differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO11357, using heating and cooling rates of 20° C./min.
16 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the powdered material has:
a d 10 -value of higher than 0.1 μm,
a d 50 -value ranging between 5 and 80 μm,
a d 90 -value of less than 150 μm, and
a d 99 -value of less than 195 μm,
as measured by laser scattering in isopropanol.