Glazing unit with electrically controllable optical properties having a plurality of independent switching regions
A glazing unit with electrically controllable optical properties having multiple independent switching regions includes a laminated glass pane with an electrically controllable functional element and a control unit to control the optical properties of the functional element. The functional element has an active layer with electrically controllable optical properties between a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode. The first planar electrode is subdivided by at least one insulation line into at least two separate electrode segments, wherein a voltage is applicable independently between each electrode segment of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode in order to control the optical properties of the section of the active layer located between them. The control unit is adapted to apply an AC voltage between at least two electrode segments of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode, wherein the AC voltages are phase-shifted.
1. A glazing unit with electrically controllable optical properties having a plurality of independent switching regions, comprising:
a laminated glass pane, comprising
an outer pane and an inner pane, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer,
an electrically controllable functional element which is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and has an active layer having electrically controllable optical properties between a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode,
a control unit adapted to control the optical properties of the electrically controllable functional element,
wherein the first planar electrode is subdivided by at least one insulation line into at least two separate electrode segments,
wherein each electrode segment of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode are electrically connected to the control unit, so that an AC voltage is applicable independently between each electrode segment of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode in order to control the optical properties of the section of the active layer located between them,
wherein the control unit is adapted to apply an AC voltage between at least two electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, wherein the AC voltages are phase-shifted.
2. The glazing unit according to claim 1 , wherein the electrically controllable functional element is a PDLC functional element or an SPD functional element.
3. The glazing unit according to either claim 1 , wherein the control unit
is connected to a DC voltage source with a primary voltage,
is optionally equipped with a DC-DC converter which is adapted to convert the primary voltage into a higher secondary voltage, and
is equipped with a plurality of inverters which are adapted to convert the primary voltage or the secondary voltage into an AC voltage.
4. The glazing unit according to claim 3 , wherein a number of inverters corresponds to a number of electrode segments of the first planar electrode, and wherein each inverter is connected to exactly one electrode segment of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and to the second planar electrode, on the other hand.
5. The glazing unit according to claim 3 , wherein a number of inverters exceeds a number of electrode segments of the first planar electrode by 1, and wherein each electrode segment of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode are connected in each case to a separate inverter.
6. The glazing unit according to claim 1 , wherein the AC voltage is a sinusoidal voltage.
7. The glazing unit according to claim 1 , wherein the first planar electrode is subdivided by at least two insulation lines into at least three separate electrode segments.
8. The glazing unit according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second planar electrodes are formed on the basis of indium tin oxide (ITO) or silver.
9. The glazing unit according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one insulation line has a width of 5 μm to 500 μm.
10. A method comprising providing a glazing unit according to claim 1 as a window pane of a vehicle.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the window pane is a windshield or roof panel.
12. A method for controlling a glazing unit with electrically controllable optical properties having a plurality of independent switching regions,
wherein the glazing unit comprises
a laminated glass pane, comprising
an outer pane and an inner pane, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer,
an electrically controllable functional element which is arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane and has an active layer having electrically controllable optical properties between a first planar electrode and a second planar electrode,
a control unit adapted to control the optical properties of the electrically controllable functional element,
wherein the first planar electrode is subdivided by at least one insulation line into at least two separate electrode segments,
wherein each electrode segment of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode are electrically connected to the control unit, so that an AC voltage is applicable independently between each electrode segment of the first planar electrode and the second planar electrode in order to control the optical properties of the section of the active layer located between them,
the method comprising applying an AC voltage between at least two electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, wherein the AC voltages are phase-shifted.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein an AC voltage is applied in each case between n electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, wherein n is an integer, and wherein
if n is an even number, an AC voltage with a first phase is applied between n/2 electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, and an AC voltage with a second phase is applied between n/2 electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, and
if n is an odd number, an AC voltage with a first phase is applied between (n+1)/2 electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, and an AC voltage with a second phase is applied between (n−1)/2 electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand,
and wherein the first phase and the second phase have a 180° phase shift.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the AC voltages between directly adjacent electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, each have a 180° phase shift.
15. The method according to claim 12 , wherein an AC voltage with a separate phase is applied in each case between n electrode segments of the first planar electrode, on the one hand, and the second planar electrode, on the other hand, wherein n is an integer, and wherein the AC voltages have a phase shift of 360°/n amongst each other or an integer multiple thereof.
16. The method according to claim 12 , wherein an electrical switching potential which is variable over time is applied to each electrode segment of the first planar electrode and a reference potential which is constant over time is applied to the second planar electrode in order to produce the AC voltage.