FIXED POINT NUMBER REPRESENTATION AND COMPUTATION CIRCUITS
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for storing digital information into nucleic acid molecules in various ways. Digital information may be received as a sting of symbols, wherein each symbol in the string of symbols has a symbol value and a symbol position within the string of symbols. A first identifier nucleic acid molecule may be formed by depositing M selected component nucleic acid molecules into a compartment, the M selected component nucleic acid molecules being selected from a set of distinct component nucleic acid molecules that are separated into M different layers, and physically assembling the M selected component nucleic acid molecules. A plurality of identifier nucleic acid molecules may be formed, each corresponding to a respective symbol position. The identifier nucleic acid molecules may be formed in a pool having powder, liquid, or solid form.
1 . A method for writing information into nucleic acid sequences, the method comprising:
obtaining a first fixed point number;
obtaining a library of component nucleic acid sequences defining a combinatorial space of identifier nucleic acid sequences each comprising an ordered subset of the component nucleic acid sequences;
identifying a first subset of identifier nucleic acid sequences in the combinatorial space as a first codeword having a codeword size corresponding to the number of identifier nucleic acid sequences in the first subset;
forming a first set of one or more identifier nucleic acid molecules having distinct identifier nucleic acid sequences of the first subset, wherein a ratio of the number of distinct identifier nucleic acid sequences represented in the first set to the codeword size approximates the first fixed point number.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the library of component nucleic acid sequences comprises a plurality of layers, each layer comprising a subset of the component nucleic acid sequences, and wherein each identifier nucleic acid sequences comprises one component nucleic acid sequence from each layer.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first fixed point number has a value x, wherein the codeword size is w, and k identifier nucleic acid molecules are formed in the first set, such that the ratio is k/w and approximately equals x.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein k/w is within plus or minus 20% of x.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the codeword size is at least 8.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the codeword size is at least 256.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the codeword size is at least 512.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the codeword size is at least 1024.
9 . The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising:
obtaining a second fixed point number;
identifying a second subset of identifier nucleic acid sequences in the combinatorial space as a second codeword having the codeword size of the first codeword and corresponding to the number of identifier nucleic acid sequences in the second subset; and
forming a second set of one or more identifier nucleic acid molecules having distinct identifier nucleic acid sequences of the second subset, wherein a ratio of the number of distinct identifier nucleic acid sequences in the second set to the codeword size approximates the second fixed point number.
10 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising adding the first fixed point number and the second fixed point number by:
pooling the first set and the second set to obtain a sum pool; and
diluting the pooled sets to obtain a scaled sum pool.
11 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising multiplying the first fixed point number and the second fixed point number by:
pooling the first set and the second set to obtain a factor pool; and
applying a chemical AND operation to the first and second sets of identifier nucleic acid molecules to obtain a product pool.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the chemical AND operation comprises:
converting the identifier nucleic acid molecules to single-stranded identifier nucleic acid molecules;
hybridizing complementary identifier nucleic acid molecules; and
selecting fully hybridized double-stranded nucleic acid molecules to obtain the product pool.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein selecting comprises using at least one of an enzyme that selectively degrades single-stranded nucleic acid molecules or an enzyme that selectively degrades double-stranded nucleic acid molecules having sequence mismatches.
14 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
pooling the first set and the second set to obtain a factor pool; and
applying a chemical OR operation to the first and second sets of identifier nucleic acid molecules to obtain a product pool.
15 . The method of claim 14 , comprising mixing the first set and the second set.
16 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
pooling the first set and the second set to obtain a factor pool; and
applying a chemical NIMPLY operation to the first and second sets of identifier nucleic acid molecules to obtain a product pool.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the chemical NIMPLY operation comprises
converting the identifier nucleic acid molecules to single-stranded identifier nucleic acid molecules, the single-stranded identifier nucleic acid molecules of the second set comprising an affinity tag;
providing a molar excess of single-stranded identifier nucleic acid molecules of the second set;
hybridizing complementary identifier nucleic acid molecules; and
selecting fully hybridized double-stranded nucleic acid molecules to obtain the product pool using a specific capture mechanism against the affinity tag.
18 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
pooling the first set and the second set to obtain a factor pool; and
applying a chemical NOT operation to the first and second sets of identifier nucleic acid molecules to obtain a product pool.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the chemical NOT operation comprises:
converting the identifier nucleic acid molecules to single-stranded identifier nucleic acid molecules, the single-stranded identifier nucleic acid molecules of the first set comprising an affinity tag;
providing a molar excess of single-stranded identifier nucleic acid molecules of the first set;
hybridizing complementary identifier nucleic acid molecules; and
selecting fully hybridized double-stranded nucleic acid molecules to obtain the product pool using a specific capture mechanism against the affinity tag.
20 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
pooling the first set and the second set to obtain a factor pool; and
applying a chemical XOR operation to the first and second sets of identifier nucleic acid molecules to obtain a product pool.
21 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the chemical XOR operation comprises:
performing two NIMPLY operations followed by an OR operation.