Fluxgate current transducer
Fluxgate current transducer including a control circuit and a fluxgate measuring device comprising a fluxgate magnetic field detector, the fluxgate magnetic field detector comprising a saturable soft magnetic core surrounded by an excitation coil, the control circuit comprising an excitation coil drive circuit connected to the excitation coil and a controller connected to the excitation coil drive circuit configured to generate an alternating excitation current I fx to alternatingly saturate the soft magnetic core. The controller is in the form of a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) comprising at least one input comprising a 1 bit sigma delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to the excitation coil to receive a measurement signal output by the excitation coil.
1 . A fluxgate current transducer including a control circuit and a fluxgate measuring device comprising a fluxgate magnetic field detector, the fluxgate magnetic field detector comprising a saturable soft magnetic core surrounded by an excitation coil, the control circuit comprising an excitation coil drive circuit connected to the excitation coil and a controller connected to the excitation coil drive circuit configured to generate an alternating excitation current I fx to alternatingly saturate the soft magnetic core, wherein the controller is in the form of a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) comprising a plurality of input circuit portions, each comprising a 1 bit sigma delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to the excitation coil to receive a measurement signal output by the excitation coil, each input circuit portion comprising a LVDS (low voltage differential signaling) comparator input of the FPGA, wherein bit stream output signals of said 1 bit sigma delta analog-to-digital converters are added before being fed into a digital filter.
2 . The fluxgate current transducer according to claim 1 , wherein the 1 bit sigma delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) comprises a first resistor (R 1 ) connected in series to a first input of the LVDS, a first capacitor (C 1 ) connected between a reference potential and the first input, and a feedback loop from an output of the LVDS and the first input, the feedback loop comprising a 1 bit DAC and second resistor (R 2 ).
3 . The fluxgate current transducer according to claim 1 , wherein the FPGA comprises a 1 bit sigma delta digital-to-analog (DAC) output connected to the excitation coil via a RC filter to supply a voltage control signal that is fed into an amplifier of the excitation coil drive circuit to supply the excitation coil of the fluxgate detector with an alternating excitation current.
4 . The fluxgate current transducer according to claim 1 , further comprising a compensation coil and the control circuit comprises a compensation coil drive circuit to supply the compensation coil of the fluxgate measuring device with a compensation current Is seeking to cancel the magnetic field of a primary current Ip, the FPGA comprising a 1 bit sigma delta digital-to-analog (DAC) output connected to the compensation current coil via an RC filter to supply a voltage control signal to the compensation coil drive circuit.
5 . The fluxgate current transducer according to claim 1 , further comprising a ripple cancellation coil and the control circuit comprises a ripple cancellation coil drive circuit to supply the compensation coil of the fluxgate measuring device with a compensation current Is seeking to cancel the magnetic field of a primary current Ip, the FPGA comprising a 1 bit sigma delta digital-to-analog (DAC) output connected to the ripple current cancellation coil via an RC filter to supply a voltage control signal to the ripple cancellation coil drive circuit.
6 . The fluxgate current transducer according to claim 1 , wherein the FPGA comprises an excitation voltage control circuit portion configured to generate an excitation voltage control signal Ve for the excitation coil having a trapezoidal shaped waveform.
7 . A method of operating a fluxgate current transducer according to claim 1 , wherein the method includes generating an excitation signal for the excitation coil of the fluxgate magnetic field detector as a trapezoidal shaped waveform.
8 . The method according to claim 7 , wherein the trapezoidal shaped waveform is generated using a fluxgate excitation lookup table stored in a memory of the FPGA.