Ground anchor assembly including high-load ground anchor and method of using same
A ground anchor assembly including high-load ground anchor and method of using same is disclosed. For example, the presently disclosed high-load ground anchor assembly may include a load-bearing top cap tethered to the ground anchor via a cable tendon. In some embodiments, the ground anchor may include a substantially cylindrical body that has a tapered piercing end and a flat driving end and wherein the flat driving end has a central driving hole. Additionally, the high-load ground anchor may include a pair of outwardly extending side wings along one side of the body and a raised securing portion on the side of body opposite the side wings. Further, a method of installing the presently disclosed ground anchor assembly including the high-load ground anchor is provided.
1 . A ground anchor assembly comprising:
a top cap including a cable grip portion with a cable grip mechanism installed therein, wherein the cable grip portion is a compartment or housing extending to one side of the top cap and perpendicular to a plane of the top cap, including at least one ball bearing disposed within the compartment or housing, and
wherein the top cap comprises a load-bearing face plate that has an arrangement of openings that allow vegetation to grow through top cap and a sloped transition portion leading to the cable grip portion;
a ground anchor formed from a cylindrical body with a tapered piercing end and a flat driving end; and,
a cable tendon tethered between the cable grip portion of the top cap and the ground anchor,
wherein the cable grip mechanism comprises a spring, a spring cap comprising a cable exit opening, a wedge component comprising a cable entrance opening, the at least one ball bearing located at the end of the spring on a same side as the cable entrance opening of the wedged component and a release pin opening located near the ball bearing, and,
wherein the spring cap is octagonal shaped and is provided with screws for tightening onto the cable tendon to fix the cable to the top cap.
2 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the sloped transition portion and cable grip portion are substantially octagonal shaped thereby reducing stress concentrations and increasing gripping performance.
3 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cable grip mechanism comprises a keyhole-shaped shaft such that when the top cap is in use, the cable tendon extends through the keyhole-shaped shaft of the cable grip portion with an approach angle less than or equal to 10 degrees to the cable grip mechanism.
4 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 3 , wherein the keyhole shape of the shaft keeps cable grip mechanism components in a chamber separate from the cable tendon.
5 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the top cap includes a load-bearing face plate and wherein a key-hole shaped shaft of the cable grip portion is oriented transversely or vertically to the load-bearing face plate when the top cap is in use.
6 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the wedge component is spherical, cylindrical, wedge shaped or tapered.
7 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the wedge component continuously reduces in cross-section.
8 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cable tendon is entirely in contact with the cable grip mechanism.
9 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the release port aligns with the at least one ball bearing.
10 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cable grip mechanism comprises two ball bearings for spreading out the gripping force applied to the cable tendon by the cable grip mechanism.
11 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 10 , wherein one of the two ball bearings is smaller than the other.
12 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 11 , wherein the smaller ball bearing is located closer to a cable entrance opening of the cable grip mechanism than the larger ball bearing.
13 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 11 , wherein the smaller ball bearing is 10% smaller than the other ball bearing.
14 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 13 , wherein the size of the smaller ball bearing is determined by a tapering characteristic of the cable grip mechanism.
15 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 10 , wherein the cable tendon uses a 7×19 strand.
16 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the top cap is formed of at least one of a zinc alloy, a plastic, an aluminum, stainless steel, coated steel, and brass.
17 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the overall diameter of top cap may is about 101.7 mm and the overall depth of top cap is about 38 mm.
18 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cable grip mechanism provides a one-way stop.
19 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the size, shape, hardness, and surface finish of the at least one ball bearing is altered to modify grip performance of the at least one ball bearing.
20 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the top cap comprises at least one tab hole to allow the spring cap to be held in place without the use of transverse casting cores.
21 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the flat driving end has a central driving hole.
22 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the piercing end further comprises an arrangement of piercing end grooves and piercing end ribs.
23 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tapered piercing end is generally conical and wherein the piercing end ribs are equally distanced apart and terminate at a leading edge, wherein the leading edge has the plurality of piercing end grooves, which are symmetrical.
24 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the ground anchor comprises at least one outwardly extending side wing.
25 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 24 , comprising a pair of outwardly extending side wings lying within the same plane.
26 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the ground anchor comprises a raised securing portion.
27 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 26 , wherein the ground anchor further comprises at least one outwardly extending side wing lying in a plane transverse to the raised securing portion.
28 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 26 , wherein the raised securing portion comprises a thru-hole used for securing the cable tendon to the ground anchor.
29 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the ground anchor is formed from at least one of a zinc alloy, ductile iron, aluminum, stainless steel, and brass.
30 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the ground anchor has a bell-shaped cross-section.
31 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the ground anchor has a cleat-shaped footprint.
32 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the flat driving end is configured with a strike face inside a driving hole provided to the flat driving end or on an end of the substantially cylindrical body at the flat driving end.
33 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cable tendon is a ⅛-inch diameter zinc alloy-coated steel or steel cable.
34 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a drive rod for driving ground anchor into the ground.
35 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 34 , wherein the drive rod is configured to push against at least one strike face of the ground anchor, the at least one strike face located inside a driving hole of the ground anchor and/or on a flat driving end of the ground anchor.
36 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 34 , further comprising a rod tip.
37 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 36 , further comprising a flat shoulder portion, wherein the rod tip provides alignment of the drive rod during driving.
38 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 37 , wherein the flat shoulder portion is 0.1 to 0.2 inches wide.
39 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 37 , wherein the flat shoulder portion is 0.1 to 0.2 inches wide.
40 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 36 , wherein the driving rod is configured such that the flat shoulder portion strikes the flat driving end of the ground anchor without the rod tip striking the ground anchor during driving.
41 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 36 , wherein the overall length of the drive rod is 4 feet and the diameter of the drive rod is 0.5 to 1 inch and wherein the length of the rod tip is 2-3 inches and the diameter of the rod tip is 0.4 to 0.5 inches.
42 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 41 , wherein the rod tip tapers from 0.45 inches to 0.4 inches.
43 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 41 , wherein the rod tip tapers from 0.435 inches to 0.41 inches.
44 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 36 , wherein the overall length of the drive rod is 7 feet and the diameter of the drive rod is 0.5 to 1 inch and wherein the length of the rod tip is 4-5 inches and the diameter of the rod tip is 0.5 to 0.7 inches.
45 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 44 , wherein the rod tip tapers from 0.65 inches to 0.565 inches.
46 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 44 , wherein the flat shoulder portion is 0.1 to 0.2 inches wide.
47 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 36 , wherein the overall length of the drive rod is 7 feet and the diameter of the drive rod is 0.5 to 1 inch and wherein the length of the rod tip is 6-7 inches and the diameter of the rod tip is 0.5 to 0.7 inches.
48 . A method of installing a ground anchor assembly according to claim 1 , comprising:
providing the ground anchor assembly at a job site;
driving the ground anchor into the ground using a drive rod to impart percussion drive forces onto the ground anchor, with the attached cable tendon extending out of the ground;
passing a proximal end of the cable tendon through any layers of ground reinforcement materials;
threading the proximal end of the cable tendon through the top cap;
positioning the top cap atop the ground with the cable grip portion oriented towards the ground;
pushing the top cap into the ground until an underside of a load-bearing plate of the top cap presses against the ground;
tensioning the cable tendon until the desired cable tension is reached which turns the ground anchor orthogonal to the cable tendon direction, thereby mounting a resistance to pullout and setting the ground anchor in the ground; and,
securing the cable tendon.
49 . The method according to claim 48 , wherein the driving is achieved by inserting a rod tip of the drive rod into a driving hole in a driving end of the ground anchor.
50 . The method according to claim 48 , wherein the driving is achieved by applying the percussive force to a flat portion of the driving end of the ground anchor.
51 . The method according to claim 48 , wherein securing comprises locking the proximal end of the cable tendon to the top cap using the cable grip mechanism of the cable grip portion.
52 . The method according to claim 51 , further comprising cutting off excess cable tendon after the locking.
53 . The method according to claim 48 , securing comprises fastening the proximal end of the cable tendon to an object to be supported and/or stabilized.
54 . An anchor reinforced vegetation system, comprising:
a plurality of ground anchor assemblies according to claim 1 ; and,
a turf reinforcement mat through which the plurality of ground anchor assemblies is inserted positioning the high-performance turf reinforcement mat between the top caps of the ground anchor assemblies and the ground.
55 . A ground anchor assembly comprising:
a top cap including a cable grip portion, wherein the cable grip portion is a compartment or housing extending to one side of the top cap and perpendicular to a plane of the top cap, including at least one ball bearing disposed within the compartment or housing, wherein the top cap comprises a crush ridge and wherein the crush ridge follows around an outside circumference of a spring cap of the cable grip portion;
a ground anchor formed from a cylindrical body with a tapered piercing end and a flat driving end; and,
a cable tendon tethered between the cable grip portion of the top cap and the ground anchor.
56 . The ground anchor assembly of claim 55 , wherein the crush ridge is about twice the thickness of the spring cap.