Quantum dots and devices including the same
A quantum dot according to an embodiment includes a core including a first semiconductor nanocrystal including zinc, selenium, and tellurium and a semiconductor nanocrystal shell on the core, the semiconductor nanocrystal shell including a zinc chalcogenide, wherein the quantum dot does not include cadmium, the zinc chalcogenide includes zinc and selenium, the quantum dot further includes gallium and a primary amine having 5 or more carbon atoms, and the quantum dot is configured to emit light having a maximum emission peak in a range of greater than about 450 nanometers (nm) and less than or equal to about 480 nm by excitation light. A method of producing the quantum dot and an electronic device including the same are also disclosed.
1. A quantum dot comprising:
zinc,
selenium,
tellurium, and
sulfur,
and not comprising cadmium,
wherein the quantum dot further comprises gallium and a primary amine having 5 or more carbon atoms, and
the quantum dot is configured to emit light having a maximum emission peak in a range of greater than or equal to about 450 nanometers and less than or equal to about 480 nanometers by excitation light.
2. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the maximum emission peak has a full width at half maximum of less than about 33 nanometers.
3. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein a maximum emission peak wavelength of the quantum dot is greater than or equal to about 453 nanometers.
4. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor nanocrystal or the quantum dot does not comprise a Group III-V compound.
5. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of tellurium to selenium is greater than or equal to about 0.001:1 and less than or equal to about 0.05:1;
wherein in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of a sum of selenium and sulfur to zinc is greater than or equal to about 0.3:1 and less than or equal to about 1:1; and
wherein in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of sulfur to selenium is less than or equal to about 2:1.
6. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot comprises a core comprising a first semiconductor nanocrystal comprising zinc, selenium, and tellurium, and
a semiconductor nanocrystal shell on the core, the semiconductor nanocrystal shell comprising a zinc chalcogenide, and wherein the zinc chalcogenide comprises zinc and sulfur.
7. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein
in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of selenium to zinc is greater than or equal to about 0.46:1 and a mole ratio of sulfur to selenium is less than or equal to about 0.93:1, or
wherein in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of tellurium to zinc is less than or equal to about 0.02:1.
8. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot has an average decay time for the excitation light of less than or equal to about 50 nanoseconds, as determined by a time-resolved photoluminescence analysis.
9. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of gallium to zinc is greater than or equal to about 0.1:1 and less than about 1:1.
10. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein in a gas chromatography mass spectrometry, the quantum dot exhibits a peak of a primary carboxylic acid compound having 10 or more carbon atoms and a peak of the primary amine, and a peak intensity ratio of the peak of the primary amine to the peak of the primary carboxylic acid compound is greater than or equal to about 0.5:1.
11. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein in the photoluminescence analysis of the quantum dot, a ratio of a luminance intensity at 500 nanometers to an intensity at a maximum emission peak wavelength is less than or equal to about 0.1:1.
12. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot has a quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to about 75%.
13. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot has a 5% weight loss temperature of less than about 400° C., as determined by a thermogravimetric analysis, or
wherein in a thermogravimetric analysis, the quantum dot has an organic material content of less than or equal to about 12 weight percent, as determined by a thermogravimetric analysis.
14. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot has a full width at half maximum of less than or equal to about 33 nanometers and a quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to 80%.
15. An electroluminescent device comprising
a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other; and
a quantum dot emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the quantum dot emission layer comprising a plurality of quantum dots,
wherein the plurality of quantum dots comprises the quantum dot of claim 1 .
16. The electroluminescent device of claim 15 , wherein the electroluminescent device has a peak external quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to about 4%.
17. The electroluminescent device of claim 15 , wherein the electroluminescent device has a maximum luminance of greater than or equal to about 20,000 candelas per square meter.
18. An electronic device comprising the quantum dot of claim 1 .
19. The electronic device of claim 18 , wherein the electronic device is a display device, a light emitting diode, a quantum dot light emitting diode, an organic light emitting diode, a sensor, an imaging sensor, or a solar cell device.