CURRENT COLLECTOR AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF, SECONDARY BATTERY, AND APPARATUS
A current collector includes a current collector body and a lithiophilic layer applied on a surface of the current collector body. The lithiophilic layer has lithium affinity and comprises a lithiophilic material. The lithiophilic material comprises an internal structure and an external structure, and the internal structure is a cavity.
1 . A current collector, comprising:
a current collector body; and
a lithiophilic layer applied on a surface of the current collector body, wherein the lithiophilic layer has lithium affinity and comprises a lithiophilic material, the lithiophilic material comprises an internal structure and an external structure, and the internal structure is a cavity.
2 . The current collector according to claim 1 , wherein morphology of the external structure of the lithiophilic material comprises one or more selected from granular structure, linear structure, plate structure, spherical shape, and near-spherical shape.
3 . The current collector according to claim 1 , wherein an average thickness of the external structure of the lithiophilic material is 0.05-2 μm.
4 . The current collector according to claim 3 , wherein the average thickness of the external structure of the lithiophilic material is 0.1-1 μm.
5 . The current collector according to claim 1 , wherein a material of the external structure of the lithiophilic material comprises at least one of metal or metal oxide with lithium affinity.
6 . The current collector according to claim 5 , wherein the material of the external structure of the lithiophilic material comprises at least one of gold, silver, platinum, or silver oxide.
7 . The current collector according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the lithiophilic layer is 1-500 μm.
8 . The current collector according to claim 7 , wherein the thickness of the lithiophilic layer is 10-100 μm.
9 . The current collector according to claim 1 , wherein the current collector body comprises a metal foil.
10 . The current collector according to claim 9 , wherein the current collector body comprises a copper foil.
11 . A preparation method of a current collector, comprising:
providing a material with composite structure, wherein:
a material of an internal structure of the material with composite structure comprises a first metal, and a material of an external structure of the material with composite structure comprises at least one of a second metal or an oxide of the second metal with lithium affinity; and
the first metal is copper or a metal having an oxidation potential lower than an oxidation potential of copper, and the second metal comprises a metal having an oxidation potential is higher than an oxidation potential the first metal;
reacting the material with composite structure with an acid solution to form a lithiophilic material with lithium affinity, wherein the lithiophilic material comprises an internal structure and an external structure, and the internal structure of the lithiophilic material is a cavity; and
applying the lithiophilic material to a surface of a current collector body.
12 . The preparation method according to claim 11 , wherein the first metal comprises at least one of tin, zinc, iron, aluminum, or copper, and the second metal comprises at least one of gold, silver, or platinum.
13 . The preparation method according to claim 12 , wherein the material with composite structure comprises at least one of silver-coated tin powder, silver-coated zinc powder, silver-coated iron powder, silver-coated aluminum powder, silver-coated copper powder, gold-coated tin powder, gold-coated zinc powder, gold-coated iron powder, gold-coated aluminum powder, gold-coated copper powder, platinum-coated tin powder, platinum-coated zinc powder, platinum-coated iron powder, platinum-coated aluminum powder, or platinum-coated copper powder.
14 . The preparation method according to claim 11 , wherein based on a total weight of the material with composite structure, an amount of the second metal is 1 wt % to 10 wt %.
15 . The preparation method according to claim 11 , wherein a potential of the acid solution is between a potential of the internal structure of the material with composite structure and a potential of the external structure of the material with composite structure.
16 . The preparation method according to claim 15 , wherein the acid solution comprises at least one of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
17 . A secondary battery, comprising the current collector prepared by the preparation method according to claim 11 .
18 . An apparatus, comprising the secondary battery according to claim 17 .
19 . A secondary battery, comprising:
a current collector, comprising:
a current collector body; and
a lithiophilic layer applied on a surface of the current collector body, wherein the lithiophilic layer has lithium affinity and comprises a lithiophilic material, the lithiophilic material comprises an internal structure and an external structure, and the internal structure is a cavity.
20 . An apparatus, comprising the secondary battery according to claim 19 .