Analyzing hydrocarbon flow into multi-lateral wells by releasing tracers from the surface
Hydrocarbon flow into multi-lateral wells is analyzed by controlled release of tracers from the surface. Hydrocarbons flow into a lateral formed from a wellbore into a subterranean zone. A wellbore production tubing is installed within the wellbore and extends toward the lateral. The wellbore production tubing defines an annulus between an outer surface of the tubing and an inner wall of the wellbore. Hydrocarbons flowing from the lateral into the annulus flow within an internal volume defined by a body attached to the outer surface of the tubing. The hydrocarbons mix with tracers residing within the internal volume. A mixture of the hydrocarbons with the tracers flow out of the internal volume and towards the surface. At the surface, a concentration of the tracers in the mixture flowed to the surface is analyzed. Based on a result of the analyzing, properties of hydrocarbon flow into the lateral are determined.
1. A method comprising:
in a wellbore formed in a subterranean zone from a surface of the Earth, a lateral formed from the wellbore into the subterranean zone, hydrocarbons entrapped in the subterranean zone flowing into the lateral, a wellbore production tubing installed within the wellbore and extending toward the lateral, the wellbore production tubing defining an annulus between an outer surface of the wellbore production tubing and an inner wall of the wellbore:
flowing, within an internal volume defined by an elongated, ring-shaped body wrapped around the outer surface of the wellbore production tubing and through an inlet formed on a surface of the body, a portion of the hydrocarbons flowing from the lateral into the annulus, wherein the internal volume resides in the annulus defined by the wellbore production tubing;
mixing, within the internal volume, the portion of the hydrocarbons with tracers residing within the internal volume;
flowing, out of an outlet formed on the surface of the body and towards the surface, a mixture of the portion of the hydrocarbons with a portion of the tracers, wherein the mixture flows towards the surface in the annulus defined by the wellbore production tubing;
flowing the mixture from the annulus into the wellbore production tubing and towards the surface;
analyzing, at the surface, a concentration of the tracers in the mixture flowed to the surface; and
determining, based on a result of the analyzing, properties of hydrocarbon flow into the lateral.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein flowing the portion of the hydrocarbons within the internal volume defined by the body comprises attaching the body to the outer surface of the wellbore production tubing at a downhole location that is downstream of an inlet to the lateral.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the inlet formed on the surface of the body is downstream of the inlet to the lateral and the outlet formed on the surface of the body is downstream of the inlet formed on the surface of the body, wherein flowing the portion of the hydrocarbons within the internal volume comprises flowing the portion of the hydrocarbons into the inlet formed on the surface of the body.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising flowing the tracers into the internal volume before flowing the portion of the hydrocarbons into the inlet formed on the surface of the body.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising flowing the tracers from a reservoir at the surface through a flowline that extends from the surface to within the internal volume of the body.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising fluidically disposing a check valve in the flowline, the check valve configured to permit flow of the tracers within the internal volume through the flowline and to prevent flow out of the internal volume through the flowline.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein analyzing the concentration of the tracers in the mixture flowed to the surface comprises, after flowing the mixture into the wellbore production tubing:
shutting flow of the tracers into the internal volume; and
measuring a time rate of decay of the concentration of the tracers reaching the surface of the wellbore.
8. The method of claim 2 , wherein flowing the mixture into the wellbore production tubing and towards the surface comprises operating an inflow control valve to flow the mixture from the annulus into the wellbore production tubing.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein flowing, out of the internal volume and towards the surface, the mixture of the portion of the hydrocarbons with a portion of the tracers comprises increasing a duration for which the portion of the hydrocarbons resides within the internal volume before flowing the mixture out of the internal volume.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein increasing the duration comprises filling the internal volume with porous beads between the inlet formed on the surface of the body and the outlet formed on the surface of the body.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein increasing the duration comprises positioning a plurality of baffles within the internal volume between the inlet formed on the surface of the body and the outlet formed on the surface of the body.
12. An apparatus comprising:
a body defining an internal volume, the body configured to be attached to an outer surface of a wellbore production tubing in an annulus defined by the outer surface of the wellbore production tubing and an inner wall of a wellbore formed in a subterranean zone from a surface of the Earth, a lateral formed in the subterranean zone, wherein hydrocarbons entrapped in the subterranean zone flow into the lateral, into the annulus and towards the surface;
an inlet to and outlet from the internal volume, each defined on a surface of the body, wherein, when the body is attached to the outer surface of the wellbore production tubing with the inlet nearer to the lateral than the outlet, the inlet allows at least a portion of the hydrocarbons to enter the internal volume and the outlet allows at least the portion of the hydrocarbons to exit the internal volume, wherein the outlet is configured to flow the portion of the hydrocarbons into the annulus defined by the outer surface of the wellbore production tubing;
a dosing line extending from the surface to within the internal volume, the dosing line configured to flow fluid from the surface to the body; and
a tracer configured to be flowed into the internal volume from the surface through the dosing line, at least a portion of the tracer configured to mingle with at least the portion of the hydrocarbons that enter the internal volume through the inlet and to flow out of the body and to the surface with at least the portion of the hydrocarbons that exit through the outlet, wherein a concentration of at least the portion of the tracer at the surface is indicative of a percentage of a total hydrocarbon flow coming into the lateral from the subterranean zone.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the body comprises a plurality of beads positioned within the internal volume, the plurality of beads forming a porous bed of beads between the inlet and the outlet, wherein the tracer is distributed across the porous bed of beads.
14. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the body comprises a plurality of baffles formed within the internal volume, a first end of each baffle attached to an inner surface of the body, a second end of each baffle extending away from the inner surface into the internal volume, the plurality of baffles defining a tortuous flow path between the inlet and the outlet.
15. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the body defines a ring shape with a hollow center, wherein the ring-shaped body is configured to be wrapped around the wellbore production tubing.
16. The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising a strap configured to attach the body to the outer surface of the wellbore production tubing.
17. The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising a check valve fluidically coupled to the dosing line, the check valve configured to permit fluid flow from the surface into the body and to prevent fluid flow out of the body.
18. A method comprising:
in a wellbore formed in a subterranean zone from a surface of the Earth, a lateral formed from the wellbore into the subterranean zone, hydrocarbons entrapped in the subterranean zone flowing into the lateral, a wellbore production tubing installed within the wellbore and extending toward the lateral, the wellbore production tubing defining an annulus between an outer surface of the wellbore production tubing and an inner wall of the wellbore:
flowing, within an internal volume defined by a body attached to the outer surface of the wellbore production tubing, a portion of the hydrocarbons flowing from the lateral into the annulus;
mixing, within the internal volume, the portion of the hydrocarbons with tracers residing within the internal volume;
flowing, out of the internal volume and towards the surface, a mixture of the portion of the hydrocarbons with a portion of the tracers;
flowing the mixture into the wellbore production tubing and towards the surface;
analyzing, at the surface, a concentration of the tracers in the mixture flowed to the surface by:
shutting flow of the tracers into the internal volume after flowing the mixture into the wellbore production tubing, and
measuring a time rate of decay of the concentration of the tracers reaching the surface of the wellbore; and
determining, based on a result of the analyzing, properties of hydrocarbon flow into the lateral.