Granted Patent B2

US 12,490,121 · App. 18/335,011 · Granted Dec 2, 2025

Inventors: Vishnu Vardhan Ratnam (Plano, TX); Rubayet Shafin (Allen, TX); Boon Loong Ng (Plano, TX); Peshal Nayak (Plano, TX)

Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

H04W24/02H04W84/12

Abstract

Claims (77)

1 . A non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD), comprising:

enhanced multi-link multi-radio (EMLMR) stations (STAs), each comprising a transceiver configured to form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD, wherein:

each of the links is configured to support a respective basic modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and number of spatial streams (NSS),

the links are EMLMR links configured to operate in an EMLMR mode of operation in which the EMLMR links support an enhanced MCS and NSS, and

a first of the EMLMR STAs, in the EMLMR mode of operation, is configured to conduct a first EMLMR frame exchange with a first of the APs over a first of the links; and

a processor operably coupled to the EMLMR STAs, the processor configured to control a behavior of other EMLMR STAs on other EMLMR links during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

2 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein:

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS, and

the processor is configured to control the other EMLMR STAs to not support downlink (DL) EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

3 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein:

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS, and

the processor is configured to control the other EMLMR STAs to support at least 1 NSS for DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

4 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein:

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS, and

the processor is configured to control the other EMLMR STAs to:

operate in a first mode and not support DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange; or

operate in a second mode and support 1 NSS for DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

5 . The non-AP MLD of claim 4 , wherein:

at least one of the EMLMR STAs is further configured to transmit, to the corresponding AP, a notification frame that includes:

an indication to transition into the EMLMR mode of operation before the first EMLMR frame exchange, and

an indication that the other EMLMR STAs will operate in either the first mode or the second mode during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

6 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein:

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS,

the processor is configured to control each of the other EMLMR STAs to support a respective number of NSS for DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange, and

at least one of the other EMLMR STAs is configured to transmit, to the corresponding AP before the first EMLMR frame exchange, a notification frame that indicates the respective number of NSS supported for DL EMLMR frame exchanges by the other EMLMR STAs.

7 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein:

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at a number of MCS and NSS that does not exceed the enhanced MCS and NSS, and

the processor is configured to control the other EMLMR STAs to refrain from initiating any uplink (UL) EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

8 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein:

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at a number of MCS and NSS that does not exceed the enhanced MCS and NSS, and

the processor is configured to control the other EMLMR STAs to support initiation of UL EMLMR frame exchanges such that end times of the UL EMLMR frame exchanges align with or end before an end time of the first EMLMR frame exchange.

9 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein:

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at a number of MCS and NSS that does not exceed the enhanced MCS and NSS,

the processor is configured to control each of the other EMLMR STAs to support the respective basic MCS and NSS for DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange, and

at least one of the other EMLMR STAs is further configured to transmit, to the corresponding AP during the first EMLMR frame exchange, a bigger frame that indicates that the at least one other EMLMR STA supports the respective basic MCS and NSS for DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

10 . The non-AP MLD of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine to operate the EMLMR STAs either in an enhanced mode or a basic mode for the first EMLMR frame exchange based on an indication in an initial frame transmitted by the AP MLD to initiate the first EMLMR frame exchange,

in the enhanced mode, control the first EMLMR STA to conduct the first EMLMR frame exchange at the enhanced MCS and NSS, and control the other EMLMR STAs to enter a doze state during the first EMLMR frame exchange, and

in the basic mode, control the first EMLMR STA to conduct the first EMLMR frame exchange at the basic MCS and NSS of the first link, and control each of the other EMLMR STAs to support the respective basic MCS and NSS for EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

11 . A method of wireless communication performed by a non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) that comprises enhanced multi-link multi-radio (EMLMR) stations (STAs) that each form a link with a corresponding AP of an AP MLD, the method comprising:

conducting a first EMLMR frame exchange between a first of the EMLMR STAs in an EMLMR mode of operation and a first of the APs over a first of the links, wherein each of the links supports a respective basic modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and number of spatial streams (NSS) and the links are EMLMR links that support an enhanced MCS and NSS in the EMLMR mode of operation; and

controlling a behavior of other EMLMR STAs on other EMLMR lurks during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

12 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

controlling the other EMLMR STAs to not support downlink (DL) EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange,

wherein the first EMLMR frame exchange is, conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS.

13 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

controlling the other EMLMR STAs to support at least 1 NSS for DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange,

wherein the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS.

14 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

controlling the other EMLMR STAs to:

operate in a first mode and not support DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange; or

operate in a second mode and support 1 NSS for EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange,

wherein the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS.

15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising:

transmitting, from at least one of the EMLMR STAs to the corresponding AP, a notification frame that includes:

an indication to transition into the EMLMR mode of operation before the first EMLMR frame exchange, and

an indication that the other EMLMR STAs will operate in either the first mode or the second mode during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

16 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

controlling each of the other EMLMR STAs to support a respective number of NSS for DL EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange; and

transmitting, from at least one of the other EMLMR STAs to the corresponding AP before the first EMLMR frame exchange, a notification frame that indicates the respective number of NSS supported for DL EMLMR frame exchanges by the other EMLMR STAs,

wherein the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at the enhanced MCS and NSS.

17 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

controlling the other EMLMR STAs to refrain from initiating any uplink (UL) EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange,

wherein the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at a number of MCS and NSS that does not exceed the enhanced MCS and NSS.

18 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

controlling the other EMLMR STAs to support initiation of UL EMLMR frame exchanges such that end times of the UL EMLMR frame exchanges align with or end before an end time of the first EMLMR frame exchange,

wherein the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted at a number of MCS and NSS that does not exceed the enhanced MCS and NSS.

19 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

determining to operate the EMLMR STAs either in an enhanced mode or a basic mode for the first EMLMR frame exchange based on an indication in an initial frame transmitted by the AP MLD to initiate the first EMLMR frame exchange; and

in the enhanced mode, controlling the first EMLMR STA to conduct the first EMLMR frame exchange at the enhanced MCS and NSS, and controlling the other EMLMR STAs to enter a doze state during the first EMLMR frame exchange; or

in the basic mode, controlling the first EMLMR STA to conduct the first EMLMR frame exchange at the basic MCS and NSS of the first link, and controlling each of the other EMLMR STAs to support the respective basic MCS and NSS for EMLMR frame exchanges during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

20 . A non-transitory computer-readable medium configured to store instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause a non-access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) to:

conduct a first enhanced multi-link multi-radio (EMLMR) frame exchange between the non-AP MLD and an AP MLD, wherein:

the non-AP MLD comprises EMLMR stations (STAs) that each form a link with a corresponding AP of the AP MLD,

each of the links supports a respective basic modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and number of spatial streams (NSS), and the links are EMLMR links that support an enhanced MCS and NSS in an EMLMR mode of operation, and

the first EMLMR frame exchange is conducted between a first of the EMLMR STAs in the EMLMR mode of operation and a first of the APs over a first of the links; and

control a behavior of other EMLMR STAs on other EMLMR links during the first EMLMR frame exchange.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (2)

References Cited (15)