Catheter with textured surface
A catheter can have a textured outer body surface with protrusions and/or indentations that can reduce friction between the outer body surface and vascular anatomy or an inner lumen of another catheter in contact with the outer body surface. The catheter can include protrusions and/or indentations on an inner lumen surface that can reduce friction between the inner lumen surface and an outer body surface of another catheter within the example catheter. The protrusions can be filled with a lubricant or vasodilating drug, and the protrusions can be configured to break to release the fluid in response to forces on the protrusion during navigation through vascular anatomy and/or an inner lumen of another catheter. The catheter can include a metallic tubular reinforcing layer with openings through which the protrusions and/or indentations extend and/or protrusions and/or indentations shaped into the reinforcing layer.
1. A catheter comprising:
a first tubular surface;
a second tubular surface opposite the first tubular surface;
a plurality of deformations each comprising an indentation on the first tubular surface and a corresponding protrusion on the second tubular surface opposite the indentation;
a metallic tubular reinforcing layer comprising a sidewall opening through which an inner liner and a braided wire support structure, disposed around the inner liner, protrude to shape at least one deformation of the plurality of deformations; and
an outer polymer layer disposed around the metallic tubular reinforcing layer,
wherein the plurality of deformations are shaped by the outer polymer layer,
wherein the plurality of deformations are positioned to introduce a flexibility gradient in the metallic tubular reinforcing layer with increasing flexibility of the metallic tubular reinforcing layer in a distal direction as defined by orientation of the catheter during treatment, and
wherein the metallic tubular reinforcing layer comprises ribbon cut segments.
2. The catheter of claim 1 ,
wherein the indentation and the corresponding protrusion of each of the plurality of deformations are respectively hemispherical in shape.
3. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first tubular surface is an interior surface of the catheter and the second tubular surface is an exterior surface of the catheter.
4. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first tubular surface is an exterior surface of the catheter and the second tubular surface is an interior surface of the catheter.
5. The catheter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first region of the catheter comprising at least a portion of the plurality of deformations spaced in a regular pattern; and
a second region lacking the plurality of deformations, being substantially smooth at least on an exterior surface of the catheter, and comprising an area sufficiently large to interrupt the regular pattern of the portion of the plurality of deformations in the first region,
wherein, when the exterior surface of the catheter including the first and second regions is applied to vascular tissue, contact between the second region and vascular tissue results in a higher coefficient of static friction compared to a coefficient of static friction between the first region and vascular tissue.
6. The catheter of claim 1 ,
wherein the metallic reinforcing layer is disposed around the braided wire support structure, and
wherein the plurality of deformations are shaped by the inner liner, the braided wire support structure, and the outer polymer layer.
7. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the metallic tubular reinforcing layer is shaped to form at least one of the plurality of deformations.
8. The catheter of claim 1 ,
wherein the sidewall opening comprises a circular shape comprising a circumference, and
wherein the at least one of the plurality of deformations protruding through the sidewall opening is a single deformation and comprises a hemispherical shape comprising a circumference about equal to that of the circumference of the circular shape of the sidewall opening.
9. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the sidewall opening comprises a helical shape circumscribing the catheter.
10. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of deformations is further shaped by the metallic tubular reinforcing layer.
11. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the metallic tubular reinforcing layer is cut from a single continuous hypotube.
12. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein one or more of a spacing, diameter, pitch, depth, diameter of a circular base of a deformation of the plurality of deformations, and height of the plurality of deformations are selected to introduce a flexibility gradient in the metallic tubular reinforcing layer with increasing flexibility of the metallic tubular reinforcing layer in a distal direction as defined by orientation of the catheter during treatment.
13. A catheter comprising:
an inner liner;
a braided wire support structure disposed around the inner liner;
a metallic tubular reinforcing layer disposed around the braided wire support structure;
an outer polymer layer disposed around the metallic tubular reinforcing layer and shaping an outer surface of the catheter; and
protrusions extending from the outer surface of the catheter,
wherein the protrusions are shaped by the inner liner, the braided wire support structure, and the outer polymer layer,
wherein the metallic tubular reinforcing layer comprises a sidewall opening through which the inner liner and the braided wire support structure protrude to shape at least one of the protrusions,
wherein the protrusions are positioned to introduce a flexibility gradient in the metallic tubular reinforcing layer with increasing flexibility of the metallic tubular reinforcing layer in a distal direction as defined by orientation of the catheter during treatment, and
wherein the metallic tubular reinforcing layer comprises ribbon cut segments.
14. The catheter of claim 13 ,
wherein the protrusions each comprise a hemispherical shape, and
wherein the protrusions are regularly spaced over at least a portion of the outer surface of the catheter.
15. The catheter of claim 14 , further comprising:
a plurality of smooth regions lacking the hemispherical protrusions and interrupting a spacing pattern of the hemispherical protrusions.
16. The catheter of claim 15 ,
wherein the smooth regions are on the outer surface of the catheter, and
wherein when applied to vascular tissue, the smooth regions result in a higher coefficient of static friction compared to the outer surface of the catheter having the spacing pattern of the hemispherical protrusions that is uninterrupted by the smooth regions.
17. The catheter of claim 13 , wherein the metallic tubular reinforcing layer is shaped to form at least one of the protrusions.
18. The catheter of claim 13 , wherein one or more of a spacing, diameter, pitch, diameter of a circular base of at least one of the protrusions, and height of the protrusions are selected to introduce a flexibility gradient in the metallic tubular reinforcing layer with increasing flexibility of the metallic tubular reinforcing layer in a distal direction as defined by orientation of the catheter during treatment.
19. The catheter of claim 13 , further comprising:
a plurality of fluid-filled cavities each respectively under one of the protrusions and shaped by the outer polymer layer, the fluid-filled cavities each being configured to rupture to release fluid from the cavity in response to stresses induced on the respective protrusion during an intravascular treatment.