ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, AND DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME
Disclosed are an electroluminescent device including a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other; a light-emitting layer disposed between the first and second electrodes; and an electron transport layer between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode; a production method thereof; and a display device including the same. The light-emitting layer includes a semiconductor nanoparticle, the electron transport layer includes a zinc oxide nanoparticle having a size of 1 nm or more to 15 nm or less, and the zinc oxide nanoparticle further includes magnesium and aluminum, and an amount of aluminum in the zinc oxide nanoparticle is greater than or equal to about 0.5 mol % and less than or equal to about 30 mol % based on a total amount of zinc, magnesium, and aluminum.
1 . An electroluminescent device comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other;
a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and
an electron transport layer disposed between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode,
wherein the light-emitting layer comprises a semiconductor nanoparticle,
wherein the electron transport layer comprises a zinc oxide nanoparticle,
wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle has a size of greater than or equal to about 1 nanometer and less than or equal to about 15 nanometers,
wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle further comprises magnesium and aluminum, and in the zinc oxide nanoparticle, an amount of aluminum is greater than or equal to about 0.5 mol % and less than or equal to about 30 mol %, based on total moles of zinc, magnesium, and aluminum.
2 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein
the semiconductor nanoparticle does not comprise cadmium.
3 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle, an amount of aluminum is greater than or equal to about 2.7 mol % and less than or equal to about 20 mol %, based on total moles of zinc, magnesium, and aluminum.
4 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle,
a mole ratio of aluminum to zinc (Al:Zn) is greater than or equal to about 0.01:1, and less than or equal to about 0.5:1; or
a mole ratio of magnesium to zinc (Mg:Zn) is greater than or equal to about 0.1:1, and less than or equal to about 0.7:1.
5 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle,
a mole ratio of aluminum to magnesium (Al:Mg) is greater than or equal to about 0.1:1 and less than or equal to about 1.5:1; or
a mole ratio of a sum of aluminum and magnesium to zinc [(Al+Mg):Zn] is greater than or equal to about 0.1:1 and less than or equal to about 1.5:1
6 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the electron transport layer is disposed adjacent to the light-emitting layer.
7 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in an X-ray diffraction analysis of the zinc oxide nanoparticle, a peak percentage defined by the following equation is greater than or equal to about 3%:
Peak
percentage
(
%
)
=
[
B
/
A
]
×
100
,
wherein A is a maximum intensity of a peak present in a 2 theta range of from about 65 degrees to about 75 degrees, and
wherein B is a maximum intensity of a peak present in a 2 theta range of from about 25 degrees to about 35 degrees.
8 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle further comprises a halogen.
9 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle further comprises an additional metal, and the additional metal comprises an alkali metal, Ca, Zr, W, Ga, Ti, Y, or a combination thereof.
10 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle is dispersible in a C1 to C10 alcohol solvent.
11 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 ,
wherein in a UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy analysis, the zinc oxide nanoparticle has a first absorption peak wavelength in a range of greater than or equal to about 310 nm and less than or equal to about 323 nm.
12 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 ,
wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle further comprises an alkali metal; and
wherein the alkali metal comprises potassium, rubidium, cesium, or a combination thereof, and
in the zinc oxide nanoparticle, a mole ratio of the alkali metal to the aluminum is greater than or equal to about 0.1:1 and less than or equal to about 1.5:1.
13 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 ,
wherein the electroluminescent device emits blue light when a voltage is applied;
wherein
the electroluminescent device has a maximum external quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to about 8 percent and less than or equal to about 40 percent, or
the electroluminescent device shows a maximum luminance of greater than or equal to about 80,000 candelas per square meter and less than or equal to about 500,000 candelas per square meter.
14 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 ,
wherein the electroluminescent device exhibits a T90 of greater than or equal to about 60 hours and less than or equal to about 1000 hours, as measured at an initial luminance of 650 nit.
15 . A display device comprising the electroluminescent device of claim 1 .
16 . The display device of claim 15 , wherein the display device is a handheld terminal device, a monitor, a notebook computer, a television, an electronic display board, a camera, or an electronic component for an automatic vehicle.
17 . A method of producing an electroluminescent device of claim 1 , the method comprising:
disposing the light-emitting layer on the first electrode;
applying a composition comprising a zinc oxide nanoparticle on the light-emitting layer to form the electron transport layer; and
disposing the second electrode on the electron transport layer to produce the electroluminescent device,
wherein a preparation of the zinc oxide nanoparticle comprises
admixing a zinc precursor, a magnesium precursor, and aluminum precursor with a first solvent and a second solvent to obtain a first solution;
adding a base to the first solution to form to the zinc oxide nanoparticle;
wherein a relative polarity difference between the first solvent and the second solvent is greater than or equal to about 0.25 and less than or equal to about 0.9.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the first solvent comprises a C1 to C10 alcohol solvent, and the second solvent comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C30 hydrocarbon solvent, a C3 to C10 ester solvent, chloroform, a C2 to C30 ketone solvent, dioxane, or a combination thereof.
19 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the base comprises an inorganic compound comprising an alkali metal; or
wherein the aluminum precursor comprises an aluminum halide.
20 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the obtaining of the first solution comprises adding the zinc precursor, the magnesium precursor, and the aluminum precursor into the first solvent to dissolve the precursors and adding the second solvent to a resulting mixture.