BIODEGRADABLE LABELS AND RESIN THEREFOR
A biodegradable label and a method for making the label. The biodegradable label includes from about 40 to about 99 weight percent of a polymer derived from random monomeric repeating units having a structure of wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 3 and a C 3 to C 19 alkyl group. The monomeric units having R 1 ═CH 3 is about 75 to about 99 mol percent of the polymer. A resin adapted for forming the label is also disclosed.
1 . A biodegradable label comprising:
from about 40 to about 99 weight percent of a poly(hydroxyalkanoate) copolymer derived from random monomeric repeating units having a structure of
wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 3 and a C 3 to C 19 alkyl group, wherein the copolymer comprises 75-99 mol % monomeric units having R 1 being CH 3 and the balance of monomeric units having R 1 being selected from C 3 to C 19 alkyl groups, wherein the poly(hydroxyalkanoate) copolymer comprises poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate (P3HB-co-P3HHx) and from about 20 to about 50 wt. % additional additives, wherein the additional additives comprise from about 0.1 to about 3 weight percent of at least one nucleating agent, and from about 0.05 to about 3 weight percent of a melt strength enhancer consisting essentially of a mixture of an organic peroxide and an oxazoline.
2 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label comprises from about 50 to about 80 weight percent of poly(hydroxyalkanoate) copolymer.
3 . (canceled)
4 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label further comprises from about 1.0 to about 15.0 weight percent of at least one poly(hydroxyalkanoate) comprising from about 25 to about 50 mole percent of a poly(hydroxyalkanoate) selected from the group consisting of poly(hydroxyhexanoate), poly(hydroxyoctanoate), poly(hydroxydecanoate), and mixtures thereof.
5 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label further comprises a terpolymer made up from about 75 to about 99.9 mole percent monomer residues of 3-hydroxybutyrate, from about 0.1 to about 25 mole percent monomer residues of 3-hydroxyhexanoate, and from about 0.1 to about 25 mole percent monomer residues of a third 3-hydoxyalkanoate selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxyoctanoate, 3-hydroxydecanoate, and mixtures thereof.
6 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the poly(hydroxyalkanoate) copolymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from about 50 thousand Daltons to about 2.5 million Daltons.
7 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the at least one nucleating agent is selected from the group consisting of erythritols, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritols, artificial sweeteners, stearates, sorbitols, mannitols, inositols, polyester waxes, nanoclays, polyhydroxybutyrate, boron nitride, and mixtures thereof.
8 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the additional additives further comprise from about 1 weight percent to about 15 weight percent of at least one plasticizer selected from the group consisting of sebacates; citrates; fatty esters of adipic acid, succinic acid, and glucaric acid; lactates; alkyl diesters; alkyl methyl esters; dibenzoates; propylene carbonate; caprolactone diols having a number average molecular weight from about 200 to about 10,000 g/mol; poly(ethylene) glycols having a number average molecular weight of about 400 to about 10,000 g/mol; esters of vegetable oils; long chain alkyl acids; adipates; glycerols; isosorbide derivatives or mixtures thereof; poly(hydroxyalkanoate) copolymers comprising at least 18 mole percent monomer residues of hydroxyalkanoates other than hydroxybutyrate; and mixtures thereof.
9 . (canceled)
10 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label further comprises from about 1 weight percent to about 50 weight percent of polymers selected from the group consisting of poly(lactic acid), poly(caprolactone), poly(ethylene sebacate), poly(butylene succinate), and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate), and copolymers and blends thereof.
11 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the additional additives further comprise from about 0.1 weight percent to about 3 weight percent of a fatty acid amide slip agent.
12 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label has Dyne levels of about 30 or greater without surface treatment of the biodegradable label.
13 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label is printable using common printing methods selected from the group consisting of flexographic printing, digital printing, and gravure printing.
14 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label is printable with water-based, solvent-based, and UV inks.
15 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable label is affixable to a bottle or package using a process selected from the group consisting of applying the biodegradable label with a shrinkage method and applying the biodegradable label with a hot melt adhesive, a cold adhesive, or a water-based adhesive.
16 . The biodegradable label of claim 1 , where the biodegradable label is applicable to a container using commercial labeling equipment.
17 . A method for making a biodegradable label from the poly(hydroxyalkanoate) copolymer of claim 1 , comprising forming the biodegradable label in a process selected from the group consisting of a film casting process and a film blowing process with or without polymer orientation.