IP Library Granted Patent US 12,383,506
Granted Patent B2
US 12,383,506 · App. 18/416,548 · Granted Aug 12, 2025

Compositions for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Inventors: David Lickrish (Camana Bay, KY); Feng Zhang (Pflugerville, TX)
Assignee: Ironshore Pharmaceuticals & Development, Inc.
A61K9/5073A61K9/0053A61K9/1676A61K9/4808A61K9/4866A61K9/5015A61K9/5026A61K9/5042A61K9/5047A61K9/5078A61K9/5084A61K31/137A61K31/4458
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,383,506
App. No.
18/416,548
Granted
Aug 12, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Therapeutic compositions deliver a therapeutic amount of methylphenidate in a delayed and extended release formulation. The dosage form exhibits a lag time prior to release of from 6 to 8 hours or longer, followed by a sustained release period.

Claims (13)

1. A solid, oral pharmaceutical composition comprising a plurality of particles, each of the particles comprising:

a core comprising an effective amount of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutical salt thereof;

a sustained release layer; and

a delayed release layer;

wherein the composition comprising the plurality of particles provides at least a 6 hour lag time during which the composition releases no more than 5% of the total methylphenidate or a pharmaceutical salt thereof followed by a sustained release period with a median T max of about 12-16 hours when administered to healthy adults.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition provides at least an 8 hour lag time during which the composition releases no more than about 5% of the total methylphenidate or pharmaceutical salt thereof.

3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition provides at least a 10 hour lag time during which the composition releases no more than 10% of the total methylphenidate or a pharmaceutical salt thereof.

4. The solid, oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is contained in a capsule.

5. The solid, oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition provides pediatric or adolescent subjects having Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with a significant improvement compared to a placebo in Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and Pelham Scale (SKAMP) combined scores for a period from about 11 hours through about 23 hours after administration in the evening.

6. The solid, oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition provides pediatric or adolescent subjects having Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with a significant improvement compared to a placebo in ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS-IV) Total Score, Before School Functioning Questionnaire (BSFQ) score, and/or Parent Rating of Evening and Morning Behavior-Revised (PREMB-R AM) score when administered in the evening.

7. The solid, oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises 20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg or 100 mg of methylphenidate or a pharmaceutical salt thereof.

8. The solid, oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein, following the lag time, the remaining methylphenidate or a pharmaceutical salt thereof that is released from the composition is released during the sustained release period.

9. The solid, oral pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein when administered to a subject having Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the composition provides an improvement in an ADHD related behavior or cognitive ability.

Assignments (7)
RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Dec 23, 2025
From: BIOPHARMA CREDIT PLC
To: IRONSHORE PHARMACEUTICALS & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
Reel/Frame 073308/0416 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Dec 23, 2025
From: COLLEGIUM PHARMACEUTICAL, INC.; BIODELIVERY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL, INC.; IRONSHORE PHARMACEUTICALS & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
To: TRUIST BANK, A NORTH CAROLINA CHARTERED BANK
Reel/Frame 073302/0334 →
PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Sep 3, 2024
From: IRONSHORE PHARMACEUTICALS & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
To: BIOPHARMA CREDIT PLC
Reel/Frame 068826/0711 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 22, 2024
From: HIGHLAND THERAPEUTICS INC.
To: IRONSHORE PHARMACEUTICALS & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
Reel/Frame 066197/0263 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 22, 2024
From: ZHANG, FENG
To: FORMULATION TECHNOLOGIES, LLC DBA PHARMAFORM
Reel/Frame 066196/0493 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 22, 2024
From: LICKRISH, DAVID
To: IRONSHORE PHARMACEUTICALS & DEVELOPMENT, INC.
Reel/Frame 066196/0263 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 22, 2024
From: FORMULATION TECHNOLOGIES, LLC DBA PHARMAFORM
To: HIGHLAND THERAPEUTICS INC.
Reel/Frame 066196/0986 →
Continuity (14)
Continuation 17557524 · Dec 21, 2021
Continuation 17108710 · Dec 1, 2020
Division 16802742 · Feb 27, 2020
Continuation 16227932 · Dec 20, 2018
Continuation 15359202 · Nov 22, 2016
Continuation 15069734 · Mar 14, 2016
Continuation 14704836 · May 5, 2015
Continuation In Part 14589839 · Jan 5, 2015
Continuation 14230053 · Mar 31, 2014
Continuation In Part 13429292 · Mar 23, 2012
Provisional Application 61591129 · Jan 26, 2012
Provisional Application 61561763 · Nov 18, 2011
Provisional Application 61466684 · Mar 23, 2011
Related Publication 20240226023A1 · Jul 11, 2024
References Cited (232)
US 2838519A · Rometsch · 1958 [cited by applicant]
US 4309405A · Guley et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4687660A · Baker et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4904476A · Mehta et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4963365A · Samejima et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5137733A · Noda et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5260068A · Chen · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5266331A · Oshlack et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5496561A · Okada et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5508042A · Oshlack et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5549912A · Oshlack et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5656295A · Oshlack et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5658590A · Heiligenstein et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5837284A · Mehta et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5874090A · Baker et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5908850A · Zeitlin et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5958446A · Miranda et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6210705B1 · Mantelle et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6228398B1 · Devane et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6254887B1 · Miller et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6287599B1 · Burnside et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6322819B1 · Burnside et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6344215B1 · Bettman et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6348211B1 · Mantelle et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6355656B1 · Zeitlin et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6384020B1 · Flanner et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6500459B1 · Chhabra et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6524620B2 · Chen et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6528530B2 · Zeitlin et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6569456B2 · Faour et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6605300B1 · Burnside et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6627223B2 · Percel et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6635284B2 · Mehta et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6730325B2 · Devane et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6733789B1 · Stark et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6743182B2 · Miller et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6811794B2 · Burnside et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6898455B2 · Anderson et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6913768B2 · Couch · 2005 [cited by examiner]
US 6919373B1 · Lam et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6930129B2 · Lam et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7037260B2 · Keirsbilck et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7074420B2 · Miller et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7105486B2 · Mickle et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7108866B1 · Albert et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7195778B2 · Fleshner-Barak et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7223735B2 · Mickle et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7244769B2 · Epstein et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7348028B2 · Albert et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7431944B2 · Mehta et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7655630B2 · Mickle · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7659253B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7659254B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7662787B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7671030B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7671031B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7674774B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7678770B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7678771B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7687466B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7687647B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7691881B2 · Kato et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7700561B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7718619B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7723305B2 · Mickle et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7776314B2 · Bartholomaus et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7910128B2 · Chang et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7988993B2 · Dixit et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8916588B2 · Lickrish · 2014 [cited by examiner]
US 8927010B2 · Lickrish · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9023389B1 · Lickrish · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9028868B2 · Lickrish · 2015 [cited by examiner]
US 9034902B2 · Lickrish · 2015 [cited by examiner]
US 9119809B2 · Lickrish · 2015 [cited by examiner]
US 9283214B2 · Lickrish · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9289394B2 · Lickrish · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9498447B2 · Lickrish · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9511032B2 · Lickrish · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9603808B2 · Lickrish · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 9603809B2 · Lickrish · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 9889095B2 · Lickrish · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 10179108B2 · Lickrish · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10182995B2 · Lickrish · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10292937B2 · Lickrish · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10617651B2 · Lickrish · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 10881618B2 · Lickrish · 2021 [cited by examiner]
US 10905652B2 · Lickrish · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11241391B2 · Lickrish · 2022 [cited by examiner]
US 11911518B2 · Lickrish · 2024 [cited by examiner]
US 20030161874A1 · Li et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030170181A1 · Midha · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040059002A1 · Couch et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040137062A1 · Chopra · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040156896A1 · Dixit et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040213847A1 · Matharu et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040220277A1 · Couch et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050112201A1 · Baichwal et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050158384A1 · Couch et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20070036843A1 · Hirsh et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070042955A1 · Mickle et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070048378A1 · Swanson et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070264323A1 · Shojaei et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20090041840A1 · Ayala · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090110728A1 · Rastogi et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090123554A1 · Krishnamurthy et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090202634A1 · Jans et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090220611A1 · Dargelas et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090324716A1 · Shen et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100047341A1 · Kim et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100074951A1 · Kim et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100093796A1 · Gupta et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100166889A1 · Sanfilippo · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100261712A1 · Sackler · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110077238A1 · Leech et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110201645A1 · Zeitlin et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110268799A1 · Dixit et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
CA 2718639 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
EP 1143937 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
EP 1782798 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
EP 3372225A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
GB 2230442 · 1990 [cited by applicant]
WO 199641617 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
WO 199727176 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 199728124 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 199732851 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 199735836 · 1997 [cited by applicant]
WO 199814168 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 199823263 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 199825902 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 199831668 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
WO 0023055A1 · 2000 [cited by applicant]
WO 2001010420 · 2001 [cited by applicant]
WO 2007133203A1 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
WO 2008079404 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2008079404A2 · 2008 [cited by examiner]
WO 2008122967 · 2008 [cited by applicant]
WO 2009117819 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
WO 2012129551A1 · 2012 [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report dated Aug. 26, 2014. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report dated Jul. 3, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Aoyama, T., et al., “Nonlinear kinetics of threo-methylphenidate enantiomers in a patient with narcolepsy and in healthy volunteers,” Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol (1993) 44: 79-84. [cited by applicant]
Aoyama, Takao, et al., “Kinetic Analysis of Enantiomers of threo-Methylphenidate and Its Metabolite in Two Healthy Subjects after Oral Administration as Determined by a Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Method,” J.… [cited by applicant]
Aoyama, Takao, et al., “Pharmacodynamic Modeling for Change of Locomotor Activity by Methylphenidate in Rats,” Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 14, No. 11, 1997. [cited by applicant]
Aoyama, Takao, et al., “Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics o methylphenidate enantiomers in rats,” Psychopharmacology (1996) 127:117-122. [cited by applicant]
Axten, Jeffrey M., et al., “A Stereoselective Synthesis of dl-threo-Methylphenidate: Preparation and Biological Evaluation of Novel Analogues,” J. Org. Chem. 1998, 9628-9629. [cited by applicant]
Barkley, Russell A., et al., “The Adolescent Outcome of Hyperactive Children Diagnosed by Research Criteria: I. An 8-Year Prospective Follow-up Study,” J. Am. Acad. Child Adolec. Psychiatry, 29:4, Jul. 1990. [cited by applicant]
Bruera, Eduardo, et al., “Methylphenidate Associated With Narcotics for the Treatment of Cancer Pain,” Cancer Treatment Reports, vol. 71, No. 1, Jan. 1987. [cited by applicant]
Bruera, Eduardo, et al., “Narcotics Plus Methylphenidate (Ritalin) for Advanced Cancer Pain,” Am. J. of Nursing, Nov. 1988. [cited by applicant]
Bruera, Eduardo, et al., “Neuropsychological effects of methylphenidate in patients receiving a continuous infusion of narcotics for cancer pain,” Pain, 48 (1992). [cited by applicant]
Bruera, Eduardo, et al., “Overwhelming Fatigue in Advanced Cancer,” Am. J. of Nursing, Jan. 1988. [cited by applicant]
Bruera, Eduardo, et al., “The use of methylphenidate in patients with incident cancer pain receiving regular opiates. A preliminary report.” Pain, 50 (1992) 75-77. [cited by applicant]
Bruera, Eduardo, et al., “The Uses of Psychotropics in Symptom Management in Advanced Cancer,” Psycho-Oncology 7: 346-358 (1998). [cited by applicant]
Bussemer, T., et al., “A pulsatile drug delivery system based on rupturable coated hard gelatin capsules,” J. of Controlled Release 93 (2003) 331-339. [cited by applicant]
Bussemer, T., et al., “Time-Dependent Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Coatings Used in Rupturable Pulsatile Release Dosage Forms,” Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 623-630, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Chemical Abstracts—Key to the World's Chemical Literature, vol. 104, No. 21, May 26, 1986. [cited by applicant]
Chromobio, “Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of threo-methylphenidate enantiomers in plasma,” J. of Chromatography, 494 (1989) 420-423. [cited by applicant]
Deutsch, Howard M., et al., “Synthesis and Pharmacology of Potential Cocaine Antagonists,” J. Med. Chem, vol. 39, No. 6, 1201-1209, 1996. [cited by applicant]
Ding, Y.S., et al., “Chiral drugs: comparison of the pharmacokinetics of [ [cited by applicant]
Drimmer, Eric, J., et al., “Desipramine and Methylphenidate Combination Treatment for Depression: Case Report.” Am. J. Psychiatry 140:2, Feb. 1983. [cited by applicant]
Eckerman, David A., et al., “Enantioselective Behavioral Effects of threo-Methylphenidate in Rats,” Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior, vol. 40, pp. 875-880, 1991. [cited by applicant]
Ermer, James C., “Bioavailability of triple-bead mixed amphetamine salts compared with a dose-augmentation strategy of mixed amphetamine salts extended release plus mixed amphetamine salts immediate release,” Current Me… [cited by applicant]
Farone, Stephen V., et al., “Pathophysiology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder,” Neuropsychopharmacology: The Fifth Generation of Progress, 2002. [cited by applicant]
Fernandez, Francisco, et al., “Methylphenidate for depressive disorders in cancer patients,” Psychosomatics, Sep. 1987, vol. 28, No. 9. [cited by applicant]
Fernandez, Francisco, et al., “Methylphenidate Treatment of Patients With Head and Neck Cancer,” Head & Neck Surgery, Mar./Apr. 1986. [cited by applicant]
Ferris, R.M., et al., A comparison of the capacities of isomers of amphetamine, deoxypipradrol and methylphenidate to inhibit the uptake of tritiated catecholamines into rat cerebral cortex slices, synaptosomal preparat… [cited by applicant]
Ferris, R.M., et al., “Comparison of the Effects of the Isomers of Amphetamine, Methylphenidate and Deoxypipradrol on the Uptake of I-[3H]Norepinephrine and [3H]Dopamine by Synaptic Vesicles from Rate Whole Brain, Stria… [cited by applicant]
Folstein, Marshal F., et al., “A Practical Method for Grading the Cognitive State of Patients for the Clinician,” J. Psychiat. Res., 1975, vol. 12, pp. 189-198. [cited by applicant]
Frankenberger, William, et al., “The use of stimulant medication for treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A survey of school psychologists' knowledge, attitudes, and experience” Developmental Disabilit… [cited by applicant]
Garland, E. Jane, “Pharmacotherapy of adolescent attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: challenges, choices and caveats,” J. of Psychopharmacology 12(4) (1998) 385-395. [cited by applicant]
Golden, Gerald S., “Role of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Learning Disabilities,” Seminars in Neurology—vol. 11, No. 1 Mar. 1991. [cited by applicant]
Goldman, Larry S., et al., “Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents,” JAMA, vol. 279, No. 14, Apr. 8, 1998. [cited by applicant]
Grace, Anthony A., “Psychostimulant Actions on Dopamine and Limbic System Function: Relevance to the Pathophysiology and Treatment of ADHD,” Stimulant Drugs and ADHD Basic and Clinical Neuroscience (2001). [cited by applicant]
Greenblatt, David J., et al., “Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Disposition,” Neuropsychopharmacology: The Fifth Generation of Progress, 2002. [cited by applicant]
Grob, Charles S., et al., “Suspected Adverse Methylphenidate-Imipramine Interactions in Children,” Development and Behavior Pediatrics, vol. 7, No. 4, Aug. 1986. [cited by applicant]
Gulati, Dushyant, et al., Methylphenidate Hydrochloride, Environmental Health Perspective, vol. 105, Supplement 1, Feb. 1997. [cited by applicant]
Hales, Robert E., et al., “Psychopharmacologic Issues in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organic Mental Disorders,” Psychiatric Clinics of No. Am. vol. 7, No. 4, Dec. 1984. [cited by applicant]
Hubbard, John W., et al., “Enantioselective Aspects of the Disposition of dl-thero-Methylphenidate after the Administration of a Sustained-Release Formulation to Children with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder,” … [cited by applicant]
Ishino, Ryuzo, et al., “Design and Preparation of Pulsatile Release Tablet as a New Oral Drug Delivery System,” Chem. Pharm. Bull. 40(11) 3036-3041 (1992). [cited by applicant]
Jain, Sanjay K., et al., “Design and Development of Hydrogel Beads for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Colon,” AAPS PharmSciTech 2007; 8 (3) Article 56. [cited by applicant]
Jonkman, Lisa M., et al., “Differences in plasma concentrations of the D- and L-threo methylphenidate enantiomers in responding and non-responding children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder,” Psychiatry Rese… [cited by applicant]
Kadouch, Rachel, et al., “The Mood Response and Plasma Cyclic-AMP Response to Intravenous Methylphenidate,” Neuropsychobiology 3: 250-255 (1977). [cited by applicant]
Kahlig, Kristopher M., et al., “Amphetamine induces dopamine efflux through a dopamine transporter channel,” PNAS vol. 102, No. 9, Mar. 1, 2005. [cited by applicant]
Lin, Jiunn H., et al., “Role of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Drug Discovery and Development,” Pharmacological Reviews, vol. 49, No. 4 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Llana, Maria E., et al., “Methylphenidate: Increased Abuse or Appropriate Use?” J. of Am. Pharmaceutical Assoc., vol. 39, No. 4, Jul./Aug. 1999. [cited by applicant]
Lopez, Frank A., et al., “Physician perception of clinical improvement in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a post hoc comparison of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate and mixed amphetamine salts extended… [cited by applicant]
MacLeod, A.D., et al., “Methylphenidate in Terminal Depression,” J. of Pain and Symptom Management, vol. 16, No. 3, Sep. 1998. [cited by applicant]
Markowitz, John S., et al., “Advances in the Pharmacotherapy of Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder: Focus on Methylphenidate Formulations,” Pharmacotherapy 23(a0): 1281-1299, 2003. [cited by applicant]
Markowitz, John S., et al., “Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Drug Interactions in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,” Clinical Pharmacokinetics 2001: 40 (10). [cited by applicant]
Matsuo, Mitsuyuki, et al., “Evaluation of Hydroxyethylcellulose as a Hydrophilic Swellable Material for Delayed-Release Tablets,” Chem. Pharm. Bull. 43(20) 311-314 (1995). [cited by applicant]
Melega, William P., et al., “Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of the Actions of [cited by applicant]
Meyers, Christina A., et al., “Methylphenidate Therapy Improves Cognition, Mood, and Function of Brain Tumor Patients,” J. of Clinical Oncology, vol. 16, No. 7 Jul. 1998. [cited by applicant]
Nangia, Avinash, “BIOROD [cited by applicant]
Narisawa, Shinji, et al., “An Organic Acid-Induced Sigmoidal Release System for Oral Controlled-Release Preparations. 2. Permeability Enhancement of Eudragit RS Coating Led by Physicochemical Interactions with Organic A… [cited by applicant]
Olin, Jonathan, et al., “Psychostimulants for Depression in Hospitalized Cancer Patients,” Psychosomatics, vol. 37, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1996. [cited by applicant]
Pastor, Patricia N., et al., “Diagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disability: United States, 2004-2006,” Vital and Health Statistics, Series 10, No. 237, Jul. 2008. [cited by applicant]
Patrick, Kennerly S., et al., “Distribution of Methylphenidate and p-Hydroxymethylphenidate in Rats,” The J. of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol. 231, No. 1, 1984. [cited by applicant]
Patrick, Kennerly S., et al., “New methylphenidate formulations for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,” Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. (2005) 2(1). [cited by applicant]
Patrick, Kennerly S., et al., “Pharmacology of Methylphenidate, Amphetamine Enantiomers and Pemoline in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,” Human Psychopharmacology, vol. 12, 527-546 (1997). [cited by applicant]
Patrick, Kennerly S., et al., “The Absorption of Sustained-Release Methylphenidate Formulations Compared to an Immediate-Release Formulation,” Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition, vol. 10, 165-171 (1989). [cited by applicant]
Patrick, Kennerly, et al., “Synthesis of Deuterium-Labelled Methylphenidate, p-Hydroxymethylphenidate, Ritalinic Acid and p-Hydroxyritalinic Acid,” J. of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals, vol. IX, No. 4, Apr.… [cited by applicant]
Pelham, William E, Jr., et al., “Sustained Release and Standard Methylphenidate Effects on Cognitive and Social Behavior in Children With Attention Deficit Disorder,” Pediatrics vol. 80, No. 4, p. 491-501, Oct. 1987. [cited by applicant]
Quinn, Declan M.P., “Methylphenidate: The Role of the d-Isomer,” Ritalin: Theory and Practice, 2000. [cited by applicant]
Quinn, Declan, et al., “Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Multilayer-Release Methylphenidate and Immediate-Release Methylphenidate in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder,” J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2007; 47:7… [cited by applicant]
Rapport, Mark D., et al., “Methylphenidate and Desipramine in Hospitalized Children: I. Separate and Combined Effects on Cognitive Function,” J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 32:2, Mar. 1993. [cited by applicant]
Roehrs, Timothy, et al., “Sleepiness and the Reinforcing and Subjective Effects of Methylphenidate,” Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 1999, vol. 7, No. 2, 145-150. [cited by applicant]
Spencer, Thomas, et al., “Pharmacotherapy of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder across the Life Cycle,” J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 35:4, Apr. 1996. [cited by applicant]
Srinivas, N.R., et al., “In Vitro Hydrolysis of RR,SS-threo-Methylphenidate by Blood Esterases—Differential and Enantioselective Interspecies Variability,” Chirality 3:99-103 (1991). [cited by applicant]
Srinivas, Nuggehally R., et al., “Enantioselective pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dl-threo-nnethylphenidate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,” Clin Pharmacol Ther, vol. 52, No. 5, Nov.… [cited by applicant]
Stein, Mark A., et al., “Methylphenidate Dosing: Twice Daily Versus Three Times Daily,” Pediatrics vol. 98, No. 4 Oct. 1996. [cited by applicant]
Stiebel, Victor, et. al., “Long-term Methylphenidate Use in the Medically III Patient With Organic Mood Syndrome,” Psychosomatics, vol. 31, No. 4, Fall 1990. [cited by applicant]
Sun, Zejin, et al., “Methylphenidate Is Stereoselectively Hydrolyzed by Human Carboxylesterase CES1A1,” J. of Pharmacology and Experimental therapeutics, vol. 310, No. 2, p. 469-476, 2004. [cited by applicant]
Swanson, James M., et al. “A Comparison of Once-Daily Extended-Release Methylphenidate Formulations in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the Laboratory School (The Comacs Study),” Pediatrics, 200… [cited by applicant]
Swanson, James M., et al., “Analog Classroom Assessment of Adderall in Children With ADHD,” J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 37:5, May 1998. [cited by applicant]
Swanson, James M., et al., “Efficacy of a New Pattern of Delivery of Methylphenidate for the Treatment of ADHD: Effects on Activity Level in the Classroom and on the Playground,” J. Am. Acad. Adolesc. Psychiatry, 41:11,… [cited by applicant]
Swanson, James, “Development of a New Once-a-Day Formulation of Methylphenidate for the Treatment of Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder,” Arch Gen Psychiatry, vol. 60. Feb. 2003. [cited by applicant]
Volkow, N.D., et al., “Temporal relationships between the pharmacokinetics of Methylphenidate in the human brain and its behavioral and cardiovascular effects,” Psychopharmacology (1996) 123: 26-33. [cited by applicant]
Volkow, Nora D., et al., “Effects of Methylphenidate on Regional Brain Glucose Metabolism in Humans: Relationship to Dopamine D2 Receptors,” Am. J. Psychiatry 154:1, Jan. 1997. [cited by applicant]
Ward, Mark F., et al., “The Wender Utah Rating Scale: An Aid in the Retrospective Diagnosis of Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.” Am. J. Psychiatry 150:6, Jun. 1993. [cited by applicant]
Weitzner, Michael, et al., “Methylphenidate in the Treatment of Neurobehavioral Slowing Associated With Cancer and Cancer Treatment,” J. of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Nov. 1995; 7:347-350. [cited by applicant]
Sinha, V. R., and Rachna Kumria. “Binders for colon specific drug delivery: an in vitro evaluation.” International journal of pharmaceutics 249.1-2 (2002): 23-31; 9 pages. [cited by applicant]
Davis, Caroline, et al. “Dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) associated with appetite suppression to methylphenidate in a case-control study of binge eating disorder.” Neuropsychopharmacology 32.10 (2007): 2199; 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
Chan, Ying-Pui Mick, et al. “Methylphenidate hydrochloride given with or before breakfast: II. Effects on plasma concentration of methylphenidate and ritalinic acid.” Pediatrics 72.1 (1983): 56-59; 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
Weiss, Gabrielle, et al. “Effect of long-term treatment of hyperactive children with methylphenidate.” Canadian Medical Association Journal 112.2 (Jan. 25, 1975): 159; 7 pages. [cited by applicant]
Patrick, Kennerly S., and John S. Markowitz. “Pharmacology of methylphenidate, amphetamine enantiomers and pemoline in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.” Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 12.6 … [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report for European Patent Application No. 17187023.1, mailed Oct. 26, 2017; 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
Google scholar search Jan. 20, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Google scholar search Feb. 8, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Wigal et al., “Reliability and Validity of the SKAMP Rating Scale in a Laboratory School Setting,” Psychopharmacology Bulletin, vol. 34, Issue 1 (1998), 47-53. [cited by applicant]
European Search Report, Application No. EP20744593.3; dated Sep. 14, 2022, 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
Wilens, TE, et al., “An update on the pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults,” Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, vol. 11, issue 10, Oct. 2011, pp. 1443-1465. [cited by applicant]
England, SJ, et al., “L-Dopa Improves Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep but Not Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder in a Double-blind Trial in Children,” Sleep Medicine, vol. 12, issue 5, … [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion, Singapore Application No. 10201901167S, Jan. 13, 2023, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]