Supplying fault managed power
Presented herein are techniques for power fault management that operates without power-source-side switching. A power transmitter is configured to provide power to a current loop, and a power receiver is configured to receive the power from the current loop. The power receiver is configured to, on a periodic basis, disconnect from the current loop to stop pulling power from current loop for a period of time to enable a safety check to be performed by the power transmitter. The power transmitter is configured to monitor current on the current loop, determine whether the current level on the current loop passes the safety check within a predetermined time interval since a determination that the current level was not within a safe range, and control connectivity of the power to the current loop based on whether the safety check has or has not passed within the predetermined time interval.
1 . A method performed at a power transmitter that provides power over a current loop to a power receiver, the method comprising:
coupling power to the current loop for transport to the power receiver;
monitoring current level on the current loop;
determining, by a controller of the power transmitter, whether the current level on the current loop passes a safety check within a predetermined time interval since a previous determination that the current level was not within a safe range; and
controlling connectivity of the power to the current loop depending on whether the safety check has or has not passed within the predetermined time interval, wherein controlling connectivity of the power to the current loop comprises controlling connectivity of alternating current (AC) power, wherein the power receiver disconnects from the current loop to stop pulling power for multiple different periods of time that encompass corresponding multiple different level portions within one period of an AC waveform of the AC power.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring current on the current loop to determine whether the current level passes the safety check comprises:
determining whether the current level is less than a predetermined safety threshold corresponding to the safe range; and
declaring the safety check passes when the current level is less than the predetermined safety threshold.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined time interval corresponds to a maximum period of time that electrical current flowing into a fault that presents a shock or fire hazard.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling connectivity of the power to the current loop comprises one of: disconnecting the power coupled to the current loop when it is determined that the safety check has not passed within the predetermined time interval; or maintaining connectivity of the power to the current loop if it is determined that the safety check has passed within the predetermined time interval.
5 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
monitoring voltage on the current loop; and
determining, by the controller, based on the voltage on the current loop, that there is a fault in the current loop when the voltage on the current loop is outside of an expected range.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring further comprises monitoring the current loop for a ground fault condition; and the method further comprises:
disconnecting the power to the current loop when the ground fault condition is detected.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether the current level passes the safety check within the predetermined time interval corresponds to an expected recurring performance of a power interruption operation performed by the power receiver asynchronously from the power transmitter and during which the power receiver stops receiving power from the current loop for a period of time.
8 . A method performed at a power receiver that receives power over a current loop from a power transmitter, the method comprising:
receiving alternating current (AC) power from the current loop; and
on a periodic basis, disconnecting the power receiver from the current loop to stop pulling current from the current loop for multiple different periods of time that encompass corresponding multiple different level portions within one period of an AC waveform of the AC power, wherein disconnecting is performed on the periodic basis to enable the power transmitter to perform a safety check on the current loop.
9 . The method of claim 8 , further comprising, at a controller of the power receiver, controlling the disconnecting from the current loop based on a modulation frequency.
10 . The method of claim 9 , further comprising adjusting the modulation frequency to spread a frequency of energy associated with current pulses which result from the disconnecting from the current loop.
11 . An apparatus comprising:
at least one disconnect coupled to a current loop that provides power from a power transmitter coupled to the current loop, wherein the power transmitter provides alternating current (AC) power to the current loop; and
a controller coupled to the at least one disconnect, wherein the controller is configured to:
control the at least one disconnect to periodically disconnect from the current loop for a period of time to stop pulling power for multiple different periods of time that encompass corresponding multiple different level portions within one period of an AC waveform of the AC power;
control the at least one disconnect to disconnect from the current loop based on a modulation frequency; and
adjust the modulation frequency to spread a frequency of energy associated with current pulses which result from disconnecting from the current loop.
12 . An apparatus comprising:
a power source configured to provide power to a current loop for transport to a power receiver, wherein the power source is configured to provide alternating current (AC) power to the current loop;
at least one current sensor coupled to a current loop to sense current on the current loop; and
a controller coupled to the at least one current sensor, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether a current level on the current loop passes a safety check within a predetermined time interval since a determination that the current level was not within a safe range, which corresponds to an expected recurring performance of a power interruption operation performed by the power receiver during which the power receiver stops receiving power from the current loop for a period of time, wherein the power receiver disconnects from the current loop to stop pulling power for multiple different periods of time that encompass corresponding multiple different level portions within one period of an AC waveform of the AC power to enable the controller to determine whether the current level on the current loop passes a safety check; and
generate a control for connectivity of the power to the current loop depending on whether the safety check has or has not passed within the predetermined time interval.
13 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the controller is configured to generate the control for connectivity of the power to the current loop by one of: generating a control to disconnect the power coupled to the current loop when it is determined that the safety check has not passed within the predetermined time interval; or generating a control to maintain connectivity of the power to the current loop if it is determined that the safety check has passed within the predetermined time interval.
14 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the controller is configured to determine whether the current level passes the safety check by:
determining whether the current level is less than a predetermined safety threshold corresponding to the safe range; and
declaring the safety check passes when the current level is less than the predetermined safety threshold.
15 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the predetermined time interval corresponds to a maximum period of time that electrical current flowing into a fault that presents a shock or fire hazard.
16 . The apparatus of claim 12 , further comprising:
a voltage sensor coupled to the controller and configured to monitor voltage on the current loop,
wherein the controller is configured to determine, based on the voltage on the current loop, that there is a fault in the current loop when the voltage on the current loop is outside of an expected range.
17 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the controller is further configured to monitor the current on the current loop for a ground fault condition, and to disconnect the power to the current loop when the ground fault condition is detected.
18 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the controller is further configured to determining whether the current level passes the safety check within the predetermined time interval that corresponds to the expected recurring performance of the power interruption operation performed by the power receiver asynchronously from the apparatus.
19 . A method performed at a power receiver that receives power over a current loop from a power transmitter, the method comprising:
receiving alternating current (AC) power from the current loop;
on a periodic basis, disconnecting the power receiver from the current loop to stop pulling current from the current loop for multiple different periods of time that encompass corresponding multiple different level portions within one period of an AC waveform of the AC power;
at a controller of the power receiver, controlling the disconnecting from the current loop based on a modulation frequency; and
adjusting the modulation frequency to spread a frequency of energy associated with current pulses which result from the disconnecting from the current loop.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein disconnecting is performed to enable the power transmitter to perform a safety check on the current loop.