Systems and methods for assessing reaction performance based on surface biopotentials

1. A system for assessing a reaction performance of a user engaging with an interactive digital program based at least in part on biopotentials detected at an external surface of a skin portion of the user, the system comprising:

one or more processors; and

a wearable device configured to be worn by the user, the wearable device comprising:

one or more electrodes configured to be disposed adjacent to an external surface of the skin portion, wherein the skin portion is disposed at a body portion comprising peripheral nerve tissue that is biologically coupled to a central nervous system of the user;

wherein the system is configured to:

obtain, using the plurality of electrodes, biopotential signals generated at least in part by the peripheral nerve tissue;

determine a first timestamp, the first timestamp indicating a first time at which a stimulus condition based on a graphical display is presented to the user during the interactive digital program;

determine a second timestamp, the second timestamp indicating a second time at which the biopotential signals indicate an intention by the user to perform a responsive action in response to the stimulus condition presented to the user during the interactive digital program; and

determine a subject response time for the user based at least on an amount of time between the first timestamp and the second timestamp.

2. The system of claim 1 , the system further comprising the interactive digital program being executed by the one or more processors, wherein the one or more processors are wirelessly connected to the wearable device and configured to generate a real-time data stream comprising a sequence of digitally encoded signals based on instructions from the interactive digital program, wherein at least a portion of the sequence of digitally encoded signals are indicative of the stimulus condition.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the interactive digital program provides an instruction to the one or more processors indicating that the stimulus condition of the graphical display has been presented to the user, and wherein the first timestamp is determined by registering a time, on a game clock, that the instruction to present the stimulus condition is received and processed by the one or more processors.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein during a session of the user engaging in the interactive digital program, a plurality of subject response times are determined for the user, at periodic intervals, based on respective first and second timestamps and an aggregate measure is determined based on multiple of the plurality of subject response times.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein based on the aggregate measure, or one or more values based thereon, a score associated with the reaction performance of the user is generated, wherein the score relates to one or more of actions per minute (APM), completion time, decision-making speed, response time, or time-to-target.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the wearable device comprises a monotonic clock and one or more analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) being configured to convert biopotential signals received by the one or more electrodes to a series of biopotential data samples, and each sample of biopotential data has a respective timestamp determined by the monotonic clock.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the second timestamp is determined by analyzing the series of biopotential data samples, selecting a set of one or more biopotential data samples that indicate the intention by the user to perform the responsive action in response to the stimulus condition, and determining the second timestamp based on one or more timestamps of the selected set of one or more biopotential samples that indicate the intention by the user to perform the responsive action.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more processors executing the interactive digital program are included in one or more of a video game console, a personal computer, a mobile device running a software application, or an extended reality (XR) headset.

9. The system of claim 1 , the system further comprising an inertial measurement unit (IMU) device connected to the one or more processors, wherein the IMU device determines a current position of the user's hand, and wherein the system is further configured to predict a gesture of the user based, at least in part, on the biopotential signals and the hand position.

10. The system of claim 9 , wherein based on the predicted gesture of the user, the interactive digital program is configured to provide an instruction to the one or more processors indicating to initiate an animation sequence reflecting the predicted gesture.

11. A method for assessing a reaction performance of a user engaging with an interactive digital program based at least in part on biopotentials detected at an external surface of a skin portion of the user, the method comprising:

obtaining, using a plurality of electrodes, biopotential signals generated at least in part by the peripheral nerve tissue that is biologically coupled to a central nervous system of the user;

determining a first timestamp, the first timestamp indicating a first time at which a stimulus condition based on a graphical display is presented to the user during the interactive digital program;

determining a second timestamp, the second timestamp indicating a second time at which the biopotential signals indicate an intention by the user to perform a responsive action in response to the stimulus condition presented to the user during the interactive digital program; and

determining a subject response time for the user based at least on an amount of time between the first timestamp and the second timestamp.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising executing the interactive digital program via one or more processors, wherein the one or more processors are wirelessly connected to a wearable device and configured to generate a real-time data stream comprising a sequence of digitally encoded signals based on instructions from the interactive digital program, wherein at least a portion of the sequence of digitally encoded signals are indicative of the stimulus condition.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the interactive digital program provides an instruction to the one or more processors indicating that the stimulus condition of the graphical display has been presented to the user, and wherein the first timestamp is determined by registering a time, on a game clock, that the instruction to present the stimulus condition is received and processed by the one or more processors.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein during a session of the user engaging in the interactive digital program, a plurality of subject response times are determined for the user, at periodic intervals, based on respective first and second timestamps and an aggregate measure is determined based on multiple of the plurality of subject response times.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein based on the aggregate measure, or one or more values based thereon, a score associated with the reaction performance of the user is generated, wherein the score relates to one or more of actions per minute (APM), completion time, decision-making speed, response time, or time-to-target.

16. The method of claim 11 , wherein a wearable device comprises a monotonic clock and one or more analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) being configured to convert biopotential signals received by the one or more electrodes to a series of biopotential data samples, and each sample of biopotential data has a respective timestamp determined by the monotonic clock.

17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising determining the second timestamp by analyzing the series of biopotential data samples, selecting a set of one or more biopotential data samples that indicate the intention by the user to perform the responsive action in response to the stimulus condition, and determining the second timestamp based on one or more timestamps of the selected set of one or more biopotential samples that indicate the intention by the user to perform the responsive action.

18. The method of claim 11 , further comprising executing the interactive digital program via one or more processors, wherein the one or more processors executing the interactive digital program are included in one or more of a video game console, a personal computer, a mobile device running a software application, or an extended reality (XR) headset.

19. The method of claim 11 , further comprising an inertial measurement unit (IMU) device connected to the one or more processors, wherein the IMU device determines a current position of the user's hand, and wherein the method further comprises predicting a gesture of the user based, at least in part, on the biopotential signals and the hand position.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein based on the predicted gesture of the user, the interactive digital program is configured to provide an instruction to the one or more processors indicating to initiate an animation sequence reflecting the predicted gesture.