Flexible metal clad laminates and methods of preparation thereof
This disclosure relates to a film layer for use in flexible metal clad laminates. The film layer comprises a thermosetting composition comprising: a copolymer of (a) a diisoalkenylarene (DIAEA) and (b) a divinylarene (DVA) containing a mixture of m-divinylarene and p-divinylarene, in a mole ratio of (a) to (b) of 15:1 to 1:15; a second polymer; a filler and optional additives. Flexible metal clad laminates made with the film further comprises a metal foil bonded to the surface of the film. The thermosetting composition containing the DIAEA-DVA copolymer provides improved thermal stability at high temperature, excellent processability, and electrical properties, e.g., Dk and Df.
1 . A film comprising a thermosetting composition, the thermosetting composition comprises, based on the total weight of the thermosetting composition:
a) a copolymer of (i) a diisoalkenylarene and (ii) a divinylarene containing m-divinylarene and p-divinylarene, in a mole ratio of (i) to (ii) of 15:1 to 1:15, the copolymer being present in an amount of 30-85 wt. %;
b) a second polymer in an amount of 2-10 wt. %;
c) a filler in an amount of 13-50 wt. %; and
d) an optional additive in an amount up to 10 wt. %;
wherein the film has:
a thickness of 10 to 300 μm;
a dielectric constant (Dk) of <3.5, measured at 10 GHz, according to ASTM D2520;
a dissipation Factor (Df) of <0.005, measured at 10 GHz, according to ASTM D2520; and
a coefficient of thermal expansion of <30 ppm/° C., as measured using TMA over a range of −50 to 300° C., according to ASTM E 228.
a 90° peel strength to metal of >0.6 N/m performed according to IPC 650 2.4.19;
a water uptake capacity of <0.5%, based on total weight of the film; and
a tensile elongation of >10%, according to IPC-TM 650 2.4.19.
2 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer has a Gel Content of >90%.
3 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the m-divinylarene is m-divinylbenzene, the p-divinylarene is p-divinylbenzene, and wherein amount of m-divinylbenzene and p-divinylbenzene is up to 99 wt. %, based on total weight of the divinylarene.
4 . The film of claim 1 , wherein divinylarene further comprises m-ethylvinylbenzene and p-ethylvinylbenzene in an amount of <35 wt. %, based on total weight of the divinylarene.
5 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the m-divinylarene is m-divinylbenzene, the p-divinylarene is p-divinylbenzene, and the weight ratio of m-divinylbenzene to p-divinylbenzene is 5:1 to 1:5.
6 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer comprises: (a) 30 to 95 wt. % of polymerized diisoalkenylarene; (b) 5 to 70 wt. % of polymerized divinylarene; and (c) 0 to 15 wt. % of at least another polymerizable monomer.
7 . The film of claim 6 , wherein the at least another polymerizable monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, 2-vinylbiphenyl, 3-vinylbiphenyl, 4-vinylbiphenyl, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 2-vinylnaphthalene, α-alkylated styrene, alkoxylated styrene, and mixtures thereof.
8 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the diisoalkenylarene is a diisopropenylbenzene, and wherein the diisopropenylbenzene comprises 75 wt. % m-diisopropenylbenzene, based on total weight of the diisopropenylbenzene.
9 . The film of claim 8 , wherein the diisopropenylbenzene has at least one of: a moisture content of <150 ppm; a 4-tert-buylcatechol content of <120 ppm; and a Hazen (APHA) color of <50 in a solvent having a concentration of 10%, measured according to ASTM D1209.
10 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the second polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polyphenylene ether, curable cyclic olefins or their copolymers, polydicyclopentadiene, polyesters, styrenic block copolymers (SBCs), polyolefins, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetherimide (PEI), maleimide resin, cyanate ester resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, benzoxazine resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyesterimides, polyether sulfone, polyether ketone, polyurethane, polyether ethersulfones, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(4-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(ε-caprolactone), and mixtures thereof.
11 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the filler is selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, barium sulfate, talc, clay, mica powder, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, boron nitride, aluminum borate, barium titanate, calcium titanate, magnesium titanate, bismuth titanate, titanium oxide, barium zirconate, calcium zirconate, and mixtures thereof.
12 . The film of claim 11 , wherein the filler has an average particle size of 10 nm-1 μm.
13 . The film of claim 11 , wherein the filler is a silica selected from the group consisting of aerogel silica, silica xerogels, fumed silica, precipitated silica, amorphous silica, crystalline silica, hollow silica, and mixtures thereof.
14 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the optional additive is selected from the group consisting of initiators, activators, stabilizers, thickeners, coalescing agents, slip agents, release agents, antioxidants, antiozonants, color change pH indicators, plasticizers, tackifiers, film forming additives, UV stabilizers, fillers, flame retardants, viscosity modifiers, wetting agents, toughening agents, adhesion promoters, heat stabilizers, flow modifiers, antistatic agents, processing aids, stress-relief additives, water resistant agents, thermal conductivity-imparting agents, radical scavengers, anti-scorching agent, and mixtures thereof.
15 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer has a decomposition onset temperature of 200-450° C.
16 . The film of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer has a glass transition temperature (T g ) of 50-300° C.
17 . A flexible metal clad laminate comprising:
at least one film containing the thermosetting composition of claim 1 ; and
a metal foil bonded to at least one surface of the film.
18 . The flexible metal clad laminate of claim 17 , wherein the metal foil is copper, and wherein the copper foil has a ten-point average roughness (Rz) of ≤5.0 μm.
19 . The flexible metal clad laminate of claim 17 , wherein the film is bonded to the copper foil by thermal compression.
20 . The flexible metal clad laminate of claim 17 , wherein the film is bonded to the copper foil by an adhesive layer between the film and the copper foil.