Pad generating tumor treating field and having kirigami-like cuts
A pad having a topcoat layer, an electrode element and a conductive gel element are described. The electrode element is connected to the topcoat layer, and configured to receive an electrical signal from a generator producing an electric signal as a TTField. The conductive gel element is directly connected to the electrode element so as to receive an electrical current from the electrode element. The conductive gel element is configured to be in contact with a patient's skin. The electrode element and the conductive gel element define kirigami-like cuts, the kirigrami-like cuts being a predetermined pattern of cuts resulting in the electrode element, the flexible polymer layer, and the conductive gel element forming a three-dimensional shape conforming to a predetermined portion of a patient's body.
1 . A system, comprising:
a generator configured to generate an electrical signal as a TTField having an alternating current waveform at a frequency in a range from 50 kHz to 500 kHz;
a first conductive lead electrically coupled to the generator, the first conductive lead configured to carry the electrical signal;
a first pad having a first electrode element directly connected to a first conductive gel element, the first conductive gel element is configured to be in contact with a patient's skin, the first electrode element and the first conductive gel element define a plurality of kirigami-like cuts being a predetermined pattern of cuts resulting in the first pad conforming to a predetermined portion of a patient's body, the kirigami-like cuts forming one or more perforation extending through the first electrode element and the first conductive gel element, the one or more perforation configured to allow air to pass through the first pad;
a second conductive lead electrically coupled to the generator, the second conductive lead configured to carry the electrical signal; and
a second pad having a second electrode element directly connected to a second conductive gel element, and the second conductive gel element being configured to be in contact with the patient's skin.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode element includes an electrode layer electrically coupled to a conductive support layer, the conductive support layer being intermediate to the first electrode element and the first conductive gel element.
3 . The system of claim 2 , further comprising a blocking capacitor configured to block direct current in the electrical signal.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive gel element further includes a first hydrogel layer, a support layer, and a second hydrogel layer, the first hydrogel layer being a first electrically conductive hydrogel and the second hydrogel layer being a second electrically conductive hydrogel.
5 . The system of claim 4 , wherein the first electrically conductive hydrogel and the second electrically conductive hydrogel are not the same electrically conductive hydrogel.
6 . The system of claim 4 , wherein the support layer is electrically conductive.
7 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the first pad.
8 . The system of claim 7 , further comprising a control box configured to monitor the one or more temperature sensor and turn off the generator if the temperature exceeds a comfortability threshold.
9 . The system of claim 8 , wherein the comfortability threshold is about 40 degrees Celsius.
10 . A pad, comprising:
a topcoat layer;
an electrode element connected to the topcoat layer, and configured to receive an electrical signal from a generator producing an electric signal as a TTField; and
a conductive gel element directly connected to the electrode element so as to receive an electrical current from the electrode element, the conductive gel element configured to be in contact with a patient's skin, the electrode element and the conductive gel element defining kirigami-like cuts, the kirigami-like cuts being a predetermined pattern of cuts that results in the electrode element and the conductive gel element forming a three-dimensional shape conforming to a predetermined portion of a patient's body, the kirigami-like cuts forming one or more perforation extending through the electrode element and the conductive gel element, the one or more perforation configured to allow air to pass through the pad.
11 . The pad of claim 10 , wherein the conductive gel element further includes a first conductive gel layer, a support layer, and a second conductive gel layer, the first conductive gel layer being a first electrically conductive gel and the second conductive gel layer being a second electrically conductive gel.
12 . The pad of claim 11 , wherein the first electrically conductive gel and the second electrically conductive gel are not the same electrically conductive gel.
13 . The pad of claim 11 , wherein the support layer is electrically conductive.
14 . The pad of claim 13 , further comprising a blocking capacitor configured to block direct current in the electrical signal.
15 . The pad of claim 10 , wherein the topcoat layer, the electrode element, and the conductive gel element are constructed of flexible materials and configured to conform to a body of a patient.
16 . A pad, comprising:
a topcoat layer;
an electrode element connected to the topcoat layer, and configured to receive an electrical signal from a generator producing an electric signal as a TTField;
a flexible polymer layer connected to the electrode element, the flexible polymer layer being constructed of a dielectric material; and
a conductive gel element connected to the flexible polymer layer to electrically isolate the electrode element from the conductive gel element, the conductive gel element configured to be in contact with a patient's skin, the electrode element, the flexible polymer layer, and the conductive gel element define kirigami-like cuts, the kirigami-like cuts being a predetermined pattern of cuts resulting in the electrode element, the flexible polymer layer, and the conductive gel element forming a three-dimensional shape conforming to a predetermined portion of a patient's body.
17 . The pad of claim 16 , wherein the conductive gel element further includes a first conductive gel layer, a support layer, and a second conductive gel layer, the first conductive gel layer being a first electrically conductive gel and the second conductive gel layer being a second electrically conductive gel.
18 . The pad of claim 17 , wherein the first electrically conductive gel and the second electrically conductive gel are not the same electrically conductive gel.
19 . The pad of claim 17 , wherein the support layer is electrically conductive.
20 . The pad of claim 17 , further comprising a blocking capacitor configured to block direct current in the electrical signal.