Processing element, neural processing device including same, and multiplication operation method using same
The present disclosure discloses a processing element and a neural processing device including the processing element. The processing element includes a weight register configured to store a weight, an input activation register configured to store input activation, a flexible multiplier configured to generate result data by performing a multiplication operation of the weight and the input activation by using a first multiplier of a first precision or using both the first multiplier and a second multiplier of the first precision in response to a calculation mode signal and a saturating adder configured to generate a partial sum by using the result data.
1. A processing circuitry comprising:
a weight register configured to store a weight;
an input activation register configured to store an input activation;
first and second multiplier circuits configured to generate partial multiplication groups by performing a multiplication operation of the weight stored in the weight register and the input activation stored in the input activation register;
a digital aligning circuit configured to generate a first aligned partial multiplication group and a second aligned partial multiplication group by aligning first and second partial multiplication groups with same number of digits wherein the first aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using a first booth reduction tree and the second aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using a second booth reduction tree;
first and second adder circuits configured to generate result data by using one of the partial multiplication groups or one of the first and the second aligned partial multiplication groups; and
a third adder circuit configured to generate a partial sum by using the result data.
2. The processing circuitry of claim 1 , wherein
the first adder circuit is configured to generate the result data using the partial multiplication groups, when a calculation mode signal is a first mode signal associated with a first precision, and
the second adder circuit is configured to generate the result data using the first and the second aligned partial multiplication groups, when the calculation mode signal is a second mode signal associated with a second precision greater than the first precision.
3. The processing circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the first multiplier circuit is configured to generate the first partial multiplication group that has a first digit and the second multiplier circuit is configured to generate the second partial multiplication group that has a second digit different from the first digit, and
wherein the digital aligning circuit is configured to generate the first aligned partial multiplication group by using the first partial multiplication group, and generate the second aligned partial multiplication group by using the second partial multiplication group.
4. The processing circuitry of claim 3 , wherein a depth of the first aligned partial multiplication group is greater than a depth of the second aligned partial multiplication group.
5. The processing circuitry of claim 3 , wherein a calculable depth of the first booth reduction tree is greater than a calculable depth of the second booth reduction tree.
6. The processing circuitry of claim 3 , wherein the first aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using one first booth reduction tree, and the second aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using a plurality of second booth reduction trees.
7. The processing circuitry of claim 6 , when the weight and the input activation are each 32-bit data, a first precision is INT4, and a second precision is INT8, the first aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using one first booth reduction tree, and the second aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using four second booth reduction trees.
8. The processing circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the result data is generated by using the first and the second booth reduction trees.
9. The processing circuitry of claim 8 , wherein the first and the second booth reduction trees are configured to:
reduce depths of the partial multiplication groups, and
perform an addition operation of the partial multiplication groups of which depths are reduced.
10. The processing circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry have k multipliers.
11. The processing circuitry of claim 10 , wherein k is 8 if the weight and the input activation are each 32-bit data.
12. The processing circuitry of claim 1 , further comprising a pre-adder configured to perform a pre-adding operation using an operation result of the second booth reduction tree.
13. The processing circuitry of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry further comprises a bit division logic circuit configured to generate a first divided weight of a first precision by using the weight and generate a first divided input activation of the first precision by using the input activation.
14. The processing circuitry of claim 13 , when a received calculation mode signal is a first mode signal associated with the first precision, the first adder circuit is configured to generate the result data by using the first divided weight and the first divided input activation.
15. The processing circuitry of claim 14 , when the received calculation mode signal is a second mode signal associated with a second precision greater than the first precision, the bit division logic circuit is configured to generate a first high-order divided weight and a first low-order divided weight by using the first divided weight, and generate a first high-order divided input activation and a first low-order divided input activation by using the first divided input activation.
16. The processing circuitry of claim 15 , wherein the first low-order divided weight and the first low-order divided input activation each comprise an extra bit for having a positive value.
17. A processor comprising processing circuitry comprising:
a weight register configured to store a weight;
an input activation register configured to store an input activation;
first and second multiplier circuits configured to generate partial multiplication groups by performing a multiplication operation of the weight stored in the weight register and the input activation stored in the input activation register;
a digital aligning circuit configured to generate a first aligned partial multiplication group and a second aligned partial multiplication group by aligning the partial multiplication groups with same number of digits when a calculation mode signal is first mode signal associated with a first precision wherein the first aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using a first booth reduction tree and the second aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using a second booth reduction tree;
a first adder circuit configured to generate result data by using one of the first and the second aligned partial multiplication groups with the first mode signal or a second adder circuit configured to generate the result data by using one of the partial multiplication groups with a second mode signal associated with a second precision smaller than the first precision; and
a third adder circuit configured to generate a partial sum by using the result data.
18. The processor of claim 17 , wherein the first and the second adder circuits are configured to generate the result data by performing an addition operation of a plurality of partial multiplication groups by using a Booth algorithm.
19. The processor of claim 17 , wherein the digital aligning circuit is configured to group the plurality of partial multiplication groups into a plurality of aligned partial multiplication groups based on a number of digits, and the first and the second adder circuits are configured to generate the result data by performing an addition operation on the plurality of aligned partial multiplication groups.
20. An operation method of a processing circuitry comprising a weight register, an input activation register, a first multiplier circuit, a second multiplier circuit, a digit aligning circuit, a first adder circuit, a second adder circuit, and a third adder circuit, the operation method comprising:
storing, by the weight register, a weight;
storing, by the input activation register, an input activation;
generating, by the first and the second multiplier circuits, partial multiplication groups by performing a multiplication operation of the weight stored in the weight register and the input activation stored in the input activation register;
generating, by the digital aligning circuit, a first aligned partial multiplication group and a second aligned partial multiplication group by aligning the partial multiplication groups with same number of digits wherein the first aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using a first booth reduction tree and the second aligned partial multiplication group is calculated by using a second booth reduction tree;
generating, by the first and the second adder circuits result data by using one of the partial multiplication groups or one of the first and the second aligned partial multiplication groups; and
generating, by the third adder circuit, a partial sum by using the result data.