Polarized electromagnetic device
An electromagnetic device includes: a substrate comprising an elongated aperture having an overall length, L, and an overall width, W, as observed in a plan view of the device, where L is greater than W; a dielectric medium comprising a dielectric material other than air disposed on the substrate substantially covering the aperture, the dielectric medium having a cross sectional boundary, as viewed in the plan view of the device, that is symmetrical with respect to an in-plane axis of reflection of the dielectric medium; wherein the device is configured such that a line perpendicular to the overall length L of the elongated aperture and passing through a center point of the elongated aperture is not any in-plane axis of reflection.
1. An electromagnetic device, comprising:
a substrate comprising an elongated aperture having an overall length, L, and an overall width, W, as observed in a plan view of the device, where L is greater than W;
a dielectric medium comprising a dielectric material other than air disposed on the substrate substantially covering the aperture, the dielectric medium having a cross sectional boundary, as viewed in the plan view of the device, that is symmetrical with respect to an in-plane axis of reflection of the dielectric medium;
wherein the device is configured such that a line perpendicular to the overall length L of the elongated aperture and passing through a center point of the elongated aperture is not in any in-plane axis of reflection of the dielectric medium.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric medium forms at least a portion of a dielectric resonator antenna, DRA.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the cross-sectional boundary is a cross-sectional outer boundary.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the aperture is an opening in an electrically conductive layer of the substrate.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the aperture is an aperture in a substrate integrated waveguide.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the aperture is an aperture over a stripline or microstrip.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the aperture comprises at least two separate openings in an electrically conductive layer of the substrate.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the aperture is formed by at least a portion of a coplanar waveguide.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein:
the cross sectional boundary has at least one recessed portion that recesses inward toward the aperture from a tangent line that partially bounds the cross sectional boundary.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein:
wherein the at least one recessed portion defines locations of a first portion of the dielectric medium on one side of the at least one recessed portion and a second portion of the dielectric medium on an opposing side of the at least one recessed portion;
wherein, as observed in the plan view of the device, the first portion has a first maximum overall outside dimension, the second portion has a second maximum overall outside dimension, the first portion and the second portion define a neck therebetween, and the neck has a minimum overall outside dimension that is less than the first and second maximum overall outside dimensions.
11. An array of the electromagnetic device of claim 1 , wherein:
corresponding ones of the substrate are structurally and electrically connected with each other in a planar arrangement;
each one of the at least one recessed portion of a corresponding one of the dielectric medium defines locations of a first portion of the corresponding dielectric medium on one side of the at least one recessed portion and a second portion of the corresponding dielectric medium on an opposing side of the at least one recessed portion;
as observed in a plan view of the array, a first set of the dielectric medium have their corresponding first and second portions oriented in a first direction or a second direction relative to an x-y coordinate system of the array, and a second set of the dielectric medium have their corresponding first and second portions oriented in a first direction or a second direction relative to the x-y coordinate system, the second direction being different from the first direction.
12. The array of claim 11 , wherein the first and second directions are neither perpendicular nor parallel to each other.
13. The array of claim 11 , wherein the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other.
14. The array of claim 13 , wherein:
each dielectric medium of the first and second sets of the dielectric medium are oriented in the first direction.
15. The array of claim 13 , wherein:
each dielectric medium of the first and second sets of the dielectric medium are oriented in the second direction.
16. The array of claim 11 , wherein:
the first set of the dielectric medium comprise a first pair of closest adjacent ones of the dielectric medium oriented in the first direction;
the second set of the dielectric medium comprise a second pair of closest adjacent ones of the dielectric medium oriented in the second direction.
17. The array of claim 11 , wherein:
the first set of the dielectric medium comprise a first pair of closest diagonal ones of the dielectric medium oriented in the first direction;
the second set of the dielectric medium comprise a second pair of closest diagonal ones of the dielectric medium oriented in the second direction.
18. The array of claim 11 , wherein:
each first and second portion of a corresponding dielectric medium has an outwardly curved outer boundary with a neck region disposed therebetween.
19. The array of claim 18 , wherein:
each corresponding neck region is formed by a continuation of the outwardly curved outer boundary of the corresponding dielectric medium.
20. The array of claim 18 , wherein:
each corresponding neck region is formed by an inwardly curved outer boundary of the corresponding dielectric medium.
21. The array of claim 20 , wherein:
each corresponding inwardly curved outer boundary is a continuation of a corresponding outwardly curved boundary of the corresponding dielectric medium.