Laminated vehicle glazing, manufacture thereof and device with associated near-infrared vision system
A laminated glazing of a vehicle includes a first extra clear glass sheet (exterior glazing), a lamination interlayer and a second glass sheet (interior glazing) with a through-hole in this second sheet including a mineral piece.
1. A vehicle laminated glazing, with a given thickness, comprising:
a first glass sheet intended to be an exterior glazing, with a first external main face and a second internal main face oriented toward a passenger compartment;
a lamination interlayer made of polymer material with a first main face oriented toward the second internal main face and a second main face opposite the first main face;
a second glass sheet intended to be an interior glazing with a third main face on the side of the second internal main face and a fourth internal main face oriented toward a passenger compartment, wherein the first glass sheet has a total iron oxide content by weight of at most 0.05%,
a through-hole in a thickness of the second glass sheet, the through-hole being centimetric, hole delimited by a wall, closed-off hole or opening hole,
and, in the through-hole, a piece made of mineral material which is transparent at least at a working wavelength in an infrared in a range extending from 800 nm to 1800 nm, which piece has an edge face in contact with or spaced apart from the wall by a distance of at most 5 mm,
the piece having a main bonding surface, bonded to a thermoplastic bonding film which is optionally different from the lamination interlayer, or bonding surface bonded to the second main face of the lamination interlayer and an interior surface opposite from the bonding surface, the interior surface comprising an anti-reflective element at said working wavelength.
2. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein, facing said through-hole, the first glass sheet, the lamination interlayer, the piece with said anti-reflective element has a total transmission of at least 90.0% at the working wavelength.
3. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-reflective element comprises an anti-reflective coating on the interior surface.
4. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 3 , wherein the anti-reflective coating comprises a layer of porous silica.
5. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 3 , wherein the anti-reflective coating comprises a stack of dielectric layers alternating high and low refractive indices at said working wavelength.
6. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the piece is spaced apart from the wall by a distance of at least 0.3 mm and at most 3 mm.
7. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the piece is curved and has a thickness of at least 0.1 mm or 0.3 mm.
8. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 7 , wherein the piece is a tempered glass.
9. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the piece is made of glass having a total iron oxide content by weight of at most 0.05%.
10. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the piece is made of tempered glass or glass-ceramic.
11. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1 , further comprising, under and/or in the through-hole, a selective filter that absorbs in the visible range and is transparent at the working wavelength, spaced apart from or associated with the bonding surface, or the piece forms said selective filter, the laminated glazing then having a total transmission of at most 10.0%, 5.0%, or 1.0% or 0.5% in the visible range.
12. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 11 , wherein the piece forms said selective filter, the piece is a glass or is a glass ceramic, or wherein the piece is transparent in the visible range and comprising said selective filter as a film on the bonding surface.
13. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 11 , wherein the selective filter is a camouflaging coating on the second internal main face, facing the through-hole, and even protruding under the third main face.
14. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the through-hole has a surface section, having a smallest dimension of at least 3 cm and/or a largest dimension of at most 20 cm.
15. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , further comprising a local heating zone under and/or in said through hole, spaced apart or on the bonding surface.
16. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , further comprising a functional element bonded to the lamination interlayer, wherein the functional element comprises a polymer sheet of sub-millimetric thickness, the functional element having a first zone facing the through-hole and, in the first zone, said functional element being transparent at said working wavelength in the infrared.
17. The vehicle glazing according to claim 16 , wherein the functional element comprises on a first main face oriented toward the second internal main face or the third main face:
the electrically conductive coating forming a heating layer facing the through-hole,
and/or the functional element comprises, on the first main face or a second, opposite main face:
a camouflaging coating facing the through-hole and even protruding under the third main face,
or an opaque masking element at least partially offset from the through-hole.
18. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the first glass sheet comprises, on the second internal main face, a functional coating with a first zone facing the through-hole, which functional coating is transparent at said working wavelength in the first zone.
19. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the lamination interlayer comprises a PVB, optionally having a partial interlayer hole, in line with the through-hole, the bonding surface is bonded to second main face of the lamination interlayer, or the lamination interlayer comprises a PVB, having an interlayer through-hole, in line with the through-hole.
20. The vehicle glazing according to claim 1 , further comprising on the second internal main face a functional layer extending over all or part of the glazing, which functional layer is absorbent at said working wavelength and which is absent from said through-hole at least in a central zone of said through-hole and present at an edge of the through-hole between the second internal main face and the first main face of the lamination interlayer,
and wherein optionally a functional coating is on the second internal main face, transparent at the working wavelength, faces the through-hole being in contact with said functional layer.
21. A method for manufacturing said laminated glazing according to claim 1 , comprising:
a) by lamination, the thermoplastic bonding film, which is different from or the same as the interlayer material, is in adhesive contact with the second internal main face or with a functional coating on the second internal main face, or with the second main face of the lamination interlayer or with a polymer film,
b) or by lamination, the piece is in adhesive contact with the second main face of the lamination interlayer, or, before lamination, the piece is curved separately or simultaneously to the first and second glass sheets.
22. A device, comprising:
said laminated glazing according to claim 1 , and
an infrared vision system at the working wavelength in the infrared, arranged in the passenger compartment behind said glazing and comprising a transmitter and/or receiver, so as to transmit and/or receive radiation passing through the first glass sheet at the through-hole.
23. The vehicle laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the second glass sheet has a total iron oxide content by weight of at least 0.4%.