Composite pane for a head-up display comprising a heatable sensor region
A composite pane with an HUD region and a sensor region is provided with an electrically conductive coating that reflects the p-polarized radiation of the HUD projector. The electrically conductive coating has precisely one electrically conductive layer based on silver, below which a lower dielectric layer or layer sequence with a refractive index of at least 1.9 is arranged and above which an upper dielectric layer or layer sequence with a refractive index of at least 1.9 is arranged. The ratio of the optical thickness of the upper dielectric layer or layer sequence to the optical thickness of the lower dielectric layer or layer sequence is at least 1.7. A busbar provided for connection to a voltage source is arranged on both sides of the sensor region and is connected to the coating such that a current path for a heating current is formed between the busbars.
1 . A composite pane for a head-up display (HUD) with a heatable sensor region, comprising:
an outer pane with an exterior-side surface and an interior-side surface, an inner pane with an exterior-side surface and an interior-side surface, wherein the interior-side surface of the outer pane is joined to the exterior-side surface of the inner pane via a thermoplastic intermediate layer,
an electrically conductive coating on the interior-side surface of the outer pane, on the exterior-side surface of the inner pane, or within the intermediate layer,
wherein the composite pane
has an HUD region that is provided for irradiation by an HUD projector with p-polarized radiation, and
has a sensor region that is provided for transmission of electromagnetic radiation for a sensor directed toward the interior-side surface of the inner pane,
and wherein
the electrically conductive coating is adapted to reflect the radiation of the HUD projector,
the electrically conductive coating has precisely one electrically conductive layer based on silver,
a lower dielectric layer or lower dielectric layer sequence, whose refractive index is at least 1.9, is arranged below the electrically conductive layer,
an upper dielectric layer or upper dielectric layer sequence, whose refractive index is at least 1.9, is arranged above the electrically conductive layer,
a ratio of an optical thickness of the upper dielectric layer or upper dielectric layer sequence to an optical thickness of the lower dielectric layer or lower dielectric layer sequence is at least 1.7,
the electrically conductive coating is present within the sensor region so as to completely cover the sensor region,
and wherein a busbar provided for connection to a voltage source is arranged in each case on both sides of the sensor region and is connected to the electrically conductive coating such that a current path for a heating current is formed between the busbars, with said current path running across the sensor region.
2 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , that has light transmittance of at least 70% at an angle of incidence of 0° and light transmittance of at least 50% at an angle of incidence of 73.5°.
3 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a transmittance of p-polarized light to a transmittance of s-polarized light at an angle of incidence of 70° is at least 1.20.
4 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , which has, in a spectral range from 400 nm to 680 nm, an averaged reflectance for p-polarized radiation of at least 10%, wherein a difference between a maximally occurring reflectance and a mean value of the reflectance as well as a difference between a minimally occurring reflectance and the mean value of the reflectance for p-polarized radiation is at most 3%.
5 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , which has an upper edge, a lower edge, and two side edges extending therebetween, wherein one busbar is arranged between the sensor region and one side edge of the two side edges and the other busbar is arranged between the sensor region and the other side edge of the two side edges.
6 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , wherein a heated region of the electrically conductive coating arranged between the busbars has an area of 20 cm 2 to 100 cm 2 , while a majority of the composite pane is not heated by the electrically conductive coating.
7 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , wherein a region of the electrically conductive coating that contains the busbars and the sensor region situated therebetween is electrically isolated from the surrounding electrically conductive coating by an insulation line.
8 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive layer has a geometric thickness of 8 nm to 14 nm.
9 . The composite pane according to claim 8 , wherein the electrically conductive layer has a geometric thickness of 10 nm to 12 nm.
10 . The composite pane according to claim 8 , wherein the electrically conductive layer has a geometric thickness of 10 nm to 11 nm.
11 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , wherein
the optical thickness of the upper dielectric layer or upper dielectric layer sequence is from 100 nm to 200 nm, and
the optical thickness of the lower dielectric layer or lower dielectric layer sequence is from 50 nm to 100 nm.
12 . The composite pane according to claim 11 , wherein
the optical thickness of the upper dielectric layer or upper dielectric layer sequence is from 130 nm to 170 nm, and
the optical thickness of the lower dielectric layer or lower dielectric layer sequence is from 60 nm to 90 nm.
13 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , wherein the upper dielectric layer or upper dielectric layer sequence and the lower dielectric layer or lower dielectric layer sequence, independently of one another, have, in each case:
an anti-reflection layer based on silicon nitride,
optionally, a matching layer based on zinc oxide, and
optionally, a refractive-index-enhancing layer based on a mixed silicon-metal nitride.
14 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , wherein the outer pane and the inner pane are made of clear soda lime glass.
15 . The composite pane according to claim 1 , which is a vehicle windshield, wherein the sensor region is arranged outside and the HUD region is arranged at least partially within the field of vision B or I according to ECE-R43, wherein the field of vision B or I is not heated by the electrically conductive coating.
16 . A projection assembly for a head-up display (HUD), comprising:
a composite pane according to claim 1 ,
a sensor attached to the interior-side surface of the inner pane and directed toward the sensor region, and
an HUD projector, which is directed toward the HUD region and whose radiation is p-polarized.
17 . The projection assembly according to claim 16 , wherein the sensor is an IR sensor, a light sensor, a UV sensor, a camera, a radar system, or a lidar system.
18 . The projection assembly according to claim 16 , wherein the radiation of the projector strikes the windshield at an angle of incidence of 60° to 70°.