Systems and methods for dull grading
Embodiments of the invention relate to automatically dull grading drill bits and portions thereof based on three-dimensional digital models made from one or more images of the drill bits taken at a drilling site by an electronic device with a time-of-flight camera, wherein a method for evaluating drill bits at a site of a drilling rig is disclosed. The method includes receiving, from a requestor, a plurality of images of a drill bit that has been used, at least some of the plurality of images including time-of-flight images that have been captured by an electronic device (e.g., a computing device, an electronic device, etc.) on-site at or near a drill rig. The method includes generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images.
1 . A method for evaluating a drill bit, the method comprising:
receiving, from a requestor, a plurality of images of the drill bit that has been used in drilling a subterranean formation, at least some of the plurality of images including time-of-flight images that have been captured by an electronic device on-site at or near a drill rig;
generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images;
evaluating the digital model with a computing device programmed to:
identify each cutter of a plurality of cutters carried by the drill bit;
differentiating between materials on the drill bit or components thereof;
determine an original radius of at least one cutter of the plurality of cutters using an unworn or substantially unworn portion of the at least one cutter;
analyzing the at least one cutter of the drill bit to determine a wear percentage of the at least one cutter by analyzing the at least one cutter to determine a variation between an original shape of the at least one cutter inferred from the original radius of the at least one cutter and a current shape of the at least one cutter; and
determine a condition of the at least one cutter of the plurality of cutters; and
outputting the determined condition of the at least one cutter to the requestor.
2 . The method of claim 1 wherein receiving, from a requestor, a plurality of images of the drill bit includes receiving images from a plurality of points of view of the drill bit.
3 . The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of images additionally include color images captured without a flash and color images captured with a flash.
4 . The method of claim 1 wherein generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images includes combining image data from the plurality of images, including utilizing depth data provided by the time-of-flight images, to form a three-dimensional model of the drill bit.
5 . The method of claim 1 wherein generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images includes fitting pixels of one or more structures in a first image with pixels of the one or more structures from at least a second image to form the three-dimensional model of the drill bit.
6 . The method of claim 1 wherein evaluating the digital model with a computing device programmed to determine a condition of at least one cutter includes comparing, with the computing device, at least one identified cutter of the plurality of cutters to a model of an unused version of the at least one identified cutter.
7 . The method of claim 1 wherein evaluating the digital model with a computing device includes determining if one or more of spalling, wear, cracking, delamination, breakage, and corrosion are present in the digital model.
8 . The method of claim 7 wherein outputting the determined condition of the at least one cutter to the requestor includes outputting an indication of an extent of one or more of spalling, wear, cracking, delamination, breakage, and corrosion of the at least one cutter.
9 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising outputting an expected life of the at least one cutter based on the determined condition of the at least one cutter.
10 . The method of claim 1 wherein evaluating the digital model includes:
detecting one or more polycrystalline diamond compacts on one or more blades of the drill bit; and
responsive to detecting the one or more polycrystalline diamond compacts, at least one of:
determining a position of the one or more polycrystalline diamond compacts relative to a rotational axis of the drill bit;
overlaying one or more boundary boxes over the one or more polycrystalline diamond compacts in at least one of the digital model or the one or more color images; or
determining a probability score for the one or more polycrystalline diamond compacts, the probability score indicating the likelihood that the one or more polycrystalline diamond compact are correctly or erroneously detected as polycrystalline diamond compacts.
11 . The method of claim 1 wherein evaluating the digital model includes recognizing the at least two of blades, junk slots, or nozzles of the drill bit using the time-of-flight data; and
generating an image of the top of the drill bit to display, the image using at least one of a color overlay or depth map to distinguish the at least two of the blades, the junk slots, or the nozzles of the drill bit.
12 . The method of claim 1 wherein generating the digital model of the drill bit includes excluding one or more background drill bits contained in the plurality of images.
13 . The method of claim 1 wherein evaluating the digital model includes:
determining a first distance measured from the electronic device to a first blade of the drill bit to be detected using the time-of-flight data;
determining a second distance measured from the electronic device to a second blade of the drill bit using the time-of-flight data wherein the second blade is in the foreground or the background of the first blade and the second distance is different than the first distance; and
distinguishing between the first blade and the second blades based on second distance being different than the first distance.
14 . The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of cutters include at least one polycrystalline diamond compact including a polycrystalline diamond table bonded to a substrate; and
wherein evaluating the digital model includes determining a boundary of the polycrystalline diamond table.
15 . The method of claim 1 wherein differentiating between materials on the drill bit or components thereof includes differentiating between a polycrystalline diamond table and a substrate attached to the polycrystalline diamond table.
16 . A method for evaluating a drill bit, the method comprising:
capturing a plurality of images of the drill bit that has been used in drilling a subterranean formation, at least some of the plurality of images including time-of-flight images that have been captured by an electronic device, the at least some of the plurality of images including a first distance measured from the electronic device to a first blade of the drill bit using time-of-flight data and a second distance measured from the electronic device to a second blade of the drill bit using the time-of-flight data, wherein the second blade is in the foreground or the background of the first blade and the second distance is different than the first distance;
outputting the plurality of images to an image processor for:
generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images; and
evaluating the digital model with a processing element programmed to:
identify each cutter of a plurality of cutters carried by the drill bit;
differentiating between materials on the drill bit or components thereof;
distinguish between the first blade and the second blade based on the second distance being different than the first distance; and
determine a condition of at least one cutter of the plurality of cutters; and
receiving the determined condition of the at least one cutter from the image processor.
17 . The method of claim 16 wherein evaluating the digital model includes determine an original radius of one or more cutters using an unworn or substantially unworn portion of the one or more cutters; and
analyzing the one or more cutters of the drill bit to determine a wear percentage of the one or more cutters includes analyzing the one or more cutters to determine a variation between an original shape of the one or more cutters inferred from the original radius of the one or more cutters and a current shape of the one or more cutters.
18 . A system for evaluating cutter wear, the system comprising:
a computing device having machine readable and executable instructions for:
receiving, from a requestor, a plurality of images of a drill bit that has been used in drilling a subterranean formation, at least some of the plurality of images including time-of-flight images that have been captured by an electronic device on-site at or near a drill rig;
generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images;
evaluating the digital model with a computing device programmed to:
identify each cutter of a plurality of cutters carried by the drill bit;
differentiating between materials on the drill bit or components thereof;
determine an original radius of at least one cutter of the plurality of cutters using an unworn or substantially unworn portion of the at least one cutter;
analyzing the at least one cutter of the drill bit to determine a wear percentage of the at least one cutter by analyzing the at least one cutter to determine a variation between an original shape of the at least one cutter inferred from the original radius of the at least one cutter and a current shape of the at least one cutter; and
determine a condition of the at least one cutter of the plurality of cutters; and
outputting the determined condition of the at least one cutter to the requestor.
19 . The system of claim 18 wherein the machine readable and executable instructions for generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images include instructions for fitting pixels of one or more structures in a first image with pixels of the one or more structures from at least a second image to form a three-dimensional model of the drill bit.
20 . The system of claim 18 wherein the machine readable and executable instructions for generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the plurality of images include instructions for combining image data from the plurality of images to form a three-dimensional model of the drill bit utilizing depth data provided by the time-of-flight images.
21 . The system of claim 20 wherein the machine readable and executable instructions for evaluating the digital model with a computing device programmed to determine a condition of at least one cutter includes instructions for comparing, with the computing device, at least one identified cutter of the plurality of cutters to a model of an unused version of the at least one identified cutter.
22 . The system of claim 18 wherein the machine readable and executable instructions for evaluating the digital model includes instructions for determining if one or more of spalling, wear, cracking, delamination, breakage, or corrosion are present in the digital model.
23 . A system for evaluating wear of a drill bit, the system comprising:
a ranging imaging device configured to generate time-of-flight data, the ranging imaging device configured to detect a first distance measured from the ranging imaging device to a first blade of the drill bit using the time-of-flight data and a second distance measured from the electronic device to a second blade of the drill bit using the time-of-flight data, wherein the second blade is in the foreground or the background of the first blade and the second distance is different than the first distance;
a color camera configured to generate one or more color images;
one or more orientation sensors configured to determine an orientation of at least one of the ranging imaging device or the color camera;
a computing device including at least one processing element and machine readable and executable instructions, the machine readable and executable instructions for:
generating a digital model of the drill bit based on the time-of-flight data generated with the ranging imaging device and the one or more color images generated by the color camera;
distinguish between the first blade and the second blade based on the second distance being different than the first distance; and
evaluating the digital model with a processing element using one or more machine learning modules by at least differentiating between materials on the drill bit or components thereof.