Surface modified carbon black to simultaneously improve rolling resistance, wet traction, and wear resistance
A method of producing a surface modified low hysteresis carbon black (SMLHCB). The method includes treating a surface of a low hysteresis carbon black with from about 0.1 to about 50 wt % of a surface modifier to form the SMLHCB. The surface modifier includes an amino acid and at least one amine group.
1. A method of producing a surface modified low hysteresis carbon black (SMLHCB), the method comprising:
treating a surface of a low hysteresis carbon black with from about 0.1 to about 50 wt % of a surface modifier to form the SMLHCB, wherein the surface modifier comprises an amino acid and at least one amine group.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid comprises a naturally occurring amino acid; a modified natural amino acid; a synthetic amino acid; a dimer thereof; a polymer thereof; a salt thereof; or a combination thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid comprises cysteine, cystine, homocysteine, homocystine, methionine, or a combination thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid has at least one thiol group, and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage, or an organic and/or inorganic compound containing at least one amine group, and at least one thiol group and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface modifier is chemically linked to the surface via single or multiple bonds.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said SMLHCB compound has a widened aggregate size distribution with higher percentage of larger aggregates than a standard ASTM grade carbon black that is not low hysteresis.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein an aggregate size of the low hysteresis carbon black filler is in a range of from about 0.005 to about 1.0 micrometers (μm).
8. A method of producing a surface modified low hysteresis carbon black (SMLHCB), the method comprising:
treating a surface of a low hysteresis carbon black with from about 0.1 to about 50 wt % of a surface modifier to form the SMLHCB, wherein the surface modifier comprises at least one amine group and is chemically linked to the surface via single or multiple bonds.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the surface modifier is chemically linked to the surface by an amide or other bond formation, chemisorption, and/or physisorption.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the surface modifier is linked to the surface by at least one of: van der Waals interactions with a porous three-dimensional graphite lattice of the low hysteresis carbon black, covalent and/or ionic or other non-valent interactions with active surface moieties of the surface.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said active surface moieties comprise oxygen, nitrogen, and/or sulfur on the surface.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the surface modifier comprises an amino acid having at least one thiol group, and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage, or an organic and/or inorganic compound containing at least one amine group, and at least one thiol group and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein said SMLHCB compound has a widened aggregate size distribution with higher percentage of larger aggregates than a standard ASTM grade carbon black that is not low hysteresis.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein an aggregate size of the low hysteresis carbon black filler is in a range of from about 0.005 to about 1.0 micrometers (μm).
15. A method of producing a surface modified low hysteresis carbon black (SMLHCB), the method comprising:
treating a surface of a low hysteresis carbon black with from about 0.1 to about 50 wt % of a surface modifier to form the SMLHCB, wherein the surface modifier comprises at least one amine group; and
oxidizing the surface prior to treating the surface with the low hysteresis carbon black to produce the SMLHCB compound.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the surface was oxidized by ozone treatment, heat treatment, plasma treatment, gaseous or aqueous hydrogen peroxide treatment, nitrogen oxides treatment, liquid nitric acid treatment, or a combination thereof.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the surface modifier comprises an amino acid having at least one thiol group, and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage, or an organic and/or inorganic compound containing at least one amine group, and at least one thiol group and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the surface modifier is chemically linked to the surface via single or multiple bonds.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein said SMLHCB compound has a widened aggregate size distribution with higher percentage of larger aggregates than a standard ASTM grade carbon black that is not low hysteresis.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the SMLHCB has a surface area in a range of from about 20 to about 200 m 2 /g.