FRACTURING FLUID COMPOSITIONS WITH OXIDIZERS AND NANOPARTICLES AND RELATED METHODS
The disclosure relates to compositions and methods that include fluid compositions that include nanoparticles and an oxidizer. The fluid compositions can be used as hydraulic fracturing fluids during drilling operations.
1 . A composition comprising:
nanoparticles; and
an oxidizer;
wherein the composition is a fluid.
2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles are uncrosslinked.
3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of silica, titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), silver oxide (AgO), magnesium oxide (MgO), nickel oxide (NiO), zirconium oxide (ZrO), and cadmium oxide (CdO).
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise silica.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises 0.1 wt % to 10.0 wt % nanoparticles.
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a hypochlorite, a chlorite, a chlorate, a perchlorate, a hypobromite, a bromite, a bromate, a perbromate, a peroxide, a nitrite, a nitrate, a persulfate, a tetraborate, a percarbonate, a hypochlorite, an iodate, a periodate, a chromate, a dichromate, and a permanganate.
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a hypochlorite, a chlorite, a chlorate, a perchlorate, a hypobromite, a bromite, a bromate, and a perbromate.
8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of LiClO 3 , NaClO 3 , KClO 3 , Mg(ClO 3 ) 2 , Ca(ClO 3 ) 2 , Sr(ClO 3 ) 2 , Ba(ClO 3 ) 2 , LiBrO 3 , NaBrO 3 , KBrO 3 , Mg(BrO 3 ) 2 , Ca(BrO 3 ) 2 , Sr(BrO 3 ) 2 , Ba(BrO 3 ) 2 , F 2 , Cl 2 , MgO 2 , CaO 2 , NaNO 2 , NaNO 3 , Na 2 S 2 O 8 , Na 2 B 4 O 7 , Na 2 H 3 CO 6 , H 2 O 2 , NaClO, Ca(IO 3 ) 2 , KIO 3 , KH(IO 3 ) 2 , NaIO 4 , KIO 4 , Na 2 CrO 4 , Na 2 Cr 2 O 7 , K 2 Cr 2 O 7 , NaMnO 4 , and KMnO 4 .
9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of LiClO 3 , NaClO 3 , KClO 3 , Mg(ClO 3 ) 2 , Ca(ClO 3 ) 2 , Sr(ClO 3 ) 2 , Ba(ClO 3 ) 2 , LiBrO 3 , NaBrO 3 , KBrO 3 , Mg(BrO 3 ) 2 , Ca(BrO 3 ) 2 , Sr(BrO 3 ) 2 , and Ba(BrO 3 ) 2 .
10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer has a standard reduction potential of greater than 0.40 V.
11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer has a standard reduction potential of 0.40 V to 3.00 V.
12 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizer has an activation temperature of under 150° C.
13 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises 1 pounds per thousand gallons (pptg) to 100 pptg oxidizer.
14 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises 10 pptg to 50 pptg oxidizer.
15 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is slickwater-based, linear gel-based, viscoelastic surfactant-based, or polymer-based gel-based.
16 . The composition of claim 1 , comprising:
0.1 wt % to 10.0 wt % silica nanoparticles; and
10 pptg to 50 pptg oxidizer, wherein the oxidizer comprises a member selected from the group consisting of LiClO 3 , NaClO 3 , KClO 3 , Mg(ClO 3 ) 2 , Ca(ClO 3 ) 2 , Sr(ClO 3 ) 2 , Ba(ClO 3 ) 2 , LiBrO 3 , NaBrO 3 , KBrO 3 , Mg(BrO 3 ) 2 , Ca(BrO 3 ) 2 , Sr(BrO 3 ) 2 , and Ba(BrO 3 ) 2 .
17 . A method, comprising:
injecting the composition of claim 1 into a rock formation to form fractures in the rock formation.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein:
the nanoparticles comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of silica, titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), silver oxide (AgO), magnesium oxide (MgO), nickel oxide (NiO), zirconium oxide (ZrO), cadmium oxide (CdO); and
the oxidizer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a hypochlorite, a chlorite, a chlorate, a perchlorate, a hypobromite, a bromite, a bromate, a perbromate, a peroxide, a nitrite, a nitrate, a persulfate, a tetraborate, a percarbonate, a hypochlorite, an iodate, a periodate, a chromate, a dichromate, and a permanganate.
19 . A method, comprising:
blending an oxidizer into a first fluid to form a fluid comprising an oxidizer;
blending nanoparticles into a second fluid to form a fluid comprising nanoparticles;
injecting the fluid comprising an oxidizer and the fluid comprising nanoparticles into a rock formation to form the composition; and
creating fractures in the rock formation.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein:
the nanoparticles comprise at least one member selected from the group consisting of silica, titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), silver oxide (AgO), magnesium oxide (MgO), nickel oxide (NiO), zirconium oxide (ZrO), cadmium oxide (CdO); and
the oxidizer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a hypochlorite, a chlorite, a chlorate, a perchlorate, a hypobromite, a bromite, a bromate, a perbromate, a peroxide, a nitrite, a nitrate, a persulfate, a tetraborate, a percarbonate, a hypochlorite, an iodate, a periodate, a chromate, a dichromate, and a permanganate.