Gear shift actuator
A gear shift actuator includes a linear drive assembly having a supported rotary member that is axially unmovable, an electric motor for rotating the rotary member, and a driven component engaged by the rotary member to transmit rotary movement into a linear axial movement of the driven component to drive a shift fork between a neutral and a first gear engaged position. The assembly includes wherein the rotary member has a hollow cylindrical sleeve having a first cam follower and the driven component has a first barrel cam that receives the cam follower and is supported in the sleeve by a central rod to be slidably axially moveable but locked against rotational movements. The supported central rod is also axially moveable but locked against rotational movements and carries a second end stop at a distance to the first barrel cam and is configured to be linked to a shift fork.
1. A gear shift actuator comprising:
a linear drive assembly having a rotary member which is supported in a housing to be rotatable, but unmovable in an axial direction defined by its rotary axis,
an electric motor for rotating the rotary member, and
a driven component engaged by the rotary member to transmit rotary movement of the rotary member into a linear movement of the driven component along the axial direction for driving a shift fork from a neutral position to a first gear engaged position and back to neutral, when the rotary member is driven to rotate in a first sense of rotation and in a second sense of rotation opposite to the first sense of rotation, respectively,
characterized in that:
the rotary member comprises a hollow cylindrical sleeve ( 4 ) which is provided with a first cam follower ( 6 ) projecting inwardly from an inner wall of the sleeve ( 4 ),
the driven component comprises a first barrel cam ( 10 ) which has a helical cam groove ( 12 ) in its outer wall configured to receive the first cam follower ( 6 ) and which is supported in the sleeve ( 4 ) by a central rod ( 30 ) to be slidably moveable in the sleeve along the central rod ( 30 ) in axial direction but to be locked against rotational movements around the axial direction with respect to the central rod ( 30 ),
the central rod ( 30 ) is supported in the housing to be moveable in axial direction but to be locked against rotational movements around the axial direction, and carries a second end stop ( 34 ) coupled thereto at a distance to the first barrel cam ( 10 ), the central rod ( 30 ) being configured to project from the housing and to be linked to a shift fork for driving the shift fork,
a compression mechanism ( 40 ) is configured to extend the central rod ( 30 ) from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) by biasing the second end stop ( 34 ) away from the first barrel cam ( 10 ), wherein the biased movement is limited by a first end stop ( 32 ) on the central rod ( 30 ) abutting against the first barrel cam ( 10 ), and
the helical cam groove is configured such that rotation of the sleeve ( 4 ) in the first sense of rotation moves the first barrel cam ( 10 ) axially in a first direction, which movement is transmitted via the compression mechanism ( 40 ) to the central rod ( 30 ) to drive a coupled shift fork ( 50 ) from the neutral position towards the first gear engaged position, and such that rotation of the sleeve ( 4 ) in the second sense of rotation moves the first barrel cam in an opposite second direction, which movement is transmitted to the central rod ( 30 ) to drive a coupled shift fork ( 50 ) from the first gear engaged position to the neutral position.
2. The gear shift actuator according to claim 1 , characterized in that:
between the second end stop ( 34 ) and the compression mechanism ( 40 ) a second barrel cam ( 20 ) is supported by the central rod ( 30 ) to be axially moveable, but locked against rotational movement around the axial direction with respect to the central rod, the second barrel cam ( 20 ) being biased by the compression mechanism ( 40 ) towards the second end stop ( 34 ),
the sleeve ( 4 ) is provided with a second cam follower ( 8 ) which is circumferentially aligned with the first cam follower ( 6 ) and which is received in a helical cam groove ( 22 ) of the second barrel cam ( 20 ),
each of the helical cam grooves ( 12 , 22 ) extends partially around the circumference, whereas the remaining circumferential portion of the respective barrel cam surface is a recessed portion ( 14 , 24 ) such that the respective cam follower ( 6 , 8 ) is free to move in the recessed portion ( 14 , 24 ) in axial direction, and
the helical cam grooves ( 12 , 22 ) of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) are in rotational direction offset by 180° with respect to each other such that, when the first cam follower ( 6 ) is entering the cam groove ( 12 ) of the first barrel cam ( 10 ), the second cam follower ( 8 ) is leaving its cam groove and entering the recessed portion ( 24 ) of the second barrel cam ( 20 ), so that, when the central rod ( 30 ) is in the position corresponding to the neutral position of a coupled shift fork, rotation of the sleeve ( 4 ) in the second sense of rotation moves the second barrel cam ( 20 ) in the second direction ( 2 ), which movement is transmitted through the compression mechanism ( 40 ) to the central rod ( 30 ) to drive a coupled shift fork ( 50 ) from neutral position towards a second gear engaged position, and such that, when the central rod ( 30 ) is in the position corresponding to the second gear engaged position of a coupled shift fork, rotation of the sleeve ( 4 ) in the first sense of rotation moves the second barrel cam ( 20 ) in the first direction ( 1 ), which movement is transmitted to the central rod ( 30 ) to drive a coupled shift fork ( 50 ) from the second gear engaged position back to the neutral position.
3. The gear shift actuator according to claim 1 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) is formed by a compression spring extending in the axial direction from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) along the central rod in a direction towards the second end stop ( 34 ) on the central rod ( 30 ) remote from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) to bias the second end stop ( 34 ) away from the first barrel cam ( 10 ).
4. The gear shift actuator according to claim 2 , characterized in that the central rod has a non-circular cross-sectional shape and that each of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) has an opening of complementary cross-sectional shape such that the central rod ( 30 ), when it is received in the openings of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ), allows sliding movement of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) in axial direction but locks the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) against any rotational movements around the axial direction.
5. The gear shift actuator according to claim 1 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) and a sliding resistance of the first barrel cam ( 10 ) for axial movements on the central rod ( 30 ) are arranged such that the first barrel cam starts moving along the central rod and starts to compress the compression mechanism ( 40 ) once a predetermined threshold force is acting between the first barrel cam ( 10 ) and the central rod ( 30 ).
6. The gear shift actuator according to claim 2 , characterized in that the second barrel cam ( 20 ) has the same shape as the first barrel cam ( 10 ) but is rotated with respect to the first barrel cam ( 10 ) such that their respective front faces are facing each other, wherein the second barrel cam is further rotated by 180° around the axial direction relative to the first barrel cam ( 10 ).
7. The gear shift actuator according to claim 2 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) is formed by a compression spring extending in the axial direction from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) along the central rod in a direction towards the second end stop ( 34 ) on the central rod ( 30 ) remote from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) to bias the second end stop ( 34 ) away from the first barrel cam ( 10 ).
8. The gear shift actuator according to claim 3 , characterized in that the central rod has a non-circular cross-sectional shape and that each of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) has an opening of complementary cross-sectional shape such that the central rod ( 30 ), when it is received in the openings of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ), allows sliding movement of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) in axial direction but locks the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) against any rotational movements around the axial direction.
9. The gear shift actuator according to claim 2 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) and a sliding resistance of the first barrel cam ( 10 ) for axial movements on the central rod ( 30 ) are arranged such that the first barrel cam starts moving along the central rod and starts to compress the compression mechanism ( 40 ) once a predetermined threshold force is acting between the first barrel cam ( 10 ) and the central rod ( 30 ).
10. The gear shift actuator according to claim 3 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) and a sliding resistance of the first barrel cam ( 10 ) for axial movements on the central rod ( 30 ) are arranged such that the first barrel cam starts moving along the central rod and starts to compress the compression mechanism ( 40 ) once a predetermined threshold force is acting between the first barrel cam ( 10 ) and the central rod ( 30 ).
11. The gear shift actuator according to claim 4 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) and a sliding resistance of the first barrel cam ( 10 ) for axial movements on the central rod ( 30 ) are arranged such that the first barrel cam starts moving along the central rod and starts to compress the compression mechanism ( 40 ) once a predetermined threshold force is acting between the first barrel cam ( 10 ) and the central rod ( 30 ).
12. The gear shift actuator according to claim 4 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) is formed by a compression spring extending in the axial direction from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) along the central rod in a direction towards the second end stop ( 34 ) on the central rod ( 30 ) remote from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) to bias the second end stop ( 34 ) away from the first barrel cam ( 10 ).
13. The gear shift actuator according to claim 9 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) is formed by a compression spring extending in the axial direction from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) along the central rod in a direction towards the second end stop ( 34 ) on the central rod ( 30 ) remote from the first barrel cam ( 10 ) to bias the second end stop ( 34 ) away from the first barrel cam ( 10 ).
14. The gear shift actuator according to claim 9 , characterized in that the central rod has a non-circular cross-sectional shape and that each of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) has an opening of complementary cross-sectional shape such that the central rod ( 30 ), when it is received in the openings of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ), allows sliding movement of the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) in axial direction but locks the first and second barrel cams ( 10 , 20 ) against any rotational movements around the axial direction.
15. The gear shift actuator according to claim 9 , characterized in that the compression mechanism ( 40 ) and a sliding resistance of the first barrel cam ( 10 ) for axial movements on the central rod ( 30 ) are arranged such that the first barrel cam starts moving along the central rod and starts to compress the compression mechanism ( 40 ) once a predetermined threshold force is acting between the first barrel cam ( 10 ) and the central rod ( 30 ).