METHODS FOR DETERMINING A SOURCE OF WOOD PRODUCTS, WOOD PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITIONS, WOOD PRODUCTS, AND METHODS OF TREATING WOOD SUBSTRATES
Methods for determining a source of wood products, wood products, wood preservative compositions, and methods of treating wood substrates are provided. The method comprises detecting a presence of a marker in the wood product and determining the source of the wood product based on the detected presence of the marker.
1 . A method for determining a source of a treated wood product, the method comprising:
detecting a presence of a marker in the treated wood product; and
determining the source of the treated wood product based on the detected presence of the marker.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the marker comprises a metal oxide, a metal salt, or combinations thereof.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the detecting the presence of the marker comprises determining a color of the treated wood product, measuring presence of the marker with an analytical instrument, contacting the treated wood product with a secondary indicator, or combinations thereof.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the marker comprises zinc sulfate.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the detecting the presence of the marker comprises contacting the treated wood product with a secondary indicator, wherein the treated wood product changes color in response to presence of the marker.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the secondary indicator comprises a chelating agent.
7 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the secondary indicator comprises dithizone.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the marker comprises iron oxide.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the detecting the presence of the marker comprises determining a color of the treated wood product.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the detecting the presence of the marker comprises measuring presence of the marker with an analytical instrument and wherein the analytical instrument utilizes X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductive coupled plasma spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, or combinations thereof.
11 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to detecting the presence of the marker, removing a portion of the treated wood product to expose a surface of the treated wood product.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the removing the portion of the treated wood product comprises cutting, sawing, sanding, slicing, milling, machining, splitting, drilling, or combinations thereof.
13 . A wood preservative composition comprising:
at least 0.1% by weight of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) based on a total weight of the wood preservative composition;
0.01% to 10% by weight of a metal salt and/or a metal oxide based on the total weight of the wood preservative composition; and
an aqueous solvent.
14 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein a weight ratio of the CCA to the metal salt and/or metal oxide is in a range of 1:10 to 500:1.
15 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the wood preservative composition comprises 0.6% by weight to 6% by weight of the CCA based on the total weight of the wood preservative composition.
16 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the metal salt comprises zinc, iron, or combinations thereof.
17 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the metal salt comprises a metal sulfate, a metal chloride, a metal nitrate, or combinations thereof.
18 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the metal salt comprises zinc sulfate.
19 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the wood preservative composition comprises 0.01% to 3.0% by weight of the metal salt.
20 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the wood preservative composition further comprises a colorant, an ultraviolet stabilizer, a de-foamer, a water repellent, an additional biocide, a fungicide, a termiticide, a fire retardant, a mold inhibitor, a wax oil emulsion, or combinations thereof.
21 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the wood preservative composition has a pH in a range of 0.1 to 3.0 as measured at a temperature in a range of 20° C. to 30° C.
22 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the wood preservative composition is a concentrate.
23 . The wood preservative composition of claim 13 , wherein the wood preservative composition is a diluted composition.
24 . A treated wood product produced by treating a wood substrate with the wood preservative composition of claim 13 .
25 . The treated wood product of claim 24 , wherein the treated wood product retains at least 0.1 pounds of per cubic foot of total CCA active oxides as defined in 2023 AWPA Book of Standards.
26 . The treated wood product of claim 24 , wherein the treated wood product retains at least 10 grams of metal salt and/or metal oxide per cubic meter of the treated wood product.
27 . The treated wood product of claim 24 , wherein the metal salt and/or metal oxide exhibits a leachability of no greater than 40% from the wood product measured according to AWPA E11 leaching water study.
28 . The treated wood product of claim 24 , wherein the treated wood product comprises timber, plywood, laminated veneer lumber, cross laminated timber, parallel strand lumber, structural glued laminated timber, particle board, dimensional lumber, or combinations thereof.
29 . The treated wood product of claim 24 , wherein the treated wood product comprises a deck, a rail, a fence, a utility pole, a post, a pile, a railway tie, a railroad bridge, cladding, siding, or combinations thereof.
30 . The treated wood product of claim 24 , wherein the treated wood product comprises eucalyptus, southern pine, Douglas fir, Jack pine, red pine, Lodgepole pine, radiata pine, Alaska yellow cedar, Hem-fir, Nordic pine, Scotts pine, white spruce, Spruce-Pine-Fir, redwood, white oak, red oak, maple, black and red gum, Norway spruce, Sitka spruce, western red cedar, western larch, ponderosa pine, or combinations thereof.
31 . A method for manufacturing a treated wood product, the method comprising
treating a wood substrate with the wood preservative composition of claim 13 , thereby forming the treated wood product.
32 . The method of claim 31 , wherein the method comprises contacting the wood substrate with the wood preservative composition for a period of time suitable to inhibit fungal decay of the wood substrate.
33 . The method of claim 32 , wherein the contacting the wood substrate with the wood preservative composition comprises a pressure process, a vacuum process, or combinations thereof.