SYNTHETIC GYPSUM FILLER BASED JOINT COMPOUND WITH LOW COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION
A drying-type joint compound and related methods, the drying-type joint compound having a lowered friction coefficient and formulated with chloride-containing flue-gas-desulfurization (FGD) gypsum powder having the median particle size (D50) of at least about 20 μm, preferably the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder having a D10 greater than 5 μm, wherein the drying-type joint compound further comprises a binder; one or more clays; a cellulosic thickener; and an additive.
1 . A drying-type joint compound composition comprising:
a) chloride-containing flue-gas-desulfurization (FGD) gypsum powder having the median particle size (D50) of at least about 20 μm;
b) a binder;
c) one or more clays;
d) a cellulosic thickener; and
e) an additive.
2 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the median particle size (D50) is measured in a dynamic light scattering analyzer and wherein the drying-type joint compound composition when mixed with water and allowed to dry has a friction coefficient lower than a friction coefficient of a drying-type joint compound comprising natural gypsum having the median particle size (D50) of about 15 μm.
3 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder comprises one or more of the following chloride salts: calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and/or any combination thereof.
4 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder contains from about 500 PPM to about 20,000 PPM of chloride.
5 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder is obtained by a method comprising:
a) oxidizing an aqueous chloride-containing slurry comprising calcium sulfite into chloride-containing FGD gypsum slurry, and
b) dewatering the chloride-containing FGD gypsum slurry produced in step a) into dewatered chloride-containing FGD gypsum, and
wherein the method is performed without a step of lowering the chloride concentration.
6 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises removing fine particles from the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder.
7 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive includes a polymeric additive selected from one or more of the following: a surfactant, redispersible powdered latex, dispersing agent, humectant, defoaming agent, a plasticizer, polyethylene oxide, a phospholipid, or any combination thereof.
8 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder has the D50 value in the range from about 20 μm to about 80 μm.
9 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein
the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder is in an amount ranging from about 50 wt % to about 95 wt % on a dry basis of the drying-type joint compound composition; or
the drying-type joint compound composition further comprises calcium carbonate, and wherein the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder together with calcium carbonate comprise from about 50 wt % to about 95 wt % on a dry basis of the dry-type joint compound composition.
10 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the drying-type joint compound composition comprises on a dry basis:
about 50 wt % to about 95 wt % of the FGD gypsum powder;
about 0.5 wt % to about 15 wt % of the binder;
about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % of the one or more clays;
about 0.05 wt % to about 3 wt % of the cellulosic thickener; and
about 0.1 wt % to about 3 wt % of the additive comprising one or more of the following: acrylic rheological modifier, biocide, pigment, fungicide, dispersing agent, humectant, defoaming agent, plasticizer, dedusting agent, starch, or any combination thereof.
11 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the drying-type joint compound composition further comprises one or more of the following light-weight fillers: perlite, expanded perlite, coated expended perlite, mica, hollow glass microspheres, talc, polyethylene hollow microspheres, ceramic microspheres, solid glass microspheres, plastic microspheres, or any mixture thereof.
12 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 11 , wherein the one or more of the light-weight fillers are used in an amount from about 0.5 wt % to about 25 wt % on a dry basis of the drying-type joint compound.
13 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder comprises about 0.04 wt % to about 1.5 wt % chloride by weight.
14 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the drying-type joint compound composition further comprises one or more of the following dedusting agents: a wax, oil, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, siloxane, or any combination thereof.
15 . The drying-type joint compound of claim 1 , wherein the binder is a latex binder with a high glass transition temperature (T g ).
16 . The drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 , wherein the drying-type joint compound composition further comprises one or more of ASE and/or HASE rheological modifiers.
17 . A ready-mixed drying-type joint compound, wherein the ready-mixed drying-type joint compound comprises the drying-type joint compound composition of claim 1 and water in the following amounts:
about 25.0-67.0 wt % of the chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder containing about 0.04-1.5 wt % of chloride;
about 0.1-5.0 wt % of the binder;
the one or more clays comprising about 0.5-5.0 wt % attapulgite clay and about 0.1-3.0 wt % of kaolin clay;
about 0.1-0.6 wt % of the cellulosic thickener;
about 0.1-2.0 wt % of the additive; and
about 25.0-55.0 wt % water.
18 . The ready-mixed drying-type joint compound of claim 17 , wherein the water is seawater.
19 . A method for producing flue-gas-desulfurization (FGD) gypsum powder for use in a drying-type joint compound, the method comprising: dewatering a slurry comprising chloride-containing FGD gypsum into dewatered chloride-containing FGD gypsum, wherein the resulting chloride-containing FGD gypsum powder contains from about 500 PPM to about 20,000 PPM of chloride.