MAGNET WIRE WITH THERMOPLASTIC INSULATION THAT REDUCES COPPER POISONING
Magnet wire with thermoplastic insulation that reduces copper poisoning may include a conductor, and at least one layer of thermoplastic insulation formed around the conductor. Additionally, the thermoplastic insulation may include a matrix polymeric material and one or more additives incorporated into the matrix polymeric material, wherein the one or more additives mitigate copper poisoning, such as migration of copper ions from the conductor into the insulation layer, decomposition of the insulation layer as a result of copper ions, and/or oxidation on the surface of the conductor.
1 . A magnet wire comprising:
a conductor comprising copper; and
at least one insulation layer formed around the conductor, the insulation layer comprising:
a matrix thermoplastic polymeric material; and
one or more additives incorporated into the matrix polymeric material, wherein the one or more additives mitigate copper poisoning.
2 . The magnet wire of claim 1 , wherein the matrix polymeric material comprises a polymer including at least one ketone group in one of repeat units in one macromolecule.
3 . The magnet wire of claim 1 , wherein the matrix polymeric material comprises polyetheretherketone.
4 . The magnet wire of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprise an acid scavenger, the acid scavenger comprising at least one of (i) a strong base, (ii) a weak base, or (iii) a metal oxide.
5 . The magnet wire of claim 4 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a strong base, the strong base comprising at least one of (i) lithium hydroxide, (ii) magnesium hydroxide, (iii) calcium hydroxide, (iv) barium hydroxide, or (v) a hydrate of lithium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or barium hydroxide.
6 . The magnet wire of claim 4 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a weak base, the weak base comprising at least one of (i) aluminum hydroxide, (ii) zirconium (IV) hydroxide, (iii) zirconium (IV) carbonate hydroxide oxide, (iv) aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, (v) sodium hydrogen phosphate, (vi) lead (II) hydroxide acetate, (vii) ammonium bicarbonate, (viii) calcium phosphosilicate, or (ix) molecular sieves.
7 . The magnet wire of claim 4 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a metal oxide, the metal oxide comprising at least one of (i) vanadium (V) oxide, (ii) barium oxide, (iii) magnesium oxide, (iv) calcium oxide, (v) zirconia, or (vi) titania.
8 . The magnet wire of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a thermal stabilizer, the thermal stabilizer comprising at least one of (i) triaryl phosphate, (ii) aromatic phosphite, (iii) a secondary aromatic amine, (iv) a free-radical scavenger, (v) iron (II) oxalate hydrate, (vi) ferrocene, or (vii) a derivative of ferrocene.
9 . The magnet wire of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a chemical crosslinker, the chemical crosslinker comprising at least one of (i) polyamideimide, (ii) aromatic bismaleimide, (iii) aromatic benzoxazine, (iv) epoxy novalac resin, (v) epoxy resin of phenol-dicyclopentadiene adducts, (vi) aromatic amine, or (vii) carbodilite.
10 . A magnet wire comprising:
a conductor comprising copper; and
at least one insulation layer formed around the conductor, the insulation layer comprising:
a matrix thermoplastic polymeric material comprising a polymer including at least one ketone group in one of repeat units in one macromolecule; and
one or more additives incorporated into the matrix polymeric material, wherein the one or more additives mitigate copper poisoning.
11 . The magnet wire of claim 10 , wherein the matrix polymeric material comprises polyetheretherketone.
12 . The magnet wire of claim 10 , wherein the one or more additives comprise an acid scavenger, the acid scavenger comprising at least one of (i) a strong base, (ii) a weak base, or (iii) a metal oxide.
13 . The magnet wire of claim 12 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a strong base, the strong base comprising at least one of (i) lithium hydroxide, (ii) magnesium hydroxide, (iii) calcium hydroxide, (iv) barium hydroxide, or (v) a hydrate of lithium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or barium hydroxide.
14 . The magnet wire of claim 12 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a weak base, the weak base comprising at least one of (i) aluminum hydroxide, (ii) zirconium (IV) hydroxide, (iii) zirconium (IV) carbonate hydroxide oxide, (iv) aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, (v) sodium hydrogen phosphate, (vi) lead (II) hydroxide acetate, (vii) ammonium bicarbonate, (viii) calcium phosphosilicate, or (ix) molecular sieves.
15 . The magnet wire of claim 12 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a metal oxide, the metal oxide comprising at least one of (i) vanadium (V) oxide, (ii) barium oxide, (iii) magnesium oxide, (iv) calcium oxide, (v) zirconia, or (vi) titania.
16 . The magnet wire of claim 10 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a thermal stabilizer, the thermal stabilizer comprising at least one of (i) triaryl phosphate, (ii) aromatic phosphite, (iii) a secondary aromatic amine, (iv) a free-radical scavenger, (v) iron (II) oxalate hydrate, (vi) ferrocene, or (vii) a derivative of ferrocene.
17 . The magnet wire of claim 10 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a chemical crosslinker, the chemical crosslinker comprising at least one of (i) polyamideimide, (ii) aromatic bismaleimide, (iii) aromatic benzoxazine, (iv) epoxy novalac resin, (v) epoxy resin of phenol-dicyclopentadiene adducts, (vi) aromatic amine, or (vii) carbodilite.
18 . A magnet wire comprising:
a conductor comprising copper; and
at least one insulation layer formed around the conductor, the insulation layer comprising:
a matrix thermoplastic polymeric material comprising a polymer including at least one ketone group in one of repeat units in one macromolecule; and
one or more additives incorporated into the matrix polymeric material, wherein the one or more additives mitigate copper poisoning, and
wherein the one or more additives comprise at least one of (i) a strong base, (ii) a weak base), (iii) a thermal stabilizer, (iv) or a chemical crosslinker.
19 . The magnet wire of claim 18 , wherein the one or more additives comprise at least one of (i) lithium hydroxide, (ii) magnesium hydroxide, (iii) calcium hydroxide, (iv) barium hydroxide, (v) a hydrate of lithium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or barium hydroxide, (vi) aluminum hydroxide, (vii) zirconium (IV) hydroxide, (viii) zirconium (IV) carbonate hydroxide oxide, (ix) aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, (x) sodium hydrogen phosphate, (xi) lead (II) hydroxide acetate, (xii) ammonium bicarbonate, (xiii) calcium phosphosilicate, (xiv) molecular sieves, (xv) vanadium (V) oxide, (xvi) barium oxide, (xvii) magnesium oxide, or (xviii) calcium oxide.
20 . The magnet wire of claim 18 , wherein the one or more additives comprise at least one of (i) triaryl phosphate, (ii) aromatic phosphite, (iii) a secondary aromatic amine, (iv) a free-radical scavenger, (v) iron (II) oxalate hydrate, (vi) ferrocene, (vii) a derivative of ferrocene, (viii) polyamideimide, (ix) aromatic bismaleimide, (x) aromatic benzoxazine, (xi) epoxy novalac resin, (xii) epoxy resin of phenol-dicyclopentadiene adducts, (xiii) aromatic amine, or (xiv) carbodilite.