ILLUMINABLE ENAMELLED SUBSTRATE AND ITS MANUFACTURE
An enameled substrate includes a first glass sheet including, on a first main face, a scattering layer made of scattering enamel, including a glassy matrix, the layer including at least a first scattering pattern of at least 0.1 mm and a of given surface area S0, wherein the glassy matrix is glass-crystalline, thus including microcrystals in a vitreous binder, the microcrystals being scattering and wherein the first scattering pattern is discontinuous, the scattering layer includes a content by weight of coloring additives of at most 10% of the total weight of the enamel.
1 . An enameled substrate including a first glass sheet including, on a first main face, a scattering layer made of scattering enamel, including a glassy matrix, the scattering layer including at least a first scattering pattern of at least 0.1 mm and a of given surface area S0,
wherein the glassy matrix is glass-crystalline, thus including microcrystals in a vitreous binder, the microcrystals being scattering and wherein the first scattering pattern is discontinuous,
the scattering layer includes a content by weight of coloring additives of at most 10% of the total weight of the enamel.
2 . The enameled substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the first glass sheet with the scattering layer has:
a light transmission factor of at least 70%,
a haze of at most 80%.
3 . The enameled substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the scattering layer includes a content by weight of coloring additives of at most 5% or 1% of a total weight of the enamel and even as low as 0%.
4 . The enameled substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the first scattering pattern including a set of separate micropads of said scattering enamel and wherein, by defining within the first scattering pattern an analysis surface S1 less than S0, S1 being at least 50 μm by 50 μm and at most 100 μm by 600 μm, and a surface area S2 which is a sum of the surfaces of the micropads in the surface S1, the first scattering pattern is defined by an equivalent mean diameter Am of the micropads of less than 10 μm and of at least 1 μm, an average distance Bm is less than 5 μm, the first scattering pattern includes a degree of coverage Tm of said micropads which is the surface S2 divided by the surface S1, Tm is less than 50%.
5 . The enameled substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the first scattering pattern includes an enamel zone comprising disjoint through holes, and defines, within the first scattering pattern, an analysis surface S′ 1 that is less than S0, S′ 1 being at least 50 μm by 50 μm and at most 100 μm by 600 μm, and a surface area S′ 2 which is a sum of the surfaces of the openings in this surface S′ 1 , the first scattering pattern is defined by an equivalent mean diameter A′m of the openings of less than 20 μm, an average distance B′m between said neighboring openings is less than 20 μm, the first scattering pattern includes a degree of coverage T′m of said openings which is the surface area S′ 2 divided by the surface S′ 1 , T′m is less than 50%.
6 . The enameled substrate according to claim 1 , further comprising a light source, which is optically coupled to the first glass sheet forming a light guide.
7 . The enameled substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the glassy matrix including a vitreous binder, the vitreous binder and/or the microcrystals of the glass-crystalline matrix is based on bismuth and/or zinc silicate or bismuth and/or zinc borosilicate.
8 . A laminated glazed unit including the enameled substrate according to claim 1 , comprising:
said first sheet,
a lamination interlayer, optionally tinted
and a second transparent glass or plastic sheet, optionally tinted.
9 . The laminated glazed unit according to claim 8 , wherein the first sheet is the internal glazing and the first main face is the internal face or the first sheet is between the second transparent sheet and a third glass sheet.
10 . The laminated glazed unit according to claim 1 , comprising a functional element, chosen from one or more of the following elements:
a silica layer forming an antireflective layer
a masking layer optionally adjacent to the scattering layer,
an electrically conductive layer, a layer for electrical supply of (opto)electronic components or a heating layer,
a solar control or low-emissivity layer,
within the laminated glazed unit, an electrically-controllable device having a variable scattering and/or tint, or a multi-pixel screen or an additional light element, offset or facing the scattering layer,
a low index optical insulator element with a refractive index less than the refractive index of the first glass sheet, between the first face and the second glass sheet tinted.
11 . The enameled substrate or laminated glazed unit according to claim 1 , wherein the enameled substrate forms a glazed unit for a land, water or aerial vehicle, or as a glazed unit for a building, and is one of:
a curved laminated roof, the first glass sheet is the internal glazing or between a second glass sheet and a transparent glass or polymer sheet,
a rear window, the scattering layer is on a passenger compartment side,
a side, laminated or monolithic, the first glass sheet is the internal or external glazing,
a curved laminated windshield, the first glass sheet is the internal or external glazing.
12 . A method for manufacturing an enameled substrate which comprises formation of a scattering layer of scattering enamel on a first main face of a first glass sheet, comprising in this order:
depositing on the first glass sheet a film of a liquid vitrifiable composition forming an enamel paste, including a mixture of an organic medium and a glass frit with a glass transition temperature Tg 1 ,
firing at a temperature Tc above the glass transition temperature Tg 1 of the glass frit,
wherein the glass frit is crystallizable and the enamel paste includes growth seeds, the firing generates formation of a glass-crystalline matrix including scattering microcrystals and wherein the scattering layer is discontinuous.
13 . The method for manufacturing an enameled substrate according to claim 12 , wherein the firing generates a set of separate micropads of said scattering enamel, the micropads containing the microcrystals.
14 . The method for manufacturing an enameled substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the deposition is by screen-printing.
15 . The method for manufacturing an enameled substrate according to claim 1 , comprising an operation of bending the first glass sheet, said firing occurring during bending and optionally followed by tempering.
16 . The enameled substrate according to claim 2 , wherein the light transmission factor is of at least 70%.
17 . The enameled substrate according to claim 2 , wherein the haze of at most 55%.
18 . The enameled substrate according to claim 3 , wherein the coloring additives are black pigments.
19 . The enameled substrate according to claim 4 , wherein the average distance Bm is at least 1 μm.
20 . The enameled substrate according to claim 6 , wherein the light source includes a plurality of inorganic light-emitting diodes, and/or light is injected from the light source by an edge face of the first glass sheet or a wall of a hole of the first glass sheet or by the first main face or a second main face opposite the first main face.