SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING BATTERY CONDITION AWARE ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS

1 . An energy storage system, comprising:

a plurality of energy storage nodes, wherein the plurality of energy storage nodes include a battery storage element, a power conversion subsystem, and a control subsystem to receive battery data from the battery storage element, the power conversion subsystem, or a combination thereof;

a control system configured to receive or store a required power flow or an overall operating intent;

wherein:

the control subsystem or the control system is configured to determine at least one battery condition about one or more of the energy storage nodes from the battery data;

the control system is configured to create one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation of the one or more energy storage nodes based on: (1) the at least one battery condition; and (2) the required power flow or the overall operating intent; and

the control system is configured to dispatch the required power flow or the overall operating intent across the plurality of energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

2 . The energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein:

the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation are based on the required power flow; and

dispatching the required power flow across the plurality of energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences includes dividing the required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

3 . The energy storage system of claim 2 , wherein:

dividing the required power flow across the plurality of energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences includes dividing a total required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes into a plurality of local required power flows based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation; and

the control system is configured to distribute a respective one of the local required power flows to each of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

4 . The energy storage system of claim 3 , wherein each of the energy storage nodes includes the power conversion subsystem for controlling the respective one of the local required power flows.

5 . The energy storage system of claim 2 , wherein the battery data includes a voltage, a current, a temperature, or a combination thereof.

6 . The energy storage system of claim 2 , wherein the at least one battery condition includes: a state of charge, a temperature, a power capability, remaining energy capacity, an internal resistance or impedance, a degradation of a cathode active material, a degradation of an anode active material, a degree of growth of a solid-electrode interphase (SEI) layer, remaining lithium inventory/lithium inventory loss, lithium plating on an anode or a cathode active material, a lithium dendrite growth on an anode active material, depositing of electrode decomposition products on an anode or a cathode active material, a current distribution non-uniformity in an anode or a cathode active material, a phase of a cathode active material, a phase of an anode active material, or a combination thereof.

7 . The energy storage system of claim 2 , wherein the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences include a power limit, a state of charge limit, a temperature limit, a do not run instruction, a power pulse pattern during battery charging, a power pulse pattern during battery discharging, a power capacity, or an apparent power.

8 . The energy storage system of claim 2 , wherein the required power flow includes an active power, a reactive power, or a total system power discharge or charge requirement.

9 . The energy storage system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a power conversion system coupled to the plurality of energy storage nodes,

wherein the power conversion system is coupled to an energy system and an electrical application to provide the required power flow to the electrical application by discharging the plurality of energy storage nodes or the required power flow from the energy system for charging the plurality of energy storage nodes.

10 . A system, comprising:

the energy storage system of claim 1 ;

an energy system; and

an electrical application.

11 . A non-transitory computer-readable medium, comprising battery condition aware control programming, wherein execution of the battery condition aware control programming by one or more processors configures one or more computing devices to:

determine, at least one battery condition about one or more energy storage nodes from battery data, wherein the energy storage nodes include a battery storage element, a power conversion subsystem, and a control subsystem to receive the battery data from the battery storage element, the power conversion subsystem, or a combination thereof;

create one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation of the one or more energy storage nodes based on: (1) the at least one battery condition; and (2) a required power flow or an overall operating intent; and

dispatch the required power flow or the overall operating intent across the plurality of energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

12 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein:

the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation are based on the required power flow; and

dispatching the required power flow across the plurality of energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences includes dividing the required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

13 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 12 , wherein:

dividing the required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences includes dividing a total required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes into a plurality of local required power flows based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation; and

execution of the battery condition aware control programming by the one or more processors configures the one or more computing devices to distribute a respective one of the local required power flows to each of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

14 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 12 , wherein the at least one battery condition includes: a state of charge, a temperature, a power capability, remaining energy capacity, an internal resistance or impedance, a degradation of a cathode active material, a degradation of an anode active material, a degree of growth of a solid-electrode interphase (SEI) layer, remaining lithium inventory/lithium inventory loss, lithium plating on an anode or a cathode active material, a lithium dendrite growth on an anode active material, depositing of electrode decomposition products on an anode or a cathode active material, a current distribution non-uniformity in an anode or a cathode active material, a phase of a cathode active material, a phase of an anode active material, or a combination thereof.

15 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 12 , wherein the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences include a power limit, a state of charge limit, a temperature limit, a do not run instruction, a power pulse pattern during battery charging, a power pulse pattern during battery discharging, a power capacity, or an apparent power.

16 . A method, comprising:

determining, via a control subsystem or a control system, at least one battery condition about one or more energy storage nodes from battery data, wherein the energy storage nodes include a battery storage element, a power conversion subsystem, and a control subsystem to receive the battery data from the battery storage element, the power conversion subsystem, or a combination thereof;

creating, via the control system, one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation of the one or more energy storage nodes based on: (1) the at least one battery condition; and (2) a required power flow or an overall operating intent; and

dispatching, via the control system, the required power flow or the overall operating intent across the plurality of energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein:

the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation are based on the required power flow; and

dispatching, via the control system, the required power flow across the plurality of energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences includes dividing the required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein:

dividing the required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences includes dividing a total required power flow across all of the energy storage nodes into a plurality of local required power flows based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation; and

further comprising distributing, via the control system, a respective one of the local required power flows to each of the energy storage nodes based on the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences on operation.

19 . The method of claim 17 , wherein:

wherein the at least one battery condition includes: a state of charge, a temperature, a power capability, remaining energy capacity, an internal resistance or impedance, a degradation of a cathode active material, a degradation of an anode active material, a degree of growth of a solid-electrode interphase (SEI) layer, remaining lithium inventory/lithium inventory loss, lithium plating on an anode or a cathode active material, a lithium dendrite growth on an anode active material, depositing of electrode decomposition products on an anode or a cathode active material, a current distribution non-uniformity in an anode or a cathode active material, a phase of a cathode active material, a phase of an anode active material, or a combination thereof.

20 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the one or more limits, restrictions, or preferences include a power limit, a state of charge limit, a temperature limit, a do not run instruction, a power pulse pattern during battery charging, a power pulse pattern during battery discharging, a power capacity, or an apparent power.