TREATMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS

1 . 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of a mental or nervous system disorder in a mother having a child of age 18 months or below.

2 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 1 , wherein the mental or nervous system disorder involves one or more symptoms selected from sleep disturbance, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety, psychomotor retardation, social/emotional withdrawal and negative thinking.

3 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 or 2 , wherein the patient suffers from a treatment resistant form of the disorder.

4 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 3 , wherein an improvement of the disorder, as reflected by a reduction in the CGI-S score, is observed after about 2 hours; on day 1, for instance after about 24 hours; on day 7; on day 14; and/or on day 28 after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

5 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 3 , wherein an improvement of the disorder, as reflected by a reduction in the CGI-S score, occurs not later than about 2 hours after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

6 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 3 or 5 , wherein an improvement of the disorder, as reflected by a reduction in the CGI-S score, persists until at least 6 days; in particular until at least 14 days; more preferably until at least 28 days after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

7 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 6 , wherein the patient suffers in addition from slightly compromised, compromised or severely compromised maternal functioning.

8 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 7 , wherein the patient has a Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) score of 95 or below such as 80 or below, in particular 65 or below.

9 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 8 , wherein the treatment improves maternal functioning.

10 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 9 , wherein the improvement relates to one or more, in particular two or more functional domains according to the Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) selected from self-care, infant care, mother-child interaction, psychological wellbeing of the mother, social support, management, and adjustment.

11 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 8 to 10 , wherein the BIMF score is improved by 10% or more, preferably by 20% or more.

12 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 11 , wherein the 5-MeO-DMT or salt thereof is administered at a dose or in a dosage regimen that causes the patient to experience a peak psychedelic experience.

13 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 12 , wherein a dosage of about 4 mg to about 20 mg 5-MeO-DMT is administered, or wherein equimolar amounts of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt are administered instead of 5-MeO-DMT.

14 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 12 , wherein a dosage of about 6 mg; or of about 12 mg; or of about 18 mg is administered, or wherein equimolar amounts of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt are administered instead of 5-MeO-DMT.

15 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 13 , wherein the 5-MeO-DMT or salt thereof is administered in a first dosage amount for a first administration; and the 5-MeO-DMT or salt thereof is administered in zero to six subsequent administrations; wherein each subsequent administration uses a dosage amount higher than the previous administration unless the patient experiences a peak psychedelic experience.

16 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 15 , wherein the 5-MeO-DMT is administered in a dosage from about 2 mg to about 8 mg for a first administration, and then increased, unless the patient has already experienced a peak psychedelic experience, to a dosage from about 8 mg to about 14 mg for a second administration, and then increased, unless the patient has already experienced a peak psychedelic experience, to a dosage from about 14 mg to about 20 mg for a third administration, or wherein equimolar amounts of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt are administered instead of 5-MeO-DMT.

17 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 16 , wherein the first dosage of 5-MeO-DMT is about 6 mg, the second dosage of 5-MeO-DMT is about 12 mg, and the third dosage of 5-MeO-DMT is about 18 mg; or wherein equimolar amounts of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt are administered instead of 5-MeO-DMT.

18 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 15 to 17 , wherein the interval between two administrations is not less than 1 hour and not more than 24 hours, such as about 1 to 4 hours, preferably about 1 to 2 hours.

19 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 12 to 18 , wherein the occurrence of a peak psychedelic experience is identified through achievement of at least 60% of the maximum possible score in each of the four subscales (mystical, positive mood, transcendence of time and space, and ineffability) of the 30-item revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ30) or is identified through achievement of at least 60% of the maximum possible score of the Oceanic Boundlessness (OBN) dimension of the Altered States of Consciousness (ASC) questionnaire or is identified through achievement of a Peak Experience Scale (PES) Total Score of at least 75.

20 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 19 , wherein the occurrence of a peak psychedelic experience is identified through achievement of a Peak Experience Scale (PES) Total Score of at least 75.

21 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 1 to 20 , wherein the 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered via inhalation or by nasal, buccal or sublingual administration.

22 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 21 , wherein 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered in the form of an aerosol comprising (a) a pharmaceutically acceptable gas; (b) aerosol particles of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the aerosol has an aerosol particle mass density of about 0.5 mg/l to about 18 mg/l, such as to about 12.5 mg/l.

23 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claim 22 ,

wherein the aerosol is generated by a) exposing a thin layer of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, configured on a solid support, to thermal energy, and b) passing air over the thin layer to produce aerosol particles.

24 . 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use as in claims 21 to 23 , wherein the dosage amount of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt to be administered to the patient is inhaled with a single breath.

25 . 5-MeO-DMT for use as in claims 21 to 24 , wherein the 5-MeO-DMT is used in the form of the free base.

26 . 5-MeO-DMT for use as in claims 1 to 25 , wherein the disorder is a disorder characterized by depressive episodes, for example, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Persistent Depressive Disorder, Seasonal Affective Disorder and Bipolar Disorder (BD), such as Bipolar I Disorder and Bipolar II Disorder; Anxiety Disorder, for example, Separation Anxiety Disorder, Agoraphobia, Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), Panic Disorder, Phobia, and Substance/Medication Induced Anxiety Disorder; Somatic Symptom Disorder; Obsessive compulsive and Related Disorders, for example, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD); Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD); Pain Disorders, for example Chronic Pain, Fibromyalgia, and Migraine; Mental and Behavioural Disorders due to Psychoactive Sub-stance Use, for example, Substance Use Disorder (SUD); Psychotic Disorders, for example Schizophrenia; an Eating Disorder; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); a Personality Disorder, for example Schizotypal Personality Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; a mental disorder or a nervous system disorder associated with HIV, with Post COVID Condition or with Traumatic Brain Injury.

27 . 5-MeO-DMT for use as in claims 1 to 26 , wherein the patient suffers from sleep disturbance.

28 . 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in any of claims 1 to 27 , wherein the patient is a breastfeeding mother who is advised to discontinue breastfeeding until 48 hours after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

29 . 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in any of claims 1 to 27 , wherein the patient is a breastfeeding mother who is advised to discontinue breastfeeding until 24 hours after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

30 . 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in any of claims 1 to 27 , wherein the patient is a breastfeeding mother who is advised to discontinue breastfeeding until 6 hours after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

31 . 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in any of claims 1 to 27 , wherein the patient is a breastfeeding mother who is advised to discontinue breastfeeding until 3 hours after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

32 . 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in any of claims 1 to 27 , wherein the patient is a breastfeeding mother who is advised to discontinue breastfeeding until 2 hours after the last administration of 5-MeO-DMT or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.