Method and device for evaluating a welding quality of a weld seam between end sections of two conductor elements
A method for evaluating a welding quality of a weld seam with which the end sections of conductor elements are welded to one another by irradiating their end faces. The method includes capturing an image of the end faces and dividing the image into a first subset of pixels whose intensity levels are greater than a specified intensity level threshold value and into a second subset of pixels whose intensity levels are less than or equal to the intensity level threshold value. The method includes assessing the welding quality of the weld seam based on a comparison of a number and/or position of the pixels of the first subset and/or of the second subset with a pixel target value of a number and/or a pixel target range of a position of pixels of the first subset and/or of the second subset that correspond to a weld seam of desired quality.
1. Method ( 40 ) for evaluating a welding quality of a weld seam ( 14 ) with which the end sections of at least two elongated conductor elements ( 12 ) are welded to one another by irradiating their end faces ( 13 ), wherein the method ( 40 ) comprises the following steps:
(a) capturing an image ( 20 ) of the end faces ( 13 ) of the conductor elements ( 12 ) welded to one another by means of the weld seam ( 14 ), wherein the image ( 20 ) is recorded from the end faces ( 13 ) of the conductor elements ( 12 ) and the environment recorded by the image ( 20 ) comprises at least an entire surface of the weld seam ( 14 ), and wherein the image ( 20 ) is recorded with different intensity levels in pixels of the image ( 20 ), wherein the intensity levels are an indicator of the amount of light that was locally reflected from the recorded position when the image ( 20 ) was recorded, and the indicator is thus a measure of a local orientation of the surface of the weld seam ( 14 ), in particular wherein the weld seam is illuminated with light parallel to the direction in which the image was recorded,
(b) dividing the image ( 20 ) into at least one first subset ( 30 ) of pixels whose intensity levels are greater than a specified intensity level threshold value and into at least one second subset ( 32 ) of pixels whose intensity levels are less than or equal to the intensity level threshold value, and
(c) assessing the welding quality of the weld seam ( 14 ) based on a comparison of a number and/or position of the pixels of the first subset ( 30 ) and/or of the second subset ( 32 ) with at least one pixel target value of a number and/or a pixel target range of a position of pixels of the first subset ( 30 ) and/or of the second subset ( 32 ) that correspond to a weld seam of desired quality.
2. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the intensity levels are gray levels and the intensity level threshold value is a gray level threshold value.
3. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the conductor elements ( 12 ) are plug-in coils, in particular hairpins and/or I-pins, of a stator ( 10 ) of an electrodynamic machine.
4. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein a higher-level image ( 20 ) is captured which comprises a plurality of weld seams ( 14 ) of at least two end sections of conductor elements ( 12 ) in each case, and assessing the welding quality is carried out for each of the weld seams ( 14 ).
5. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the welding quality of a weld seam ( 14 ) is evaluated, by which the end sections of at least three conductor elements ( 12 ) are welded to one another at their end faces.
6. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein a central region ( 34 ) of the image ( 20 ), which corresponds to the center of the intended position of the weld seam, in particular weld bead, is not taken into account in the assessment according to step (c).
7. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 6 , wherein the central region ( 34 ) is a round or elliptical region having a predetermined size, into which a predetermined minimum number of pixels of the first subset ( 30 ) or the second subset ( 32 ) fall when the weld seam ( 14 ) is properly made.
8. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the pixel target value of the number and/or the pixel target range of the position is determined by a selection of a minimum connection cross-section as a quality feature of the welding quality.
9. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 8 , wherein data relating to a plurality of weld seams deemed to be good are used for determining the pixel target value of the number and/or the pixel target range of the position, in order to ascertain the pixel target value or the pixel target range by correlating the position and/or the number of individual intensity levels of pixels with connection cross-sections of weld seams ( 14 ).
10. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein assessing the welding quality of the weld seam ( 14 ) comprises assessing a symmetry of the weld seam ( 14 ) based on the number and position of the pixels of the first subset ( 30 ) and/or the second subset ( 32 ).
11. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the weld seam ( 14 ) is rewelded depending on the number and position of the pixels of the first subset ( 30 ) and/or the second subset ( 32 ).
12. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 11 , wherein a weld power for the rewelding is selected depending on the number and/or position of the pixels of the first subset ( 30 ) and/or the second subset ( 32 ).
13. Method ( 40 ) according to claim 1 , wherein a welding quality of a weld seam ( 14 ) and welding of a different weld seam ( 14 ) on the same component ( 10 ) having a plurality of conductor elements ( 12 ) are evaluated simultaneously.
14. Device ( 200 ) for evaluating a welding quality of a weld seam ( 14 ) between end sections of at least two elongated conductor elements ( 12 ) which are welded to one another by irradiating their end faces ( 13 ), the device ( 200 ) comprising:
an image capturing device ( 116 ) having a beam path ( 118 ), which is designed to carry out step (a) of the method according to claim 1 ; and
at least one data processing system ( 202 ) which is configured to carry out steps (b) and (c) of the method according to claim 1 .
15. Device according to claim 14 , wherein the device comprises an illumination source ( 112 ) configured to illuminate the end faces ( 13 ) of the conductor elements ( 12 ) from a direction along the beam path ( 118 ) of the image capturing means ( 116 ).
16. Device according to claim 14 , wherein the device further comprises a laser beam source ( 102 ) with a beam path ( 114 ) of the laser beam for carrying out the welding process for connecting the conductor elements ( 12 ) at their end face ( 13 ), in particular wherein the beam path ( 118 ) of the image capturing means ( 116 ) and the beam path ( 114 ) of the laser beam are coupled into one another, in particular by means of a beam splitter ( 106 ).