Hydrofoil equipped seaglider takeoff
A craft comprises a hull, a wing, a hydrofoil, and a control system. The wing is configured to generate upwards aero lift as air flows past the wing to facilitate wing-borne flight of the craft. The hydrofoil is configured to generate upwards hydrofoil lift during a first mode of operation as water flows past the hydrofoil to facilitate hydrofoil-borne movement of the craft through the water. While the craft is hydrofoil-borne, the control system is configured to determine the upwards aero lift generated by the wing. The control system is further configured to control the hydrofoil to generate downwards hydrofoil lift to counteract the upwards aero lift generated by the wing that maintains the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water while the determined upwards aero lift is below a threshold lift.
1 . A craft comprising:
a hull;
a wing attached to the hull;
a hydrofoil attached to the hull;
at least one processor; and
tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media that comprises program instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the craft to:
as the craft accelerates while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in water, maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water, wherein maintaining the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water comprises causing a first adjustment of at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water;
while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in the water, determine that at least one takeoff condition is met; and
after determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met, cause the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne, wherein causing the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing a second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to allow the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne.
2 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein causing the first adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water comprises causing the first adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to adjust ride height of the craft to a given predetermined ride height.
3 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein causing the first adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water comprises causing the first adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to adjust an angle of attack of the craft to a given predetermined angle of attack.
4 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein causing the first adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water comprises causing the first adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to increase an amount of negative lift generated by the hydrofoil.
5 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met comprises determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met based on one or more of: a weight of the craft, a speed of the craft, an angle of attack of the craft, a position of a control surface of the wing of the craft, and an air density measurement.
6 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met comprises determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met based on at least a speed of the craft.
7 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met comprises determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met based on at least a load force imparted on the craft.
8 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met comprises determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met based on at least computing an estimated aero lift acting on the craft.
9 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein causing the second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to allow the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing the second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to increase an angle of attack of the craft.
10 . The craft of claim 1 , further comprising program instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the craft to:
after determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met, causing an adjustment to at least one control surface of the wing so as to increase a deflection angle of the at least one control surface of the wing.
11 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein causing the second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to allow the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing the second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to decrease an amount of negative lift generated by the hydrofoil.
12 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein causing the second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to allow the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing the second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to decrease a deflection angle of the at least one control surface.
13 . The craft of claim 1 , wherein causing the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing the craft to further accelerate.
14 . The craft of claim 1 , further comprising program instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the craft to:
after the craft becomes wing-borne, cause the hydrofoil to retract.
15 . The craft of claim 14 , further comprising program instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the craft to:
after causing the hydrofoil to retract and while the hydrofoil is retracted, cause the craft to land such that the craft becomes hull-borne; and
after the craft becomes hull-borne, (i) control a velocity of the craft and (ii) cause the hydrofoil to extend such that the craft becomes hydrofoil-borne.
16 . The craft of claim 1 , further comprising program instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the craft to:
after the craft becomes wing-borne, determine a suggested location for landing the craft on the water.
17 . A control system for a craft comprising a hydrofoil and a wing, wherein the control system comprises:
at least one processor; and
tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media that comprises program instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the craft to:
as the craft accelerates while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in water, maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water, wherein maintaining the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water comprises causing a first adjustment of at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water;
while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in the water, determine that at least one takeoff condition is met; and
after determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met, cause the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne, wherein causing the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing a second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to allow the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne.
18 . Tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media comprising program instructions, wherein the program instructions, when executed by one or more processors cause a control system to perform functions for controlling a craft comprising a hydrofoil and a wing, wherein the functions comprise:
as the craft accelerates while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in water, maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water, wherein maintaining the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water comprises causing a first adjustment of at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water;
while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in the water, determine that at least one takeoff condition is met; and
after determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met, cause the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne, wherein causing the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing a second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to allow the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne.
19 . A craft comprising:
a hull;
a wing attached to the hull;
a hydrofoil attached to the hull;
at least one processor; and
tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media that comprises program instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the craft to:
as the craft accelerates while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in water, maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water;
while the hydrofoil is at least partially submerged in the water, determine that at least one takeoff condition is met;
after determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met, cause the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne;
after the craft becomes wing-borne, cause the hydrofoil to retract;
after causing the hydrofoil to retract and while the hydrofoil is retracted, cause the craft to land such that the craft becomes hull-borne; and
after the craft becomes hull-borne, (i) control a velocity of the craft and (ii) cause the hydrofoil to extend such that the craft becomes hydrofoil-borne.
20 . The craft of claim 19 , wherein maintaining the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water comprises causing a first adjustment of at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to maintain the hydrofoil at least partially submerged in the water, and wherein causing the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne comprises causing a second adjustment of the at least one control surface of the hydrofoil so as to allow the hydrofoil to exit the water and the craft to become wing-borne.
21 . The craft of claim 19 , wherein determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met comprises determining that the at least one takeoff condition is met based on at least computing an estimated aero lift acting on the craft.