OPTIMIZED RADIO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT USING MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES IN O-RAN NETWORKS
A method for performing optimized radio resource management (RRM) in an O-RAN network, includes: performing, at the RRM analytics module, a machine learning-based analysis to determine an optimal resource allocation policy based on at least one performance measurement performed at a distributed unit (DU); receiving, by the DU, the optimal resource allocation policy determined by the RRM; and utilizing, by the DU, the optimal resource allocation policy to one of schedule or not schedule user equipments (UEs). In a given slot and for a given state of the base station, candidate UEs to serve in the slot are selected based on a chosen policy. If the number of selected candidate UEs is higher than the maximum number the base station can serve in that slot, the radio resource management (RRM) module selects, using the chosen policy, the maximum number of UEs, and the selected UEs are allocated resources.
1 . A method for performing optimized radio resource management (RRM) in an O-RAN network, comprising:
performing, at an RRM analytics module, a machine learning-based analysis to determine an optimal resource allocation policy based on at least one performance measurement performed at a distributed unit (DU);
receiving, by the DU, the optimal resource allocation policy determined by the RRM analytics module; and
utilizing, by the DU, the optimal resource allocation policy to one of schedule or not schedule selected user equipments (UEs).
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
arranging, for a given time slot, active UEs in a decreasing order of corresponding buffer occupancy (BO), based on at least one selected policy; and
allocating physical resource blocks (PRBs) for a selected active UE if the corresponding optimal action for the selected active UE is to schedule resources for the selected active UE.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the RRM analytics module is located at a near-real time radio intelligent controller (Near-RT RIC), the method further comprising:
subscribing, by the Near-RT RIC from the DU, performance measurements information used to configure the optimal resource allocation policy to be utilized by DU.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the performance measurements information comprises at least one of: buffer occupancy (BO) at 5QI level; UE channel state information (CSI); UE throughput; packet delay at 5QI level; packet error rate (PER) at 5QI level; and proportional-fair (PF) metric.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RRM analytics module is located at a near-real time radio intelligent controller (Near-RT RIC), the method further comprising:
subscribing, by the Near-RT RIC from the DU, performance measurements information used to configure the optimal resource allocation policy to be utilized by DU.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the performance measurements information comprises at least one of: buffer occupancy (BO) at 5QI level; UE channel state information (CSI); UE throughput; packet delay at 5QI level; packet error rate (PER) at 5QI level; and proportional-fair (PF) metric.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RRM analytics module is located at a centralized unit-user plane (CU-UP), the method further comprising:
sending, by the DU to a centralized unit-control plane (CU-CP), selected performance measurements;
relaying, by the CU-CP to the CU-UP, the selected performance measurements sent by the DU; and
analyzing, by the RRM analytics module at CU-UP, the selected performance measurements to derive the optimal resource allocation policy to be utilized by the DU.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the selected performance measurements comprise at least one of: buffer occupancy (BO) at 5QI level; UE channel state information (CSI); UE throughput; packet delay at 5QI level; packet error rate (PER) at 5QI level; and proportional-fair (PF) metric.
9 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the RRM analytics module is located at a centralized unit-user plane (CU-UP), the method further comprising:
sending, by the DU to a centralized unit-control plane (CU-CP), selected performance measurements;
relaying, by the CU-CP to the CU-UP, the selected performance measurements sent by the DU; and
analyzing, by the RRM analytics module at CU-UP, the selected performance measurements to derive the optimal resource allocation policy to be utilized by the DU.
10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the selected performance measurements comprise at least one of: buffer occupancy (BO) at 5QI level; UE channel state information (CSI); UE throughput; packet delay at 5QI level; packet error rate (PER) at 5QI level; and proportional-fair (PF) metric.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the machine learning-based analysis is implemented as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) involving i) a set of states, ii) a set of actions, iii) cost incurred upon transitioning from a first state to a second state due to a given action, and iv) transition probability of landing in the second state when the given action is taken in the first state.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein for a UE, a state is represented using the following variables: buffer occupancy (BO) at 5QI level; UE channel state information (CSI); UE throughput; packet delay at 5QI level; packet error rate (PER) at 5QI level; and proportional-fair (PF) metric for the selected active UE.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein for a UE, the cost incurred comprises at least one of i) buffer occupancy immediate cost, ii) packet delay budget (PDB) immediate cost, iii) guaranteed bit rate (GBR) immediate cost, iv) packet error rate (PER) immediate cost, v) PF immediate cost, and vi) cell-throughput-related immediate cost.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the transition probability of landing in the second state when the given action is taken in the first state is learned in a learning phase of the MDP.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the MDP further comprises:
an exploration stage in which, for a selected number of active UEs, different possible combinations of actions for the active UEs are chosen; and
an exploitation stage in which, for the selected number of active UEs in a given time slot, a selected combination of actions corresponding to the minimum cost among the different possible combination of actions is chosen as the optimal resource allocation policy.