Delivering Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) to the Neck, Thoracic Spine, and Optic Tract
During Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy, one or more pairs of electrode assemblies are used to impose an alternating electric field to the tumor. However, when the cancer cells are distributed among two or more different locations within the subject's body, it can be difficult to achieve sufficient field intensities in all of the different locations. By positioning one pair of electrode assemblies on the left half of the subject's scalp and the right side of the subject's posterior thorax, and positioning another pair of electrode assemblies on the right half of the subject's scalp and the left side of the subject's posterior thorax, it becomes possible to achieve sufficient field intensities in the following three locations simultaneously: (i) an upper half of the subject's thoracic spine, (ii) the subject's cervical spine, and (iii) the subject's head.
1 . A method of treating one or more tumors in a subject's body located in at least one of (i) an upper half of the subject's thoracic spine, (ii) the subject's cervical spine, and (iii) the subject's head, the method comprising:
(a) applying an alternating voltage between at least one first electrode element affixed to a left half of the subject's scalp and at least one second electrode element affixed to a right side of the subject's posterior thorax;
(b) applying an alternating voltage between at least one third electrode element affixed to a right half of the subject's scalp and at least one fourth electrode element affixed to a left side of the subject's posterior thorax; and
repeating step (a) and step (b) in an alternating sequence at least 10 times.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to performing step (a) and step (b):
affixing the at least one first electrode element to the left half of the subject's scalp;
affixing the at least one second electrode element to the right side of the subject's posterior thorax;
affixing the at least one third electrode element to the right half of the subject's scalp; and
affixing the at least one fourth electrode element to the left side of the subject's posterior thorax.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one first electrode element, the at least one second electrode element, the at least one third electrode element, and the at least one fourth electrode element are capacitively coupled.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the at least one first electrode element and the at least one second electrode element has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz, and wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the at least one third electrode element and the at least one fourth electrode element has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein step (a) and step (b) are repeated in an alternating sequence at least 100 times.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more tumors comprise cancer cells located at the subject's C2-C5 vertebrae, cancer cells located at the subject's T2-T4 vertebrae, and cancer cells located in the subject's head.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more tumors comprise at least one of cancer cells located at the subject's C2-C5 vertebrae, cancer cells located at the subject's T2-T4 vertebrae, and cancer cells located in the subject's head.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one first electrode element is affixed to an anterior portion of the left half of the subject's scalp, and the at least one third electrode element is affixed to an anterior portion of the right half of the subject's scalp.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one second electrode element is affixed to an upper half of the right side of the subject's posterior thorax, and the at least one fourth electrode element is affixed to an upper half of the left side of the subject's posterior thorax.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one first electrode element is affixed to an anterior portion of the left half of the subject's scalp, and the at least one third electrode element is affixed to an anterior portion of the right half of the subject's scalp, and
wherein the at least one second electrode element is affixed to an upper half of the right side of the subject's posterior thorax, and the at least one fourth electrode element is affixed to an upper half of the left side of the subject's posterior thorax.
11 . A method of treating one or more tumors in a subject's body located in at least one of (i) an upper half of the subject's thoracic spine, (ii) the subject's cervical spine, and (iii) the subject's optic tract, the method comprising:
affixing at least one first electrode element to a left half of the subject's scalp;
affixing at least one second electrode element to a right side of the subject's posterior thorax;
affixing at least one third electrode element to a right half of the subject's scalp;
affixing at least one fourth electrode element to a left side of the subject's posterior thorax; and
repeating, in an alternating sequence (a) applying an alternating voltage between the at least one first electrode element and the at least one second electrode element, and (b) applying an alternating voltage between the at least one third electrode element and the at least one fourth electrode element,
wherein the repeating is performed after the affixing of the at least one first electrode element, the at least one second electrode element, the at least one third electrode element, and the at least one fourth electrode element.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one first electrode element, the at least one second electrode element, the at least one third electrode element, and the at least one fourth electrode element are capacitively coupled.
13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the at least one first electrode element and the at least one second electrode element has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz, and wherein the alternating voltage that is applied between the at least one third electrode element and the at least one fourth electrode element has a frequency between 100 kHz and 300 kHz.
14 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one first electrode element comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, the at least one second electrode element comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, the at least one third electrode element comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel, and the at least one fourth electrode element comprises a plurality of electrode elements wired in parallel.
15 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the one or more tumors comprise cancer cells located at the subject's C2-C5 vertebrae, cancer cells located at the subject's T2-T4 vertebrae, and cancer cells located at the subject's optic tract.
16 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the one or more tumors comprise at least one of cancer cells located at the subject's C2-C5 vertebrae, cancer cells located at the subject's T2-T4 vertebrae and cancer cells located at the subject's optic tract.
17 . An apparatus for treating one or more tumors in a subject's body located in at least one of (i) an upper half of the subject's thoracic spine, (ii) the subject's cervical spine, and (iii) the subject's head, the apparatus comprising:
at least one first electrode element affixed to a left half of the subject's scalp;
at least one second electrode element affixed to a right side of the subject's posterior thorax;
at least one third electrode element affixed to a right half of the subject's scalp; and
at least one fourth electrode element affixed to a left side of the subject's posterior thorax.
18 . The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the at least one first electrode element, the at least one second electrode element, the at least one third electrode element, and the at least one fourth electrode element are capacitively coupled.