Heat source for hydrogen fuel supply system
Methods and apparatus are disclosed for a heat source for a hydrogen fuel supply system of a turbine engine. An example apparatus includes a heat source configured to burn gaseous hydrogen to produce heat energy and a byproduct of combustion, a pipeline to transport gaseous hydrogen from a hydrogen supply to the heat source, a vent coupled to the heat source to vent excess gaseous hydrogen and the byproduct of combustion, and a heat exchanger coupled to the heat source to use the heat energy of the heat source to heat liquid hydrogen in the pipeline.
1 . An apparatus comprising:
a heat source configured to burn gaseous hydrogen to produce heat energy and a byproduct of combustion;
a pipeline to transport, at a first time, a first portion of liquid hydrogen from a hydrogen supply to the heat source to absorb heat from the heat source and convert the first portion of liquid hydrogen to the gaseous hydrogen;
a vent coupled to the heat source to vent excess gaseous hydrogen not burned by the heat source and the byproduct of combustion; and
a heat exchanger coupled to the heat source to use the heat energy of the heat source to heat a second portion of liquid hydrogen in the pipeline at a second time.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the vent is coupled to a first temperature sensor that measures a temperature set point of at least one of the vented excess gaseous hydrogen or the vented byproduct of combustion.
3 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat source functions as a vent heater and a starting heater during an engine start operation.
4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is coupled between the hydrogen supply and an engine combustor, the heat exchanger configured to heat the second portion of the liquid hydrogen in the pipeline from the hydrogen supply to the engine combustor.
5 . The apparatus of claim 4 , further including a second temperature sensor to measure a target temperature of incoming gaseous hydrogen to the engine combustor.
6 . The apparatus of claim 4 , further including a controller operatively coupled to the heat source, the controller to control egress of the heat energy and ingress of the gaseous hydrogen to the engine combustor.
7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous hydrogen is generated during chill-down phase of a hydrogen flow path.
8 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous hydrogen is transported through the pipeline from the hydrogen supply to the heat source during chill-down of the hydrogen supply.
9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat source includes at least one of an auxiliary combustor, a second engine, a heat pump, an auxiliary power unit, a fuel cell or an electric heater.
10 . A method comprising:
supplying, at a first time, gaseous hydrogen from chill-down of a liquid hydrogen pipeline to cool a heat source;
burning, at a second time, the gaseous hydrogen in the heat source to produce heat energy and a byproduct of combustion;
venting excess gaseous hydrogen that was not burned in the heat source and the byproduct of combustion from the heat source; and
heating, at a third time, liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pipeline using the heat energy from the heat source.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the liquid hydrogen is heated to supply hydrogen to an engine combustor for an engine start operation.
12 . The method of claim 11 , further including measuring a target temperature of incoming hydrogen to the engine combustor.
13 . The method of claim 11 , further including controlling an egress of heat energy and ingress of hydrogen to the engine combustor.
14 . An apparatus comprising:
a controller to control ingress of a thermal load and hydrogen to an engine combustor;
a heat source coupled to a heat exchanger to supply the thermal load for chill-down and engine start;
a liquid hydrogen supply coupled to the heat exchanger to supply hydrogen through a pipeline to the engine combustor; and
a vent configured to vent excess gaseous hydrogen and byproduct of the heat source after the gaseous hydrogen has been used for chill-down and engine start.
15 . The apparatus of claim 14 , further including a first sensor coupled between the heat exchanger and the vent.
16 . The apparatus of claim 14 , further including a second sensor coupled between the heat exchanger and the engine combustor.
17 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the thermal load includes heat energy used in the engine combustor start operation.
18 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the heat source burns the gaseous hydrogen generated during chill-down of liquid hydrogen.
19 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the heat source includes at least one of an auxiliary combustor, a second engine, a heat pump, an auxiliary power unit, a fuel cell or an electric heater.