INK COMPOSITION, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, COMPOSITE PREPARED THEREFROM, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME
An ink composition, a production method thereof, a composite prepared therefrom, and devices including the same are provide. The ink composition includes an additive, a semiconductor nanoparticle, and a polymerizable monomer, the additive includes a phosphorus compound, the phosphorus compound contains a bond between phosphorus and oxygen, and the semiconductor nanoparticle includes a group Nov. 13, 2016 compound (or semiconductor nanocrystal) containing silver, group 13 metals (e.g., indium and gallium), and group 16 elements (e.g., sulfur).
1 . An ink composition comprising:
a polymerizable monomer; and
a semiconductor nanoparticle,
wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle comprises a Group Nov. 13, 2016 compound comprising silver, a Group 13 metal, and a Group 16 element; and optionally zinc,
wherein the Group 13 metal comprises indium and gallium,
wherein the Group 16 element comprises sulfur; and
wherein the ink composition further comprises an additive, wherein the additive comprises a phosphorus compound comprising a bond between phosphorus and oxygen.
2 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein
in the ink composition, a mole ratio of phosphorus to indium (P:In) is greater than or equal to 0.2:1 and less than or equal to about 20:1,
a mole ratio of phosphorus to sulfur (P:S) is greater than 0:1 and less than or equal to about 10:1, or
a mole ratio of phosphorus to silver (P:Ag) is greater than 0.07:1 and less than or equal to about 7:1.
3 . The ink composition of claim 1 ,
wherein the phosphorus compound is an organic phosphorus compound and is a liquid at room temperature, and
wherein the phosphorus compound is miscible with the polymerizable monomer.
4 . The ink composition of claim 1 ,
wherein the phosphorus compound comprises an organic phosphonate compound, an organic phosphate compound, an organic phosphoric acid compound, an organic phosphine oxide compound, or a combination thereof.
5 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus compound has a molecular weight that is greater than or equal to about 50 gram per mole and less than or equal to about 500 gram per mole.
6 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus compound comprises an organic phosphate compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic phosphonate compound represented by Chemical Formula 2, or a combination thereof:
wherein in the above Formulae, R is the same or different, and each independently is hydrogen or a C1 to C30 organic group.
7 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the phosphorus compound comprises a compound represented by Chemical Formula 3, a compound represented by Chemical Formula 4, or a combination thereof:
wherein in the above formulae, R is the same or different and is each independently a hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl group; n is an integer of 1 to 10; A is the same or different and each independently a halogen group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkoxy group of the formula-OR 2 wherein R 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a thiol group; or a combination thereof; and R 1 is hydrogen, a hydroxyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
8 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein
the ink composition further comprises a first organic ligand,
the first organic ligand comprises a compound or a moiety represented by R 1 —COO-A, where R 1 is a first organic group, A is hydrogen or a portion linked to a surface of the semiconductor nanoparticle, and
the first organic ligand includes a compound having a molecular weight of greater than or equal to about 10 gram per mole and less than or equal to about 800 gram per mole.
9 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein
the ink composition further comprises a metal halide, and
the metal halide comprises a zinc halide, an indium halide, a gallium halide, or a combination thereof.
10 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle further comprises zinc.
11 . The ink composition of claim 10 , wherein
in the ink composition,
a mole ratio of phosphorus to zinc (P:Zn) is greater than or equal to about 0.133:1 and less than or equal to about 1.5:1, or
a molar ratio of chlorine to zinc (Cl:Zn) is greater than or equal to about 1:1 and less than or equal to about 5:1.
12 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein
in the ink composition,
an amount of the semiconductor nanoparticle is greater than or equal to about 20 weight percent and less than or equal to about 80 weight percent based on a total weight of the ink composition.
13 . The ink composition of claim 1 , wherein
the semiconductor nanoparticle comprises a core comprising a first semiconductor nanocrystal and a semiconductor nanocrystal shell disposed on the core,
the first semiconductor nanocrystal comprises silver, indium, gallium, and sulfur, and
the semiconductor nanocrystal shell comprises a second semiconductor nanocrystal comprising gallium, sulfur, and optionally silver and being different from the first semiconductor nanocrystal; and
optionally, a third semiconductor nanocrystal comprising gallium, sulfur, and zinc; and optionally a fourth semiconductor nanocrystal comprising zinc and sulfur, or a combination thereof, the optional third and fourth semiconductor nanocrystals being different from the first semiconductor nanocrystal.
14 . A method for producing the ink composition of claim 1 , the method comprising
admixing the semiconductor nanoparticle and the additive with the polymerizable monomer,
wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle is configured to form a colloidal dispersion in the polymerizable monomer,
the additive comprises the phosphorus compound and,
the phosphorus compound is miscible with the polymerizable monomer.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein preparation of the semiconductor nanoparticle comprises;
admixing a semiconductor nanocrystal particle containing a Group Nov. 13, 2016 compound with a first organic ligand and a metal salt compound in an organic solvent, wherein the metal salt compound comprises zinc, indium, gallium, or a combination thereof, and the first organic ligand comprises a compound represented by R 1 —COOH, wherein R 1 is a first organic group.
16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the additive further comprises a zinc halide, an indium halide, a gallium halide, or a combination thereof.
17 . A semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite comprising a polymer and a semiconductor nanoparticle,
wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle comprises a Group Nov. 13, 2016 compound comprising silver, a Group 13 metal, and a Group 16 element,
wherein the Group 13 metal comprises indium and gallium,
wherein the Group 16 element comprises sulfur,
wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite exhibit a peak corresponding to a bond between phosphorus and oxygen in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, and in the semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite, a molar ratio of phosphorus to indium (P:In) is greater than or equal to 0.2:1 and less than or equal to 20:1.
18 . The semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite of claim 17 , wherein in the semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite, a mole ratio of phosphorus to sulfur (P:S) is greater than 0:1 and less than or equal to 10:1, and a mole ratio of phosphorus to silver (P:Ag) is greater than 0.07:1 and less than or equal to about 7:1.
19 . The semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite of claim 17 , wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite further comprises a metal halide, and
wherein the metal halide comprises a zinc halide, an indium halide, a gallium halide, or a combination thereof.
20 . The semiconductor nanoparticle-polymer composite of claim 17 , wherein a maximum intensity of the P—O peak appears in the binding energy range of about 129 electronvolt to about 137 electronvolt.