ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICE, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, AND DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME
An electroluminescent device, a producing method thereof, and a display device including the same. The electroluminescent device includes a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other; a light-emitting layer disposed between the first and second electrodes; and an electron transport layer between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode. The light-emitting layer includes a semiconductor nanoparticle, the electron transport layer includes a zinc oxide nanoparticle having a size of 1 nm or more to 15 nm or less, and the zinc oxide nanoparticle further includes magnesium, an alkali metal, and sulfur.
1 . An electroluminescent device comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other;
a light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and
an electron transport layer disposed between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode,
wherein the light-emitting layer comprises a semiconductor nanoparticle,
wherein the electron transport layer comprises a zinc oxide nanoparticle,
wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle has a size of greater than or equal to about 1 nanometer and less than or equal to about 15 nanometers, and
wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle further comprises magnesium, an alkali metal, and sulfur.
2 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle, a mole ratio of alkali metal to sulfur (alkali metal:sulfur) is greater than or equal to about 0.01:1 and less than or equal to about 3:1.
3 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal comprises lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, or combinations thereof.
4 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal comprises lithium, sodium, potassium, or combinations thereof; and optionally potassium, rubidium, cesium, or combinations thereof.
5 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle, a mole ratio of alkali metal to sulfur (alkali metal:sulfur) is greater than or equal to about 0.03:1 and less than or equal to about 0.9:1.
6 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle, a mole ratio of magnesium to sulfur (magnesium:sulfur) is greater than or equal to about 0.1:1 and less than or equal to about 30:1.
7 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle, a mole ratio of magnesium to sulfur (magnesium:sulfur) is greater than or equal to about 2:1 and less than or equal to about 15:1.
8 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle,
a mole ratio of alkali metal to magnesium (alkali metal:Mg) is greater than or equal to about 0.03:1 and less than or equal to about 0.5:1, or
a mole ratio of alkali metal to zinc (alkali metal:Zn) is greater than or equal to about 0.002:1 and less than or equal to about 0.1:1.
9 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein in the zinc oxide nanoparticle,
a mole ratio of alkali metal to magnesium (alkali metal:Mg) is greater than or equal to about 0.08:1 and less than or equal to about 0.4:1, or
a mole ratio of alkali metal to zinc (alkali metal:Zn) is greater than or equal to about 0.005:1 and less than or equal to about 0.05:1.
10 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the zinc oxide nanoparticle shows an S2p peak in the range of binding energy that is from about 160 eV to about 164 eV in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.
11 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor nanoparticle does not contain cadmium.
12 . The electroluminescent device of claim 1 ,
wherein the electroluminescent device emits blue light when a voltage is applied; and
wherein
the electroluminescent device has a maximum external quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to about 10 percent and less than or equal to about 40 percent, or
the electroluminescent device shows a maximum luminance of greater than or equal to about 100,000 candelas per square meter and less than or equal to about 500,000 candelas per square meter.
13 . The electroluminescent device of claim 12 ,
wherein the electroluminescent device exhibits a T90 of greater than or equal to about 25 hours and less than or equal to about 1000 hours, as measured at an initial luminance of 650 nit.
14 . A method of producing an electroluminescent device of claim 1 , the method comprising:
disposing the light-emitting layer on the first electrode;
applying a composition comprising a zinc oxide nanoparticle on the light-emitting layer to form the electron transport layer; and
disposing the second electrode on the electron transport layer to produce the electroluminescent device,
wherein a preparation of the zinc oxide nanoparticle comprises
contacting a zinc oxide nanoparticle containing magnesium with an alkali metal sulfide in a solvent.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol, a dialkyl sulfoxide solvent, or a combination thereof.
16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein an amount of the alkali metal sulfide is greater than or equal to about 0.001 moles and less than or equal to about 0.2 moles per one mole of a sum of zinc and magnesium.
17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the alkali metal sulfide comprises a sodium sulfide, and the method comprises adding a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of the sodium sulfide to the solvent.
18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the contacting is performed at a temperature of 10° C. to 40° C. under a basic medium.
19 . A display device comprising the electroluminescent device of claim 1 .
20 . The display device of claim 19 , wherein the display device is a handheld terminal device, a monitor, a notebook computer, a television, an electronic display board, a camera, or an electronic component for an automatic vehicle.