Shaping Antenna Radiation Patterns Via A Feed Cable
Described herein are unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and antenna assemblies thereof for shaping radiation patterns in wireless communication applications. For example, an embodiment pertains to an antenna assembly onboard an aerial vehicle. The antenna assembly includes a radiating element coupled to a chassis of an aerial vehicle, and a feed cable coupled to a portion of the radiating element and including a cable-shaping mechanism having a disposition in which a portion of the feed cable is placed and shaped diagonally a distance from the radiating element.
1 . An aerial vehicle, comprising:
a body;
a plurality of rotor assemblies;
a plurality of rotor arms, each rotor arm having a distal end, and a proximal end structurally coupled to the body and a rotor assembly of the plurality of rotor assemblies structurally coupled to the distal end; and
an antenna assembly coupled to a rotor arm of the plurality of rotor arms, wherein the antenna assembly comprises:
a radiating element; and
a feed cable coupled to a portion of the radiating element and including a cable-shaping mechanism having a disposition in which a portion of the feed cable is placed and shaped diagonally a distance from the radiating element.
2 . The aerial vehicle of claim 1 , wherein, based on the disposition of the cable-shaping mechanism, the radiating element of the antenna assembly creates a signal having shaped radiation in a forward direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body, and in a rear direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body.
3 . The aerial vehicle of claim 2 , wherein the cable-shaping mechanism has a mirrored disposition relative to the disposition, and wherein, based on the mirrored disposition, the radiating element of the antenna assembly creates a mirrored signal having shaped radiation of an opposite direction relative to the signal in a forward direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body, and in a rear direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body.
4 . The aerial vehicle of claim 1 , further comprising a processor coupled to the antenna assembly via the feed cable and configured to receive a signal having shaped radiation in a forward direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body, and in a rear direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body.
5 . The aerial vehicle of claim 1 , wherein:
the cable-shaping mechanism has a different disposition relative to the disposition;
in the different disposition, the portion of the feed cable is placed and shaped axially away from the radiating element; and
based on the different disposition, the radiating element of the antenna assembly creates a signal having radiation irrespective of the feed cable.
6 . The aerial vehicle of claim 1 , wherein the distance between the feed cable and the radiating element is based on a multiple of a quarter-wavelength of a frequency of the radiating element.
7 . The aerial vehicle of claim 1 , wherein:
the portion of the feed cable shaped by the cable-shaping mechanism is a first portion;
the distance between the first portion and the radiating element is a first distance; and
based on the disposition:
a second portion of the feed cable coupled to the portion of the radiating element extends perpendicularly relative to a first axis a second distance from the portion of the radiating element,
a third portion of the feed cable between the first and second portions is curved at least partially in parallel along the first axis; and
a fourth portion of the feed cable including at least a subset of a remainder of the feed cable extends in parallel relative to the first axis a third distance from the portion of the radiating element.
8 . The aerial vehicle of claim 1 , wherein a length and a thickness of the feed cable are based on a frequency range of the radiating element.
9 . An antenna assembly comprising:
a radiating element; and a
a feed cable coupled to a portion of the radiating element and including a cable-shaping mechanism having a disposition in which a portion of the feed cable is placed and shaped diagonally a distance from the radiating element.
10 . The antenna assembly of claim 9 , wherein the antenna assembly is affixed to an aerial vehicle including a body, a plurality of rotor assemblies, and a plurality of rotor arms, each rotor arm having a distal end, and a proximal end structurally coupled to the body and a rotor assembly of the plurality of rotor assemblies structurally coupled to the distal end.
11 . The antenna assembly of claim 10 , wherein, based on the disposition of the cable-shaping mechanism, during an operation of the antenna assembly, the radiating element of the antenna assembly creates a signal having shaped radiation in a forward direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body, and in a rear direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body.
12 . The antenna assembly of claim 11 , wherein the cable-shaping mechanism has a mirrored disposition relative to the disposition, and wherein, based on the mirrored disposition, during the operation of the antenna assembly, the radiating element of the antenna assembly creates a mirrored signal having shaped radiation of an opposite direction relative to the signal in a forward direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body, and in a rear direction of the aerial vehicle relative to the body.
13 . The antenna assembly of claim 9 , wherein:
the cable-shaping mechanism has a different disposition relative to the disposition;
in the different disposition, the portion of the feed cable is placed and shaped axially away from the radiating element; and
based on the different disposition, during an operation of the antenna assembly, the radiating element of the antenna assembly creates a signal having radiation irrespective of the feed cable.
14 . The antenna assembly of claim 9 , wherein the distance between the feed cable and the radiating element is based on a multiple of a quarter-wavelength of a frequency of the radiating element.
15 . The antenna assembly of claim 9 , wherein:
the portion of the feed cable shaped by the cable-shaping mechanism is a first portion;
the distance between the first portion and the radiating element is a first distance; and
based on the disposition:
a second portion of the feed cable coupled to the portion of the radiating element extends perpendicularly relative to a first axis a second distance from the portion of the radiating element,
a third portion of the feed cable between the first and second portions is curved at least partially in parallel along the first axis; and
a fourth portion of the feed cable including at least a subset of a remainder of the feed cable extends in parallel relative to the first axis a third distance from the portion of the radiating element.
16 . The antenna assembly of claim 9 , wherein a length and a thickness of the feed cable are based on a frequency range of the radiating element.
17 . A method of manufacturing an antenna assembly, the method comprising:
affixing a radiating element of the antenna assembly to a top side of a circuit board having the top side, a bottom side, a left side, and a right side;
affixing an end of a feed cable to a portion of the radiating element through the bottom side of the circuit board; and
disposing a portion of the feed cable having a cable-shaping mechanism in a disposition such that the portion of the feed cable is placed and shaped diagonally a distance from radiating element.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the distance between the feed cable and the radiating element is based on a multiple of a quarter-wavelength of a frequency of the radiating element.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein a length and a thickness of the feed cable are based on the frequency of the radiating element.
20 . The method of claim 17 . further comprising:
coupling another end of the feed cable to a processor; and
transmitting a signal having shaped radiation in one or more directions based on the disposition of the cable-shaping mechanism.