SMALL-SIGNAL CENTRIC SCALABLE, MASSIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING GAIN ARCHITECTURE

1 . An apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of antenna elements configured to receive a quantity M of receive signal components associated with a first signal transmitted from a terminal in a first frequency range, wherein the first signal comprises a receive message;

a plurality of low noise amplifiers (LNAs) configured to amplify a second frequency range of the quantity M of receive signal components to obtain a quantity M of amplified receive signal components, wherein each LNA of the plurality of LNAs is coupled with a respective antenna element of the plurality of antenna elements, and wherein the second frequency range comprises the first frequency range and has a bandwidth that is at least two times greater than a bandwidth of the first frequency range;

a plurality of analog to digital converters (ADCs) coupled with the plurality of LNAs, wherein the plurality of ADCs are configured to digitize the quantity M of amplified receive signal components over the second frequency range to obtain a quantity M of digitized receive signal components, and wherein a sampling frequency of each of the plurality of ADCs is at least four times higher than a highest frequency of the second frequency range; and

a controller coupled with the plurality of ADCs, the controller configured to:

obtain the quantity M of digitized receive signal components from the plurality of ADCs;

apply a digital filter to each of the quantity M of digitized receive signal components to obtain a quantity M of filtered receive signal components;

apply a combining function to the quantity M of filtered receive signal components to obtain a second signal, wherein the quantity M represents a quantity of independent pathways for receiving the first signal; and

decode the receive message from the second signal.

2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein

each receive signal component comprises a signal portion and a noise portion, and

a power of the signal portion is lower than a power of the noise portion.

3 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

a clock distribution network coupled with the plurality of ADCs that distributes a common clock signal to the plurality of ADCs for digitizing the quantity M of amplified receive signal components.

4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

a plurality of low-pass filters configured to attenuate a portion of the quantity M of amplified receive signal components above an upper bound of the second frequency range before the plurality of ADCs digitize the quantity M of amplified receive signal components, wherein each low-pass filter of the plurality of low-pass filters is coupled with a respective LNA of the plurality of LNAs and a respective ADC of the plurality of ADCs.

5 . The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein

each LNA of the plurality of LNAs is coupled with the respective antenna element of the plurality of antenna elements, and

each low-pass filter of the plurality of low-pass filters is directly coupled with the respective LNA of the plurality of LNAs and the respective ADC of the plurality of ADCs.

6 . The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein each low-pass filter of the plurality of low-pass filters comprises an anti-aliasing filter.

7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first frequency range comprises a same range of frequencies as that spanned by a representation of the receive message in the respective receive signal component received at the respective antenna element of the plurality of antenna elements.

8 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the quantity M of receive signal components are directly sampled with no analog down-conversion performed on the quantity M of receive signal components between being received at the plurality of antenna elements and being digitized at the plurality of ADCs.

9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein

the digital filter has a frequency response corresponding to candidate messages, and

decoding the receive message from the second signal is based at least in part on the digital filter having the frequency response corresponding to candidate messages.

10 . The apparatus of claim 1 through 9 , wherein the combining function comprises an averaging function.

11 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sampling frequency is at least sixteen times higher than the highest frequency of the second frequency range.

12 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the bandwidth of the second frequency range is at least sixteen times greater than the bandwidth of the first frequency range.

13 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

a plurality of digital to analog converters (DACs) configured to generate a plurality of transmit signal components from a plurality of digitized transmit signal components; and

a plurality of amplifiers coupled with the plurality of DACs and the plurality of antenna elements and configured to amplify the plurality of transmit signal components and provide the plurality of amplified transmit signal components to the plurality of antenna elements for transmission,

wherein the controller is coupled with the plurality of DACs and further configured to:

encode one or more transmit messages to obtain one or more transmit signals; and

apply a transmit beamforming matrix to the one or more transmit signals to obtain the plurality of digitized transmit signal components.

14 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein

each subgroup of antenna elements of the plurality of antenna elements comprises a capability to preserve signal polarization and a capability to preserve signal angle of arrival, and

the controller being configured to apply the digital filter is based at least in part on the capability to preserve signal polarization and the capability to preserve signal angle of arrival.

15 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein

each subgroup of antenna elements of the plurality of antenna elements comprises a tripole of a plurality of tripoles or a half-tripole of a plurality of half-tripoles, and

the plurality of tripoles or the plurality of half-tripoles are arranged in a grid that extends in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

16 .- 30 . (canceled)