ELECTROLYTE AND LITHIUM ION BATTERIES MADE THEREWITH
Electrolytes comprising a solvating solvent, lithium salt and a halogenated alkane in an amount of 0.05% to 5% by weight of the electrolyte improve the cycling performance of lithium ion batteries and in particular lithium ion batteries having lithium metal anodes or anode-less anodes with Li intercalating cathode (e.g., cathodes comprised of layered nickel, manganese cobalt oxides).
1 . An electrolyte comprising a solution comprised of a solvating solvent, lithium salt and a halogenated alkane in an amount of 0.05% to 5% by weight of the electrolyte.
2 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the amount is 0.1% to 2%.
3 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkane has from 1 to 12 carbons.
4 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkane is substituted with at most 5 halogens.
5 . The electrolyte of claim 4 , wherein the halogenated alkane is substituted with at most 3 halogens.
6 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkane is cyclic.
7 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkane is linear.
8 . The electrolyte of claim 7 , wherein the halogenated alkane is monosubstituted.
9 . The electrolyte of claim 8 , wherein the halogenated alkane has from 1 to 10 carbons.
10 . The electrolyte of claim 7 , wherein the halogenated alkane is at least di-substituted with a halogen.
11 . The electrolyte of claim 10 , wherein the halogens present in the halogenated alkane are not separated by more than 1 carbon.
12 . The electrolyte of claim 11 , wherein the halogenated alkane has from 1 to 10 carbons.
13 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkane is substituted with chlorine, fluorine or combination thereof.
14 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the halogenated alkane is substituted with either chlorine or fluorine, but not both.
15 . The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is a localized high salt concentration electrolyte (LHCE) further comprised of a diluent.
16 . The electrolyte of claim 15 , wherein the LHCE is comprised of a lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI), dimethoxyethane (DME), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) combination; LiFSI, DME, 1,2-(1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethoxy) ethane (TFEE) combination; LiFSI, DME, 1H,1H,5H-octafluoropentyl 1,1,2,2,-tetrafluoroethyl ether (OFPTFEE) combination; LiFSI, DME, 1,3-(1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethoxy) propane (TFEP) combination; LiFSI, DEE, TTE combination; LiFSI, DEE, TFEE combination; LiFSI, DEE, OFPTFEE combination; or LiFSI, DEE, TFEP combination.
17 . A battery comprised of the electrolyte of claim 1 , a cathode, anode and separator.
18 . The battery of claim 17 , wherein the anode is comprised of a lithium metal anode.
19 . The battery of claim 17 , wherein the cathode is a layered oxide.
20 , The battery of claim 19 , wherein the layered oxide is comprised of Ni, Mn, Co and the Ni is at least 50% by mole of the Ni, Mn and Co in the layered oxide.